scholarly journals The influence of context on the use and added value of Planning Support Systems in workshops: An exploratory case study of climate adaptation planning in Guayaquil, Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 101353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadie McEvoy ◽  
Frans H.M. van de Ven ◽  
Alexandra Garces Santander ◽  
Jill H. Slinger
Keyword(s):  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Exploratory Case Study ◽  
Climate Adaptation Planning

Towards the collaborative development of machine learning techniques in planning support systems – a Sydney example

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832093997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Lock ◽  
Michael Bain ◽  
Christopher Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Support System ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Planning Support System

The rise of the term ‘big data’ has contributed to recent advances in computational analysis techniques, such as machine learning and more broadly, artificial intelligence, which can extract patterns from large, multi-dimensional datasets. In the field of urban planning, it is pertinent to understand both how such techniques can advance our understanding of cities, and how they can be embedded within transparent and effective digital planning tools, known as planning support systems. This research specifically focuses on two related contributions. First, it investigates the role of planning support systems in supporting a participatory data analytics approach through an iterative process of developing and evaluating a planning support system environment. Second, it investigates how specifically machine learning planning support systems can be co-designed by built environment practitioners and stakeholders in this environment to solve a real planning issue in Sydney, Australia. This paper presents the results of applied research undertaken through the design and implementation of four workshops, involving 57 participants who were involved in a co-design process. The research follows a mixed-methods approach, studying a wide array of measures related to participatory analytics, task load, perceived added value, recordings and observations. The results highlight recommendations regarding the design and evaluation of planning support system environments for co-design and their coupling with machine learning techniques. It was found that consistency and transparency are highly valued and central to the design of a planning support system in this context. General attitudes towards machine learning and artificial intelligence as techniques for planners and developers were positive, as they were seen as both potentially transformative but also as simply another technique to assist with workflows. Some conceptual challenges were encountered driven by practitioners' simultaneous need for concrete scenarios for accurate predictions, paired with a desire for predictions to drive the development of these scenarios. Insights from this work can inform future planning support system evaluation and co-design studies, in particular those aiming to support democracy enhancement, greater inclusion and more efficient resource allocation through a participatory analytics approach.

The added value of Planning Support Systems: A practitioner’s perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 16-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Pelzer ◽  
Stan Geertman ◽  
Rob van der Heijden ◽  
Etiënne Rouwette
Keyword(s):  
Support Systems ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Planning Support

Geospatial tool-chains: Planning support systems for organisational teams

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-356
Author(s):  
Pradeep Alva ◽  
Patrick Janssen ◽  
Rudi Stouffs
Keyword(s):  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Spatial Decision Support ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Tool Chain ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Decision Support Framework

In practice, most planners do not make significant use of planning support systems. Although extensive research has been conducted, the focus tends to be on supporting individual tasks, and the outcomes are often the development of new stand-alone tools that are difficult to integrate into existing workflows. The knowledge contribution in this article focuses on developing a novel spatial decision support framework focusing on the workflows and tool-chains that span across different teams with varying skill sets and objectives, within an organisation. In the proposed framework, the core decision-making process uses a set of decision parameters that are combined using a weighted decision tree. The framework is evaluated by developing and testing a workflow and GIS tool-chain for a real-world case study of land suitability and mixed-use potentiality analysis.

scholarly journals Land–Sea Interaction: Integrating Climate Adaptation Planning and Maritime Spatial Planning in the North Adriatic Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5319
Author(s):  
Denis Maragno ◽  
Carlo Federico dall’Omo ◽  
Gianfranco Pozzer ◽  
Niccolò Bassan ◽  
Francesco Musco
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
The North ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Maritime Spatial Planning ◽  
Adriatic Basin ◽  
Climate Adaptation Planning

Land–sea interaction dynamics are physiologically regulated by an exchange of matter (and energy) between the anthropic system and the natural environment. Therefore, the appropriate management of land–sea interaction (LSI)contexts should base on those planning approaches which can holistically support coastal development, such as Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) and Climate Adaptation Planning (CAP). One of the main limiting factors for this integration is the fragmentation of existing databases and information sources, which compose the territorial knowledge framework. Investigations have sought to address the representation and assessment of “wicked” and interconnected coastal problems. The present research focuses on the production of the necessary information to fill sectorial knowledge gaps and to merge the available data into a single framework. The research methodology is based on remote sensing assessment techniques and is designed to be replicated in other coastal areas to integrate CAP and MSP. The output maps are a result of the empirical application of the integration of the assessment techniques and are meant to support local decision-making processes. The result aims at illustrating and highlighting the relationships between climate change impact vulnerabilities their spatial relation to marine resources and maritime activities. This can support effective actions aimed at environmental and urban protection, the organization of the uses of the sea and adaptation to climate impacts. The application of the assessment techniques is developed on a case study in the north Adriatic Basin. The Gulf of Trieste constitutes a representative case study for the Mediterranean Basin due to its transboundary nature. The relationship and the ongoing projects between Slovenia and Italy make the case study an interesting context in which to test and train the proposed integrated planning approach. Therefore, the study investigates local vulnerability to climate impacts, i.e., Urban Heat Island (UHI) and urban runoff, and the existing relationship between the urban fabrics and the marine environment.

scholarly journals Avoiding the planning support system pitfalls? What smart governance can learn from the planning support system implementation gap

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1343-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaxiong Jiang ◽  
Stan Geertman ◽  
Patrick Witte
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Added Value ◽  
System Implementation ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Technical Application ◽  
Implementation Gap ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Planning Support System ◽  
Smart Governance

The implementation of smart governance in government policies and practices is criticised for its dominant focus on technology investments, which leads to a rather technocratic and corporate way of ‘smartly’ governing cities and less consideration of actual user needs. To help prevent a mismatch between the demand for and the supply of technology, this paper explores what smart governance can learn from efforts in debates on planning support systems to close the ‘PSS implementation gap’. This gap refers to a long-standing discrepancy between the availability of planning support systems (supply) and the time-bound support needs of planning practice (demand). By exploring both the academic field of smart governance and the debates on the planning support system implementation gap, this paper contributes to the further development of smart governance by learning from the experiences in the planning support system debates. Two particular lessons are distilled: (1) for technology to be of added value to practice, it should be attuned to the wishes and capabilities of the intended users and to the specifics of the tasks to be accomplished, given the particularities of the context in which the technology is applied; and (2) closing the planning support system implementation gap reveals that knowledge on the context specificities is of utmost importance and will also be of importance to the smart governance developments. In conclusion, smart governance can and should become more aware of the role of contextual factors in collaboration with users and urban issues. This is expected to shift the emphasis from today’s technology-focused, supply-driven smart governance development, to a socio-technical, application-pulled and demand-driven smart governance development.

scholarly journals Planning Support Systems and Task-Technology Fit: a Comparative Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Pelzer ◽  
Gustavo Arciniegas ◽  
Stan Geertman ◽  
Sander Lenferink
Keyword(s):  
Support Systems ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Planning Support Systems ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Task Technology Fit ◽  
And Task

scholarly journals Multi-Risk Climate Mapping for the Adaptation of the Venice Metropolitan Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Denis Maragno ◽  
Carlo Federico dall’Omo ◽  
Gianfranco Pozzer ◽  
Francesco Musco
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Climate Adaptation Planning

Climate change risk reduction requires cities to undertake urgent decisions. One of the principal obstacles that hinders effective decision making is insufficient spatial knowledge frameworks. Cities climate adaptation planning must become strategic to rethink and transform urban fabrics holistically. Contemporary urban planning should merge future threats with older and unsolved criticalities, like social inequities, urban conflicts and “drosscapes”. Retrofitting planning processes and redefining urban objectives requires the development of innovative spatial information frameworks. This paper proposes a combination of approaches to overcome knowledge production limits and to support climate adaptation planning. The research was undertaken in collaboration with the Metropolitan City of Venice and the Municipality of Venice, and required the production of a multi-risk climate atlas to support their future spatial planning efforts. The developed tool is a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS), which aids adaptation actions and the coordination of strategies. The model recognises and assesses two climate impacts: Urban Heat Island and Flooding, representing the Metropolitan City of Venice (CMVE) as a case study in complexity. The model is composed from multiple assessment methodologies and maps both vulnerability and risk. The atlas links the morphological and functional conditions of urban fabrics and land use that triggers climate impacts. The atlas takes the exposure assessment of urban assets into account, using this parameter to describe local economies and social services, and map the uneven distribution of impacts. The resulting tool is therefore a replicable and scalable mapping assessment able to mediate between metropolitan and local level planning systems.

scholarly journals Beyond Planning Tools: Experiential Learning in Climate Adaptation Planning and Practices

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Schmitt ◽  
Todd A. Ontl ◽  
Stephen D. Handler ◽  
Maria K. Janowiak ◽  
Leslie A. Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Training Approach ◽  
Climate Change Response ◽  
Planning Tools ◽  
Change Response

In the past decade, several dedicated tools have been developed to help natural resources professionals integrate climate science into their planning and implementation; however, it is unclear how often these tools lead to on-the-ground climate adaptation. Here, we describe a training approach that we developed to help managers effectively plan to execute intentional, climate-informed actions. This training approach was developed through the Climate Change Response Framework (CCRF) and uses active and focused work time and peer-to-peer interaction to overcome observed barriers to using adaptation planning tools. We evaluate the effectiveness of this approach by examining participant evaluations and outlining the progress of natural resources projects that have participated in our trainings. We outline a case study that describes how this training approach can lead to place and context-based climate-informed action. Finally, we describe best practices based on our experience for engaging natural resources professionals and helping them increase their comfort with climate-informed planning.

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