scholarly journals Offspring Sex in a Lizard Depends on Egg Size

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 1102-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajkumar S. Radder ◽  
David A. Pike ◽  
Alexander E. Quinn ◽  
Richard Shine
Keyword(s):  
Egg Size ◽  
Ethology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Leitner ◽  
Rupert C. Marshall ◽  
Bernd Leisler ◽  
Clive K. Catchpole

The Condor ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meritxell Genovart ◽  
Daniel Oro ◽  
Xavier Ruiz ◽  
Richard Griffiths ◽  
Pat Monaghan ◽  
...  

AbstractWe examined seasonal variation in the hatching sex ratio of Audouin's Gull (Larus audouinii). This species is sexually size dimorphic (males are 20% larger than females at fledging); it has a modal clutch of three eggs, which vary in size (the third egg is the smallest) and hatch asynchronously. These sex, egg size, and hatching patterns generate substantial within-brood differences in chick size that interact with the food provisioning of the parents to influence chick survival. Parental provisioning capacity depends on both parental quality and environmental conditions, both of which are known to decline with season. Consequently, the optimal brood composition is likely to vary within a season. Using molecular markers to sex newly hatched chicks, we found that offspring sex was influenced by an interaction between hatching date and hatching order, with the proportion of males among third-hatched chicks initially increasing and then decreasing later in the season.Cambios Estacionales en la Proporción de Sexos de las Polladas en Larus audouiniiResumen. En el presente trabajo examinamos la variación estacional en la proporción de sexos de los pollos de Larus audouinii en el momento de la eclosión. Esta especie es sexualmente dimórfica (los machos son un 20% mayores que las hembras al acabar su crecimiento), tiene una puesta modal de tres huevos, que varían en tamaño (el tercero es el menor) y eclosionan asincrónicamente. Estos patrones de sexo, tamaño del huevo y orden de eclosión generan diferencias sustanciales en el tamaño de los pollos dentro de la pollada, los que a su vez interaccionan con la provisión de alimento de los progenitores influyendo la supervivencia de cada pollo. La capacidad de proveer alimento dependerá de la calidad parental y de las condiciones ambientales, las cuales suelen disminuir a lo largo de la estación reproductora. En consecuencia, la composición óptima de la pollada probablemente varía en cada estación. Una vez identificado de sexo de los pollos mediante técnicas moleculares, encontramos que el sexo de la progenie estuvo influenciado por la interacción entre la fecha de eclosión y el orden de eclosión, de modo que la proporción de machos en los huevos eclosionados en tercer lugar incrementó inicialmente y luego disminuyó al final de la estación.


1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne R. Edmunds ◽  
C. Davison Ankney

The sex of 306 Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) chicks from 153 two-egg clutches laid during March–August 1984 was determined by gonadal inspection. Sex of offspring was unrelated to egg sequence over the entire breeding season. There was, however, a seasonal effect on the sex versus egg sequence pattern, particularly in broods with both sexes: during the middle of the breeding season males predominated in first eggs and females in second eggs but this pattern was reversed late in the season. All other comparisons, i.e., overall sex ratio, seasonal changes in sex ratio, binomial distribution of family types, and the relation between egg size and offspring sex, were nonsignificant.


2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1774) ◽  
pp. 20132386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Sardell ◽  
Emily H. DuVal

The differential allocation hypothesis predicts increased investment in offspring when females mate with high-quality males. Few studies have tested whether investment varies with mate relatedness, despite evidence that non-additive gene action influences mate and offspring genetic quality. We tested whether female lekking lance-tailed manakins ( Chiroxiphia lanceolata ) adjust offspring sex and egg volume in response to mate attractiveness (annual reproductive success, ARS), heterozygosity and relatedness. Across 968 offspring, the probability of being male decreased with increasing parental relatedness but not father ARS or heterozygosity. This correlation tended to diminish with increasing lay-date. Across 162 offspring, egg volume correlated negatively with parental relatedness and varied with lay-date, but was unrelated to father ARS or heterozygosity. Offspring sex and egg size were unrelated to maternal age. Comparisons of maternal half-siblings in broods with no mortality produced similar results, indicating differential allocation rather than covariation between female quality and relatedness or sex-specific inbreeding depression in survival. As males suffer greater inbreeding depression, overproducing females after mating with related males may reduce fitness costs of inbreeding in a system with no inbreeding avoidance, while biasing the sex of outbred offspring towards males may maximize fitness via increased mating success of outbred sons.


The Auk ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 840-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy H. Parker

Abstract Maternal condition can affect reproductive investment in one or more ways. Captive female Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus) that were heavier, controlling for tarsus length, produced larger eggs and initiated laying earlier, but did not produce more eggs per clutch. Maternal mass was also a positive predictor of offspring mass. That appears to result from the strong positive relationships between egg size and offspring mass. When the relationship between egg size and offspring mass was statistically controlled, maternal mass no longer predicted offspring mass. Mothers in better condition produced male-biased broods, as predicted when offspring condition depends on maternal condition and when male reproductive success is more dependent than female reproductive success on condition.


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