scholarly journals Reducing negative interpretations in adolescents with anxiety disorders: A preliminary study investigating the effects of a single session of cognitive bias modification training

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Fu ◽  
Yasong Du ◽  
Shun Au ◽  
Jennifer Y.F. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Bias Modification

Can Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretations Training Alter Mood States in Children and Adolescents? A Reanalysis of Data From Six Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Y. F. Lau ◽  
Victoria Pile
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
Bias Modification ◽  
And Training

Anxiety disorders are common and impairing in childhood and adolescence. Cognitive bias modification of interpretations (CBM-I) training aims to alter information biases associated with anxiety disorders by training the person to endorse benign, rather than negative, interpretations of ambiguous situations. With an expanding evidence base, CBM-I training in childhood and adolescence may provide a key opportunity to prevent the development of anxiety disorders, particularly by capitalizing on the inherent flexibility of the adolescent brain to make durable changes. This article augments existing data with a reanalysis of a large sample of data ( N = 387). The reanalysis highlights that CBM-I is (a) effective in altering interpretation styles; (b) that changes in mood state, although weak, are evident; and (c) tentatively, that effectiveness may vary across age in males and females. We conclude by offering further suggestions on which factors associated with protocol (e.g., multiple sessions) and training package (e.g., use of imagery) may maximize training effectiveness.

Single-Session Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretations Training in High-Anxious Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Fu ◽  
Yasong Du ◽  
Shun Au ◽  
Jennifer Y. F. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Training Effects ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Interpretation Biases ◽  
High Anxious ◽  
Bias Modification

Anxiety disorders in youths are globally prevalent and carry impairing, long-lasting effects. Interpreting ambiguous cues negatively may be causally related to adolescent anxiety. Extending cognitive bias modification of interpretations (CBM-I) training, which counters anxiety by encouraging positive interpretations, to anxious adolescents could inform the design of new interventions. The study investigates whether single-session CBM-I training (a) altered interpretation biases and negative mood in adolescents selected for high anxiety and (b) whether these training-associated changes were larger than those reported in low-anxious adolescents. Seventy-seven Chinese adolescents received either positive or control training. Positive training encouraged endorsement of positive interpretations of ambiguous scenarios while on control training trials, half of the scenarios were resolved positively and half negatively. A single session of CBM-I altered interpretation biases across all individuals, F(1, 52) = 10.63, p < .01, η2 = .17. However, no training effects on mood measures emerged (all ps > .05). Training effects were not consistently moderated by baseline trait anxiety. Multisession CBM-I may be needed for mood changes to occur.

Current and Experimental Treatments for Anxiety Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Guastella ◽  
Alice Norton ◽  
Gail A. Alvares ◽  
Yun Ju Christine Song
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Chronic Anxiety ◽  
Bias Modification ◽  
Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitor ◽  
Acute Anxiety

There are currently a range of treatments available for anxiety disorders, including pharmacological and behavior-based therapies. The most widely used medications, for which there is considerable evidence of efficacy across a range of anxiety disorders, are the serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor antidepressants. Benzodiazepines are also widely prescribed and show efficacy for acute anxiety, but their use in the treatment of chronic anxiety syndromes is more problematic. Many patients are not adequately covered by the available range of medications, which is driving interest in potentially new pharmacological approaches. The best established non-pharmacological treatment of anxiety is cognitive behavioral therapy and several related behavioral approaches, which have been shown to be efficacious in a range of anxiety disorders. One of these related approaches is called cognitive bias modification, which aims to alter an individual’s responses to anxiety-provoking stimuli.

Development of a cognitive bias modification intervention for anxiety disorders in primary care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa B. Weisberg ◽  
Meghan A. Gonsalves ◽  
Ramya Ramadurai ◽  
Howard Braham ◽  
Cara Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Bias Modification ◽  
Modification Intervention

Novel Treatment Approaches for Anxiety Disorders

2013 ◽  
pp. 621-635
Author(s):  
Anita Van Zwieten ◽  
Gail A. Alvares ◽  
Adam J. Guastella
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Anxiety Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Mechanisms ◽  
Bias Modification

This chapter discusses novel pharmacological and cognitive approaches in the treatment of anxiety disorders. In particular, evidence is reviewed for glucocorticoids, yohimbine chloride, and D-cycloserine (DCS) as pharmacological adjuncts that augment fear extinction processes in psychotherapy, as well as cognitive bias modification (CBM) programs designed to remediate biased cognitive processes. These treatment approaches aim to capitalize on the cognitive, neurobiological, and behavioral mechanisms that underlie anxiety disorders. Novel technological approaches that aim to enhance access to anxiety treatment are also reviewed, specifically in reference to internet- and computer-based psychotherapy (ICT). Along with their proposed mechanisms of action, empirical evidence for their efficacy, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness are explored, as well as directions for future research.

scholarly journals The association between negative attention biases and symptoms of depression in a community sample of adolescents

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Platt ◽  
Susannah E. Murphy ◽  
Jennifer Y.F. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Cognitive Bias Modification ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Bias Modification

Adolescence is a vulnerable time for the onset of depression. Recent evidence from adult studies suggests not only that negative attention biases are correlated with symptoms of depression, but that reducing negative attention biases through training can in turn reduce symptomology. The role and plasticity of attention biases in adolescent depression, however, remains unclear. This study examines the association between symptoms of depression and attention biases, and whether such biases are modifiable, in a community sample of adolescents. We report data from 105 adolescents aged 13–17 who completed a dot-probe measure of attention bias before and after a single session of visual search-based cognitive bias modification training. This is the first study to find a significant association between negative attention biases and increased symptoms of depression in a community sample of adolescents. Contrary to expectations, we were unable to manipulate attention biases using a previously successful cognitive bias modification task. There were no significant effects of the training on positive affect and only modest effects of the training, identified in post-hoc analyses, were observed on negative affect. Our data replicate those from the adult literature, which suggest that adolescent depression is a disorder associated with negative attention biases, although we were unable to modify attention biases in our study. We identify numerous parameters of our methodology which may explain these null training effects, and which could be addressed in future cognitive bias modification studies of adolescent depression.

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