scholarly journals Bats data from fragmented forests in Terengganu State, Malaysia

Data in Brief ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 105567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurulhuda Zakaria ◽  
Athirah Ahmad Tarmizi ◽  
Muhammad Alif Mat Zuki ◽  
Amirrudin Bin Ahmad ◽  
Mazrul Aswady Mamat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fragmented Forests

scholarly journals Interacting effects of forest fragmentation and howler monkey foraging on germination and disperal of fig seeds

Oryx ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Serio-Silva ◽  
Victor Rico-Gray
Keyword(s):  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Alouatta Palliata ◽  
Howler Monkey ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Howler Monkeys ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Dispersal Distances ◽  
Alouatta Palliata Mexicana ◽  
Fragmented Forests ◽  
Individual Trees

We studied changes in germination rates and dispersal distance of seeds of Ficus perforata and F. lundelli dispersed by howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana), in a small (40 ha) ‘disturbed’ and a larger (>600 ha) ‘preserved’ tropical rainforest in southern Veracruz, Mexico. The interaction between A. p. mexicana and Ficus (Urostigma) spp. is beneficial for the interacting species and has important implications for their conservation. Howler monkeys gain from the ingestion of an important food source, germination rates of Ficus seeds are improved by passage through the monkeys' digestive tract, and the seeds are more likely to be deposited in a site suitable for germination and development. Seed dispersal distances are relatively larger in the preserved site, with both the size of the forest area and the spatial pattern of Ficus affecting the dispersal process. In a large forest fragment with ‘regularly’ distributed Ficus individuals the howler monkeys move away from the seed source, increasing the probability that the seeds are desposited on a tree other than Ficus, which is important for the germination and future development of a hemiepiphytic species. In a small forest fragment with trees distributed in clumps howlers repeatedly use the same individual trees, and faeces containing seeds may be dropped on unsuitable trees more often. These are key issues when addressing conservation policies for fragmented forests.

Influence of historical and contemporary habitat changes on the population genetics of the endemic South African parrot Poicephalus robustus

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-259
Author(s):  
WILLEM G. COETZER ◽  
COLLEEN T. DOWNS ◽  
MIKE R. PERRIN ◽  
SANDI WILLOWS-MUNRO
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Population Bottlenecks ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Fragmented Forests

SummaryThe Cape Parrot Poicephalus robustus is a habitat specialist, restricted to forest patches in the Eastern Cape (EC), KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and Limpopo provinces of South Africa. Recent census estimates suggest that there are less than 1,600 parrots left in the wild, although historical data suggest that the species was once more numerous. Fragmentation of the forest biome is strongly linked to climate change and exploitation of the forest by the timber industry. We examine the subpopulation structure and connectivity between fragmented populations across the distribution of the species. Differences in historical and contemporary genetic structure of Cape Parrots is examined by including both modern samples, collected from 1951 to 2014, and historical samples, collected from 1870 to 1946. A total of 114 individuals (historical = 29; contemporary = 85) were genotyped using 16 microsatellite loci. We tested for evidence of partitioning of genotypes at both a temporal and spatial scales by comparing shifts in allelic frequencies of historical (1870–1946) and contemporary (1951–2014) samples across the distribution of the species. Tests for population bottlenecks were also conducted to determine if anthropogenic causes are the main driver of population decline in this species. Analyses identified three geographically correlated genetic clusters. A southern group restricted to forest patches in the EC, a central group including birds from KZN and a genetically distinct northern Limpopo cluster. Results suggest that Cape Parrots have experienced at least two population bottlenecks. An ancient decline during the mid-Holocene (∼ 1,800-3,000 years before present) linked to climate change, and a more recent bottleneck, associated with logging of forests during the early 1900s. This study highlights the effects of climate change and human activities on an endangered species associated with the naturally fragmented forests of eastern South Africa. These results will aid conservation authorities with the planning and implementation of future conservation initiatives. In particular, this study emphasises the Eastern Cape mistbelt forests as an important source population for the species and calls for stronger conservation of forest patches in South Africa to promote connectivity of forest taxa.

scholarly journals Dung beetle‐megafauna trophic networks in Singapore’s fragmented forests

Biotropica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 818-824
Author(s):  
Xin Rui Ong ◽  
Eleanor M. Slade ◽  
Matthew L. M. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Trophic Networks ◽  
Fragmented Forests

Habitat Use by Black Rat Snakes (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta) in Fragmented Forests

Ecology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 2882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Blouin-Demers ◽  
Patrick J. Weatherhead
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Elaphe Obsoleta ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Black Rat Snakes ◽  
Fragmented Forests

scholarly journals Canopy structure drives orangutan habitat selection in disturbed Bornean forests

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (31) ◽  
pp. 8307-8312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Davies ◽  
Marc Ancrenaz ◽  
Felicity Oram ◽  
Gregory P. Asner
Keyword(s):  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Large Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Fragmented Forests

The conservation of charismatic and functionally important large species is becoming increasingly difficult. Anthropogenic pressures continue to squeeze available habitat and force animals into degraded and disturbed areas. Ensuring the long-term survival of these species requires a well-developed understanding of how animals use these new landscapes to inform conservation and habitat restoration efforts. We combined 3 y of highly detailed visual observations of Bornean orangutans with high-resolution airborne remote sensing (Light Detection and Ranging) to understand orangutan movement in disturbed and fragmented forests of Malaysian Borneo. Structural attributes of the upper forest canopy were the dominant determinant of orangutan movement among all age and sex classes, with orangutans more likely to move in directions of increased canopy closure, tall trees, and uniform height, as well as avoiding canopy gaps and moving toward emergent crowns. In contrast, canopy vertical complexity (canopy layering and shape) did not affect movement. Our results suggest that although orangutans do make use of disturbed forest, they select certain canopy attributes within these forests, indicating that not all disturbed or degraded forest is of equal value for the long-term sustainability of orangutan populations. Although the value of disturbed habitats needs to be recognized in conservation plans for wide-ranging, large-bodied species, minimal ecological requirements within these habitats also need to be understood and considered if long-term population viability is to be realized.

Gall wasps and their parasitoids in cork oak fragmented forests

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILLEM CHUST ◽  
LUCAS GARBIN ◽  
JULI PUJADE-VILLAR
Keyword(s):  
Cork Oak ◽  
Gall Wasps ◽  
Fragmented Forests
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