Self-reported drug use patterns for drug users presenting in emergency department

Aims:The relationship between immigration and drug abuse and its treatment is complex and poorly understood. The objective of this study is to gain insight into patterns of drug use and service access and how they are influenced by social factors and the migratory process in a population of foreign born drug users in Barcelona, Spain.Methods:An interview protocol was developed for the study which examined drug use patterns, social and health factors, and treatment, and was administered to 118 foreign born users in harm reduction centers. 92% were male and 8% were female. 42% were from Eastern Europe, 35% were from the Magreb, 14% from the European Community, 6% from Subsaharan Africa and 3% from Latin America.Results:With migration opium use decreased whereas cocaine, heroin, and speedball increased, which also constitute the primary drug used by this sample. Social support was correlated with greater consumption of heroin, cocaine, and alcohol, whereas lower social stress was predictive of higher cannabis use. Hard drug use was predicted by illegal status and a lack of stable housing. Acculturation and acclturative stress were not found to be related to substance use. Treatment was positively evaluated, with no perception of lower quality of care.Discussion:Drug use patterns shift with the migratory process, and, it would appear, adapt to the dominant local ones. The unexpecting findings regarding social factors and acculturation and acculturative stress may indicate differences in the Spanish drug use context, and as such warrant further research.

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Religious Correlates of Teenage Drug Use

Journal of Drug Issues ◽

10.1177/002204267500500205 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 129-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Benjamin F. McLuckie ◽

Margaret Zahn ◽

Robert A. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Drug Users ◽

School Attendance ◽

Parochial School ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Mixed Support ◽

Drug Use Patterns ◽

The One ◽

Relationship Of

This paper analyzes the relationship of religiosity and patterns of drug use among students in the seventh through the twelfth grades. Data were collected in a statewide questionnaire survey of more than 30,000 students. Hypotheses regarding the constraining influence of religion on drug use patterns received mixed support. On the one hand religiosity as measured by affiliation and by parochial school attendance did not uniformly constrain drug use. For example, while Catholics and Protestants were relatively low in current use, Jewish teenagers had the highest rate with nonaffiliates the second highest. Extent of involvement in religion (as measured by frequency of attendance), on the other hand, did seem constraining since nonattenders were more than twice as likely to be drug users as were regular weekly attenders. Data on these teenagers' evaluation of drug information sources is also presented. Here it was found that drug users tend to trust traditional sources of Information less than do nonusers and trust those with personal drug experience more than do nonusers. All students, however, whether drug users or not, tended to value information from those presumed to have technical knowledge about drugs, i.e., physicians and medical school professors. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are also explored.

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Incarceration and drug use patterns among a cohort of injection drug users

Addiction ◽

10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02387.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 104 (1) ◽

pp. 69-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Kora DeBeck ◽

Thomas Kerr ◽

Kathy Li ◽

M.-J. Milloy ◽

Julio Montaner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug Users ◽

Drug Users ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Drug Use Patterns

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Drug use patterns associated with risk of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive illicit drug users in a Canadian setting: a longitudinal analysis

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-015-0913-0 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Pouya Azar ◽

Evan Wood ◽

Paul Nguyen ◽

Maxo Luma ◽

Julio Montaner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Drug Use ◽

Longitudinal Analysis ◽

Drug Users ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Illicit Drug Users ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Drug Use Patterns ◽

Canadian Setting

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Differences in drug use patterns and HCV among African-American adult drug users

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.670 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 140 ◽

pp. e242

Author(s):

Nicole E. Whitehead ◽

Larry Keen ◽

R. Trenz ◽

J. Rose ◽

W.W. Latimer

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Drug Use ◽

Drug Users ◽

Use Patterns ◽

African American Adult ◽

American Adult ◽

Drug Use Patterns

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20 years of Portuguese drug policy - developments, challenges and the quest for human rights

Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy ◽

10.1186/s13011-021-00394-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ximene RÊGO ◽

Maria João OLIVEIRA ◽

Catarina LAMEIRA ◽

Olga S. CRUZ

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Drug Policy ◽

Drug Users ◽

Practical Application ◽

Local Data ◽

Public And Private ◽

Policy Model ◽

The Public ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Drug Use Patterns

AbstractPortugal decriminalized the public and private use, acquisition, and possession of all drugs in 2000; adopting an approach focused on public health rather than public-order priorities. Arguing that the Portuguese Drug Policy Model has not proven influential enough to emancipate drug use from the stigma that associates it either with crime or pathology, this article critically discusses the developments and current challenges the Portuguese drug policy confronts, namely the growing diversity of drug use patterns observed in Portugal as well as in Europe. To this end, international and national legal instruments concerning drugs and official local data were analysed. Despite encouraging results, conclusions indicate that these policies are marked by contradictions and ambiguities that have permeated its history since the very beginning, and modest ambitions, particularly regarding the implementation of harm reduction measures. Moreover, the polemical Supreme Court judgment that reestablished, in 2008, drug use as a crime when the quantities at play exceeded those required for an average individual’s use for 10 days, might have impacted the landscape of drug use penalization. The last decade saw an increase of punitiveness targeted at drug users, including criminal sentences of jail terms. We finish with some suggestions that could be employed in the practical application of drug policy.

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Injection Drug Users in the Midwest: An Epidemiologic Comparison of Drug Use Patterns in Four Ohio Cities

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs ◽

10.1080/02791072.1994.10472440 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 265-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Harvey A. Siegal ◽

Robert G. Carlson ◽

Jichuan Wang ◽

Russel S. Falck ◽

Richard C. Stephens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug Users ◽

Drug Users ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Drug Use Patterns

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Dermatologic Manifestations of Underlying Infectious Disease among Illicit Injection-Drug Users

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.2310/7750.2008.06165 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 71-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David Blondin ◽

Richard I. Crawford ◽

Thomas Kerr ◽

Ruth Zhang ◽

Mark W. Tyndall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Injection Drug Users ◽

Drug Users ◽

Oral Lesions ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Drug Use Patterns ◽

Self Reports ◽

Dermatologic Manifestations ◽

Bloodborne Infections

Background: Drug use patterns and serious bloodborne infections commonly have dermatologic manifestations among illicit injection-drug users (IDUs). Objective: To assess how self-reported skin conditions of IDUs may correlate with underlying infectious diseases after adjustment for drug use patterns. Methods: Prospective analysis of factors associated with self-reports of skin rashes, cellulitis, oral lesions, and lymphadenopathy obtained from 1,065 IDUs enrolled in a large cohort study. Variables potentially associated with each outcome were evaluated using multivariate generalized estimating equations. Results: In multivariate analyses, drug use patterns were associated with cellulitis, whereas human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and hepatitis C (HCV) were not. HCV infection was independently associated with skin rashes (odds ratio [OR] 1.85; 95% Cl 1.17–2.94). HIV infection was independently associated with lymphadenopathy (OR 2.00; 95% CI 1.52–2.63), skin rash (OR 2.12; 95% CI 1.57–2.86), and oral lesions (OR 14.95; 95% CI 9.41–23.76). Conclusions: Self-reports of IDUs, which could easily be obtained as part of a functional inquiry in a clinical setting, correlate with specific drug use patterns and underlying bloodborne infections.

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