A longitudinal investigation of the association between cannabis use and alcohol use among people living with HIV

People living with HIV (PLWH) have increased prevalence of comorbid conditions including insulin resistance and at-risk alcohol use. Circulating microRNAs (miRs) may serve as minimally invasive indicators of pathophysiological states. We aimed to identify whether alcohol modulates circulating miR associations with measures of glucose/insulin dynamics in PLWH. PLWH (N=96; 69.8% male) enrolled in the Alcohol & Metabolic Comorbidities in PLWH: Evidence-Driven Interventions (ALIVE-Ex) study were stratified into negative phosphatidylethanol (PEth<8ng/ml, N=42) and positive PEth (PEth≥8ng/ml, N=54) groups. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered, and total RNA was isolated from fasting plasma to determine absolute miR expression. Circulating miRs were selected based on their role in skeletal muscle (miR-133a, miR-206), pancreatic β-cell (miR-375), liver (miR-20a), and adipose tissue (miR-let-7b, miR-146a, miR-221) function. Correlation and multiple regression analyses between miR expression and adiponectin, 2h glucose, insulin, and C-peptide values were performed adjusting for BMI category, age, sex, and viral load. miR-133a was negatively associated with adiponectin (p=0.002) in the negative PEth group, and miR-20a was positively associated with 2h glucose (p=0.013) in the positive PEth group. Regression analyses combining miRs demonstrated that miR-133a (p<0.001) and miR-221 (p=0.010) together predicted adiponectin in the negative PEth group. miR-20a (p<0.001) and miR-375 (p=0.002) together predicted 2h glucose in the positive PEth group. Our results indicate that associations between miRs and measures of glucose/insulin dynamics differed between PEth groups suggesting that the pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to altered glucose homeostasis in PLWH are potentially modulated by alcohol use.

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‘What will it take’: addressing alcohol use among people living with HIV in South Africa

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462419862899 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (11) ◽

pp. 1049-1054 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K Sorsdahl ◽

NK Morojele ◽

CD Parry ◽

CT Kekwaletswe ◽

N Kitleli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Brief Intervention ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Hiv And Aids ◽

Hiv Care ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Screening And Brief Intervention ◽

Treatment Services ◽

Living With Hiv

Given that hazardous and harmful alcohol use has been identified as a significant barrier to adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South Africa, alcohol reduction interventions delivered within HIV treatment services are being investigated. Prior to designing and implementing an alcohol-focused screening and brief intervention (SBI), we explored patients’ perceptions of alcohol as a barrier to HIV treatment, the acceptability of providing SBIs for alcohol use within the context of HIV services and identifying potential barriers to patient uptake of this SBI. Four focus groups were conducted with 23 participants recruited from three HIV treatment sites in Tshwane, South Africa. Specific themes that emerged included: (1) barriers to ART adherence, (2) available services to address problematic alcohol use and (3) barriers and facilitators to delivering a brief intervention to address alcohol use within HIV care. Although all participants in the present study unanimously agreed that there was a great need for SBIs to address alcohol use among people living with HIV and AIDS, our study identified several areas that should be considered prior to implementing such a programme.

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Testing Mindful Awareness as a Moderator in the Association Between HIV-Related Stress and Drug and Alcohol Use Problems Among People Living with HIV

Mindfulness ◽

10.1007/s12671-020-01315-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1159-1169

Author(s):

K. Marie Sizemore ◽

Steven Samrock ◽

Shannon Gray ◽

David Marcotte ◽

H. Jonathon Rendina

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Mindful Awareness ◽

Drug And Alcohol Use ◽

Related Stress ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Drug And Alcohol

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Daily and near-daily cannabis use is associated with HIV viral load suppression in people living with HIV who use cocaine

AIDS Care ◽

10.1080/09540121.2020.1799922 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Deepika E. Slawek ◽

Julia Arnsten ◽

Nancy Sohler ◽

Chenshu Zhang ◽

Robert Grossberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Viral Load Suppression ◽

Hiv Viral Load ◽

Living With Hiv

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Gender Differences in the Association of Hazardous Alcohol Use with Hypertension in an Urban Cohort of People Living with HIV in South Florida

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0113122 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. e113122 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

María José Míguez-Burbano ◽

Clery Quiros ◽

John E. Lewis ◽

Luis Espinoza ◽

Robert Cook ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

South Florida ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽

Hazardous Alcohol ◽

Living With Hiv

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A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Alcohol Use Disorders and Its determinants in People Living with HIV in Africa: A Continent based Review and Meta-analysis study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22440/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mogesie Necho ◽

Asmare Belete ◽

Yibeltal Getachew

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Sample Size ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Routine Practice ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS contributes to decreased adherence and effectiveness of antiretroviral medication, decreased help-seeking to HIV/AIDS care and treatment, increased load of the virus in the blood, and development of drug-resistant HIV strains. This study therefore aimed and assessed the pooled evidence on prevalence and associated factors of alcohol use disorder in retroviral infected patients in Africa. Methods We implemented our electronic data base search on PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Psych-INFO libraries. In addition, WHO websites and Google scholar were also investigated for grey literatures. Moreover, we further investigated the reference lists of published articles. Stata-11meta-prop package with 95% confidence interval was used. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were also performed. Cochran's Q- and the I2 test were used to check heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated with Egger's test and funnel plots. Results In this meta-analysis, we included 22 studies with a total of 16774 patients and the pooled prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 22.03%( 95% CI: 17.18, 28.67). The average prevalence of AUD in South Africa (28.77%) was higher than in Uganda (16.61%) and Nigeria (22.8%). Besides, the average prevalence of AUD in studies published before 2011, 2011–2015, and after 2015 was found to be 13.47%, 24.93% and 22.88% respectively. Moreover, the pooled magnitude of AUD among studies which utilized a sample size > 450 was 16.71% whereas it was 26.46% among studies that utilized sample size < 450. Furthermore, the pooled estimated prevalence of hazardous, harmful and dependent drinking was 10.87%, 8.1%, and 3.12% respectively. Being male was an associated factor for alcohol use disorder (AOR = 5.5%; 95% CI: 1.10, 9.98). Moreover, the average odds ratio of cigarette smoking and chat chewing were found to be 3.95% (95% CI: 3.00, 4.89) and 3.34% (95% CI: 1.71, 4.96) respectively. Conclusion The average estimated prevalence of AUD in HIV/AIDs patients was high and factors such as being Male, cigarette smoking and chat chewing were associated with it. Early detection and appropriate management of AUD and the mentioned associated factors have to be a routine practice.

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Factors Associated With Alcohol Use Disorder Among People Living With HIV/AIDS Attending Art Clinic, Mizan Tep University Teaching Hospital, South West Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.11097/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Bereket Beyene Gebre

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

University Teaching ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Khat Chewing ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Abstract Objective: To assess the magnitude of alcohol use and factors among HIV/AIDS positive adults visiting ART clinic at Mizan Tep university Teaching Hospital (MTUTH), Southern Ethiopia from October 2017 to December 2017. Result: A total of 332 participants were enrolled in the study with the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) of 18.4%. Factors associated with alcohol use disorder were sex AOR=3.48 (95%CI: 1.27, 9.59), cigarette smoking AOR=5.12(95%CI:4.02,8.61), “Khat” chewing AOR=3.23(95%CI: 2.06,6.89),and CD4 count of 0-200 AOR = 19.49 (95% CI:1.74 ,218.4). Key words:-Magnitude, Alcohol use disorder, factors.

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