Effects of bemiparin on airway responses to antigen in sensitized Brown–Norway rats

We examined the effects of elastase-induced emphysema on lung volumes, pulmonary mechanics, and airway responses to inhaled methacholine (MCh) of nine male Brown Norway rats. Measurements were made before and weekly for 4 wk after elastase in five rats. In four rats measurements were made before and at 3 wk after elastase; in these same animals the effects of changes in end-expiratory lung volume on the airway responses to MCh were evaluated before and after elastase. Airway responses were determined from peak pulmonary resistance (RL) calculated after 30-s aerosolizations of saline and doubling concentrations of MCh from 1 to 64 mg/ml. Porcine pancreatic elastase (1 IU/g) was administered intratracheally. Before elastase RL rose from 0.20 +/- 0.02 cmH2O.ml-1.s (mean +/- SE; n = 9) to 0.57 +/- 0.06 after MCh (64 mg/ml). A plateau was observed in the concentration-response curve. Static compliance and the maximum increase in RL (delta RL64) were significantly correlated (r = 0.799, P less than 0.01). Three weeks after elastase the maximal airway response to MCh was enhanced and no plateau was observed; delta RL64 was 0.78 +/- 0.07 cmH2O.ml-1.s, significantly higher than control delta RL64 (0.36 +/- 0.7, P less than 0.05). Before elastase, increase of end-expiratory lung volume to functional residual capacity + 1.56 ml (+/- 0.08 ml) significantly reduced RL at 64 mg MCh/ml from 0.62 +/- 0.05 cmH2O.ml-1.s to 0.50 +/- 0.03, P less than 0.05.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Asthmalike biphasic airway responses in Brown Norway rats sensitized by dermal exposure to dry trimellitic anhydride powder☆

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.jaci.2003.11.047 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 113 (2) ◽

pp. 320-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Xing-Dong Zhang ◽

Jeffrey S Fedan ◽

Daniel M Lewis ◽

Paul D Siegel

Keyword(s):

Dermal Exposure ◽

Brown Norway ◽

Trimellitic Anhydride ◽

Airway Responses ◽

Norway Rats

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Airway Responses in Brown Norway Rats Following Inhalation Sensitization and Challenge with Trimellitic Anhydride

Toxicological Sciences ◽

10.1093/toxsci/kfl107 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 322-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

X.-D. Zhang ◽

M. E. Andrew ◽

A. F. Hubbs ◽

P. D. Siegel

Keyword(s):

Brown Norway ◽

Trimellitic Anhydride ◽

Airway Responses ◽

Norway Rats

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Methacholine-induced pulmonary gas trapping in guinea pigs, hamsters, mice, and rats

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1995.79.6.2148 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 79 (6) ◽

pp. 2148-2153 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

P. W. Stengel ◽

C. A. Yiamouyiannis ◽

R. L. Obenchain ◽

S. L. Cockerham ◽

S. A. Silbaugh

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Airway Obstruction ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Brown Norway ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Fischer 344 ◽

Gas Trapping ◽

Airway Responses ◽

Norway Rats

Postmortem pulmonary gas trapping was investigated as an index of in vivo airway obstruction following methacholine inhalation in four different rodent species. Male guinea pigs (Hartley), hamsters (golden Syrian), mice (A/J, BALB/c, and ICR), and rats (Brown-Norway, Fischer 344, Lewis, and Sprague-Dawley) were exposed to aerosols of methacholine or sodium chloride. Maximum excised lung gas volumes (ELGV) of methacholine-exposed guinea pigs, hamsters, mice, and rats were 2.3–8.7 times those of sodium chloride-treated animals. Mean ELGV values of sodium chloride-exposed animals ranged from 1.50 +/- 0.20 ml/kg for guinea pigs to 2.75 +/- 0.20 ml/kg for Brown-Norway rats. Although all species responded to methacholine, guinea pigs were the most responsive, with approximately 1.6 microgram/kg of inhaled methacholine needed to increase ELGV to 200% of control. Compared with guinea pigs, hamsters, mice, and rats were 11- to 1,395-fold less responsive. Although hamsters, mice, and rats are less sensitive than guinea pigs to the airway-obstructive effects of methacholine, pulmonary gas trapping appears useful as a measure of airway responses in these species.

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