Analyzing the ambitions of renewable energy policy in the EU and its Member States

Energy Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 112447
Author(s):  
Sebastian Strunz ◽  
Paul Lehmann ◽  
Erik Gawel
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Renewable Energy Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals Legal Regulations and the Perspectives of Renewable Energy Policy in Selected EU Member States

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (3) ◽  
pp. 216-228
Author(s):  
Eleonóra Marišová ◽  
Ján Gaduš ◽  
Martin Mariš ◽  
Agnieszka Parlińska
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Renewable Energy Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States

Does renewable energy policy increase energy intensity? Evidence from the ECOWAS region

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maman Ali M. Moustapha ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Benjamin Adjei Danqauh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Access Path ◽  
Electricity Access ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess how the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) renewable energy policy (EREP) affects energy intensity using the difference-in-difference (DID) and the propensity score matching methods (PSM). Based on the current debates on renewable energy policies (REP) and due to the fact that energy efficiency has been a challenge for ECOWAS member states. The authors set up a framework to assess the EREP effect on energy intensity. Design/methodology/approach Using the DID and PSM approaches the paper assesses the effect of EREP on energy intensity. The following three different paths are considered: Path 1 tests the EREP effect on electricity access. Path 2 tests the use of renewable energy sources as a factor to enhance the energy intensity. Path 3 tests whether or not use of renewable energy deployment has the potential to raise the total percentage of primary energy supply. The principle is to investigate if and to what extend the EREP increases the energy intensity. Findings The results indicate that EREP has a significantly positive effect on increasing the percentage of energy intensity in ECOWAS member states that has implemented the policy, resulting for a large percentage of the population to electricity access in treated groups. Empirical estimation results largely corroborate the three paths’ hypotheses. The result indicated that the EREP has increased the percentage of electricity access throughout the region. Originality/value The paper explores a more appropriate framework to examine the effect of EREP and enriches the literature on the impact of REP by combining a policy evaluation approach (PSM-DID) method. This paper is the first to the knowledge to estimate the EREP effect by using a non-parametric approach. The majority of previous studies have focused on using case studies, exploratory analysis approaches and econometric methods.

scholarly journals The European Energy Policy for 2020–2030 RED II: what future for vegetable oil as a source of bioenergy?

OCL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Philippe Dusser
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Renewable Energy Policy ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Eu Commission ◽  
The Eu

The support for vegetable oils biodiesel is defined by the Renewable Energy Directive (RED). After three years of negotiations, RED II (recast of the 2010–2020 RED I) has been adopted and published in December 2018. RED II sets the framework for the EU renewable energy policy for 2021–2030. Although RED II gives a priority to advanced biofuels and electricity in transport with specific targets and multipliers. For crop-based biofuels as vegetable oil biodiesel, RED II offers the possibility to preserve the current investments by giving the Member States the possibility to cap their consumption at the national 2020 consumption level (plus 1%) with maximum of 7%. With the idea to cut the link of crop-based biofuels with deforestation, a change of approach on the ILUC issue is introduced by RED II with the definition of “high ILUC-risk feedstocks with a significant expansion on land with high carbon stocks”. The high ILUC-risk feedstocks will be capped in each Member State at the 2019 level until 2023, and then progressively eliminated by 2030. An exemption from these constraints is provided for to low ILUC-risk feedstocks not linked to deforestation – direct or indirect – and identified by a certification granted to additional feedstocks produced either through productivity improvements or from cultivation on abandoned or degraded land. An Implementing Act will further detail by 2021 the conditions of the low ILUC-risk certification. In a Delegated Act published in March 2019, the EU Commission classified the palm oil as the sole high ILUC-risk feedstock with more than 40% expansion on high carbon stock land (vs. 8% for soybean) on the base of the current available data. Nevertheless, there is a certain uncertainty on the final use of palm oil in bioenergy, as the details of the certification of low ILUC-risk feedstocks are unknown before the publication of the Implementing Act (2021), and as the Delegated Act himself will be reviewed in 2021 and 2023.

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