scholarly journals The Impact of the EU Energy Policy on Member States’ Legal Orders: State of Art and Perspectives of Renewable Energy in Italy and Great Britain

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Feliziani
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Energy Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
The Eu

EU Energy Plan faces two-year uphill battle

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Policy ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Energy Union ◽  
Long Line ◽  
Eu Energy Policy ◽  
Energy Diplomacy ◽  
The Eu

Significance The proposals are the latest in a long line of attempts to establish a more integrated approach to energy policy within the EU and greater coordination of energy diplomacy with the rest of the world. The latest scheme, conceived against the background of deteriorating relations with Russia and amid fears for the bloc's energy security, originated in calls from former Polish Prime Minister (now President of the European Council) Donald Tusk for the EU to act collectively to boost its indigenous energy resources and negotiate collectively with energy exporters. Impacts The Energy Union could help to enhance EU energy policy and diplomacy but stops well short of centralising energy policy decisions. It is unclear how far member states will be willing to delegate responsibilities in areas such as market regulation and energy diplomacy. It is uncertain how far the Commission will be prepared to use enforcement powers where member states fail to meet existing commitments.

scholarly journals Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy Sources in Poland as a Part of Commitment to the Polish and EU Energy Policy

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4261
Author(s):  
Józef Paska ◽  
Tomasz Surma ◽  
Paweł Terlikowski ◽  
Krzysztof Zagrajek
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Current State ◽  
Eu Energy Policy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this paper is to present the state of development of renewable energy sources (RES) in Poland in accordance with the obligations of European Union energy policy. The EU Member States are obliged to adopt different support mechanisms for the development of renewable energy sources, and in consequence to achieve their Directive’s targets. Poland, being a Member State of the EU since 2004, has accepted a target of a 15% share of energy generated from renewable energy sources in final energy consumption, including 19.3% from renewable electricity until 2020. Due to the difficulties with target achievement, the authors found it reasonable to analyze the challenge of RES development in Poland. The article presents energy policy in the EU, as well as the review of measures implemented for renewable energy development. The current state of and perspectives on using renewable energy sources in Poland and in the EU are also depicted. In the article, the authors analyze the relation between reference prices at dedicated RES auctions in Poland and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). The paper also provides a description of the renewable energy sources’ development in three areas: electricity, heat and transport biofuels. Its main content, though, refers to the generation of electricity from renewable energy sources.

THE CHALLENGES FOR THE BIOFUELS SECTOR IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EU CLIMATE AND ENERGY POLICY

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Gradziuk ◽  
Błażej Jendrzejewski
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Climate And Energy Policy ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this study was to assessment of the impact of EU climate and energy policy changes on the biofuels sector. The research was carried out on the basis of the reports of the Ministry of Energy, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the Energy Regulatory Office, the Central Statistical Office of Poland, the EU Commission, the International Renewable Energy Agency and the International Energy Agency. Tabular and descriptive methods were used. Analyzes covered the years 2007-2015 with perspective until 2030. The analyzes show that realization of assumed obligations in relation to the minimum share of renewable energy used by transportation according to the directive 2009/28/WE of 23 February 2017 may be difficult to be achieve within the proposed deadlines. Currently existing advanced biofuel installations are mainly small prototype devices. Commercialization of those installations would pose a number of threats which could make impossible to reach the assumed production capacity.

scholarly journals Conceptual and Institutional Aspects of EU Energy Policy (1990-2014)

2015 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Y. V. Borovskiy ◽  
K. V. Trachuk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Policy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Eu Energy Policy ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
Energy Community ◽  
The Eu

Ideological and institutional framework of the European energy policy, which is still work in progress, is crucial to the EU as it faces new political and economic challenges related to the recent Ukrainian crisis. Even if key energy policy issues are still decided by member states as the EU only seeks to speak with one voice in energy matters externally, much progress has been made over the last two decades in terms of the EU's energy policy formulation and institutional development. The Lisbon Treaty made the energy policy a sphere of "shared competence" of EU institutions and member states. The European Commission's numerous policy documents ("White" and "Green books" 1995, 2000 and 2006) provided a basis for the development of an integrated energy market. Substantial progress has been achieved in the area of energy policy harmonization between the EU and neighboring countries (Energy Charter Treaty, European Energy Community). The Union's key energy policy areas also included supply diversification (trans-European energy networks), development of unconventional energy production, climate change and energy efficiency. Over the last decade climate changes has become a cornerstone of EU energy policy and is regarded by the EU as key to moderating energy demand and reducing import dependency.

Does renewable energy policy increase energy intensity? Evidence from the ECOWAS region

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maman Ali M. Moustapha ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Benjamin Adjei Danqauh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Access Path ◽  
Electricity Access ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess how the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) renewable energy policy (EREP) affects energy intensity using the difference-in-difference (DID) and the propensity score matching methods (PSM). Based on the current debates on renewable energy policies (REP) and due to the fact that energy efficiency has been a challenge for ECOWAS member states. The authors set up a framework to assess the EREP effect on energy intensity. Design/methodology/approach Using the DID and PSM approaches the paper assesses the effect of EREP on energy intensity. The following three different paths are considered: Path 1 tests the EREP effect on electricity access. Path 2 tests the use of renewable energy sources as a factor to enhance the energy intensity. Path 3 tests whether or not use of renewable energy deployment has the potential to raise the total percentage of primary energy supply. The principle is to investigate if and to what extend the EREP increases the energy intensity. Findings The results indicate that EREP has a significantly positive effect on increasing the percentage of energy intensity in ECOWAS member states that has implemented the policy, resulting for a large percentage of the population to electricity access in treated groups. Empirical estimation results largely corroborate the three paths’ hypotheses. The result indicated that the EREP has increased the percentage of electricity access throughout the region. Originality/value The paper explores a more appropriate framework to examine the effect of EREP and enriches the literature on the impact of REP by combining a policy evaluation approach (PSM-DID) method. This paper is the first to the knowledge to estimate the EREP effect by using a non-parametric approach. The majority of previous studies have focused on using case studies, exploratory analysis approaches and econometric methods.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development and Energy Policy: Actual CO2 Emissions in the European Union in the Years 1997–2017, Considering Trade with China and the USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Fortuński
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Eu Energy Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

One of the ways of implementing the concept of sustainable development by the European Union is their energy policy. Among the three main objectives in its energy policy is a reduction in greenhouse gases (mainly CO2) emissions to at least 20% below 1990 levels by 2020. This study aims to assess the impact of international trade on actual CO2 emission in the EU, China and the USA for the period 1997–2017. For this aim, the Actual-Open CO2 emissions were calculated, taking into account the transfer of CO2 in exported products and services from China and the USA to the EU and vice versa. It is concluded that the actual CO2 emissions in China, the USA, and the EU differed from the traditionally calculated emissions. This has serious consequences for policy, as the factual level of implementation of the EU energy policy goals may be different from what is assumed. Without including the goals of energy policy into trade policy, the effectiveness of measures may be limited. This also has implications for the effectiveness of environmental management systems. When improvements rely on increasing trade with large CO2 emitting countries, the final effect may be opposed to the assumed effect.

Analyzing the ambitions of renewable energy policy in the EU and its Member States

Energy Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 112447
Author(s):  
Sebastian Strunz ◽  
Paul Lehmann ◽  
Erik Gawel
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Renewable Energy Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Eu

EU Energy Policy on Shale Gas and Other Unconventional Fossil Fuels

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
I. Pashkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Eu Energy Policy ◽  
The Eu

The article presents a study of the EU energy policy regarding the exploration and production of shale gas and other unconventional fossil fuels using high-volume hydraulic fracturing, which the European Commission has developed since 2011. The author gives answers to the following questions: what are the factors making it inevitable for the EU to work out special energy policy in this sphere, and what is the essence of this policy; what the European Commission considers to be positive results of the EU energy development; what is the energy-related sore point of the EU economy? The European Commission activity for constructing the basis of the EU energy policy in the above-mentioned sphere was provoked and stimulated by the shale gas revolution – spectacular success of the USA and a number of countries, which followed them, in enhancing their national energy security due to the implementation of advanced technologies in shale gas exploration and extraction. In 2012–2013, the European Commission hold an online public consultation “Unconventional Fossil Fuels (e.g. Shale Gas) in Europe” which addressed relevant stakeholders representing oil and gas industry, national and local authorities, environmentalists, geologists, scientists, experts in industrial risks, and was aimed at taking account of their concerns and views on the shale gas production in the EU Member States in its upcoming work. According to the consultation results, a large majority of all respondents share the view that «the EU should take some action: "doing nothing" was the least favored option, ... and… there are important information needs associated with unconventional fossil fuels exploration and extraction, and… potential challenges should be addressed with appropriate measures». In 2014, the European Commission, stimulated by the support of public at large, activated its efforts and presented initiatives laying down the foundations of the EU energy policy in the sphere of shale gas and other unconventional fossil fuels exploration and production in the EU Member States.

The impact of Brexit on the voting power in the Council of the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 95-117
Author(s):  
Marcin Kleinowski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Voting Power ◽  
Qualified Majority ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The article analyses the potential impact of Brexit on the voting power of member states and indirect voting power of EU residents in the Council, in the case of adopting decisions by the qualified majority of votes. The leading hypothesis of the paper assumes that the fact of leaving the EU by Great Britain leads to another transfer of voting power to the benefit of five countries with the largest populations. The aim of the paper is also to determine to what extent the indirect voting power of residents from individual member states is equal. The obtained results indicate that a flow of voting power towards the five member states with the largest populations will be a consequence of Brexit.

scholarly journals Europeanization Processes of the EU Energy Policy in Visegrad Countries in the Years 2005–2018

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1802
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wach ◽  
Agnieszka Głodowska ◽  
Marek Maciejewski ◽  
Marek Sieja
Keyword(s):  
Energy Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Eu Energy Policy ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
Visegrád Countries ◽  
The Eu

Energy issues are sensitive for the four Visegrad countries as European Union (EU) member states; thus, this area’s convergence might be problematic for these countries. There is a clear research gap concerning the processes of Europeanization of the energy policy in the Visegrad countries. This article aims to identify and evaluate the progress of four Visegrad countries (V4) in implementing the EU energy goals in the context of the Europeanization. The article uses three main methods: Hellwig’s method, Kendall’s rank concordance coefficient, and k-means clustering. These calculations will allow one to study the Europeanization processes, which means checking the gamma convergence. For calculations, we use the available statistical data from Eurostat for the years 2005–2018. Poland and other Central European countries, including Czechia, and Hungary, largely depend on coal for their energy needs. The empirical results have shown that there have been no significant changes in the classification of EU countries in terms of their fulfillment of the EU climate and energy targets in the analyzed period. This is the case in all EU member states, including the Visegrad Group countries, but except for Poland. This means that the level of Europeanization of the energy policy and its effectiveness is similar in all member states except for Poland, which is becoming a kind of the exception. Throughout the investigating period, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia were close to meeting the set targets and could be rated high compared to the EU countries. Poland, especially since 2015, has been noticeably and increasingly distanced from the other V4 countries. It can be perceived as a gradual drift away from Europeanization of the EU climate and energy policy in Poland.

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