Seasonal maintenance of leaf level carbon balance facilitated by thermal acclimation of leaf respiration but not photosynthesis in three angiosperm species

2022 ◽  
pp. 104781
Author(s):  
Hang Han ◽  
Han Yang ◽  
Xinyan Ma ◽  
Jinchao Feng ◽  
Ximeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Leaf Respiration ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Angiosperm Species

Thermal acclimation of leaf respiration of tropical trees and lianas: response to experimental canopy warming, and consequences for tropical forest carbon balance

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2915-2926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn Slot ◽  
Camilo Rey-Sánchez ◽  
Stefan Gerber ◽  
Jeremy W. Lichstein ◽  
Klaus Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Tropical Trees ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Leaf Respiration

Thermal acclimation of leaf respiration varies between legume and non-legume herbaceous

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Peng ◽  
Chang Gyo Jung ◽  
Lifen Jiang ◽  
Xian Xue ◽  
Yiqi Luo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Leaf Respiration

Does forest growth acceleration lead to denser stands? Insights from Swiss forests and mechanistic modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marques ◽  
Ensheng Weng ◽  
Harald Bugmann ◽  
David I. Forrester ◽  
Martina Hobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Carbon Sinks ◽  
Terrestrial Carbon ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Use Efficiency

<p>Forest demographic processes - growth, recruitment and mortality - are being altered by global change. The changing balance between growth and mortality strongly influences forest dynamics and the carbon balance. Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (eCO<sub>2</sub>) has been reported to enhance photosynthesis and tree growth rates by increasing both light-use efficiency (LUE) and water-use efficiency (WUE). Tree growth enhancement could be translated into an increase in biomass stocks or could be associated with a reduction in the longevity of trees, thus reducing the ability of forest ecosystems to act as carbon sinks over long timescales. These links between growth and mortality, and the implications for forest stand density and self-thinning relationships are still debated. Scarce empirical evidence exists for how changing drivers affect tree mortality due to existing data and modelling limitations. Understanding the causes of observed mortality trends and the mechanisms underlying these processes is critical for accurate projections of global terrestrial carbon storage and its feedbacks to anthropogenic climate change.</p><p>Here, we combine a mechanistic model with empirical forest data to better understand the causes of changes in tree mortality and the implications for past and future trends in forest tree density. Specifically, we test the Grow-Fast-Die-Young hypothesis to investigate if a leaf-level CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization effect may lead to an increase in the biomass stock in forest stands. We use a novel vegetation demography model (LM3-PPA) which includes vegetation dynamics with biogeochemical processes allowing for explicit representation of individuals and a mechanistic treatment of tree mortality. The key links between leaf-level assimilation and stand dynamics depend on the carbon turnover time. In this sense, we investigate alternative mortality assumptions about the functional dependence of mortality on tree size, tree carbon balance or growth rate. These formulations represent typical approaches to simulate mortality in mechanistic forest models. Model simulations show that increasing photosynthetic LUE leads to higher biomass stocks, with contrasting behavior among mortality assumptions. Empirical data from Swiss forest inventories support the results from the model simulations showing a shift upwards in the self-thinning relationships, with denser stands and bigger trees. This data-supported mortality-modelling helps to identify links between forest responses and environmental changes at the leaf, tree and stand levels and yields new insight into the causes of currently observed terrestrial carbon sinks and future responses.</p>

Weak co-ordination between vein and stomatal densities in 105 angiosperm tree species along altitudinal gradients in Southwest China

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Li Zhao ◽  
Ya-Jun Chen ◽  
Timothy J. Brodribb ◽  
Kun-Fang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Vein Density ◽  
Tropical Montane Forests ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Angiosperm Species ◽  
Stomatal Length

Leaf-level water balance, as revealed by a correlation between stomatal density (SD) and vein density (VD), has been reported in some plants. However, the generality of this correlation and how it may be affected by altitude changes are unclear. Here, we investigated whether this balance is maintained across tree species of diverse families along a large altitudinal gradient. We measured leaf area (LA), SD, stomata length (SL), and VD in 105 angiosperm species across two altitudinal ranges, 800–1400 m above sea level (a.s.l.) in tropical montane forests (TMF) and 2000–2600 m a.s.l. in subtropical montane forests (SMF) in Yunnan, South-west China. The average SD was independent of altitude in both regions. Similarly, the average VD within either SMF or TMF was also not significantly different. However, overall, TMF had significantly larger VD and LA but smaller SL than SMF. Vein density was positively correlated with SD across SMF species, with a weaker correlation for TMF species and all species combined. Stomatal length was negatively correlated with SD and VD across all species. Our results extend the leaf water balance theory to diverse angiosperm tree species, and indicate decoupled adaptation of SD and VD in these species along a large altitudinal gradient.

scholarly journals Global convergence in leaf respiration from estimates of thermal acclimation across time and space

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (4) ◽  
pp. 1026-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Vanderwel ◽  
Martijn Slot ◽  
Jeremy W. Lichstein ◽  
Peter B. Reich ◽  
Jens Kattge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Convergence ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Leaf Respiration

scholarly journals Thermal acclimation of leaf respiration but not photosynthesis in Populus deltoides × nigra

2008 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Fern Ow ◽  
Kevin L. Griffin ◽  
David Whitehead ◽  
Adrian S. Walcroft ◽  
Matthew H. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Leaf Respiration

scholarly journals Thermal acclimation of leaf respiration consistent with optimal plant function

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Wang ◽  
Owen K. Atkin ◽  
Trevor F. Keenan ◽  
Nicholas Smith ◽  
Ian J. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Leaf Respiration

Live fast-die young: Scaling CO​2 fertilization effects from leaf to ecosystem levels

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marques ◽  
Ensheng Weng ◽  
Benjamin Stocker
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Competition For Light

<p>Global environmental changes are rapidly altering the functioning and structure of terrestrial ecosystems.Particularly, rising CO<sub>2</sub> atmospheric concentrations have been reported to increase photosynthesis by increasing carbon assimilation and water-use efficiency. This leaf-level CO<sub>2 </sub>fertilization effect may lead to an increase in the biomass stock in forest stands. However, previous studies argued that an enhanced tree growth rate is associated with a reduction in the longevity of trees, thus reducing the ability of forest biomass to act as carbon sinks over long timescales. In addition, faster growth may lead to an acceleration of self-thinning whereby tree density in the stand is reduced due to progressive mutual shading as tree crowns expand and a resulting increase in shaded individuals’ mortality. Nevertheless, previous results relied on empirical relationships between tree growth rates and longevity, without considering any positive effects of elevated CO​<sub>2 </sub>on individual tree’s carbon balance. Individual-based forest datasets such as tree ring width data and forests inventories have been widely used to monitor long-term changes in forest demography. Yet, the mechanistic underlying these processes remains poorly understood and challenges persist in upscaling from individual measurements to higher level of organization.</p><p>Here, we use a vegetation demography model (LM3-PPA) which simulates vegetation dynamics and biogeochemical processes by explicitly scaling from leaf up to ecosystem level by resolving leaf-level physiology, growth, and height-structured competition for light, using the perfect plasticity approximation (PPA). Using this simulation model, we investigate the links between individual trees’ carbon balance under rising CO<sub>2 </sub>levels, their longevity under alternative mortality parametrizations, and the implications for forest dynamics and self-thinning rates. Inventory data from long-term forest reserves is used to assess empirical support for these simulated links. Specifically, we test the hypothesis of <em>faster growth-earlier death</em> in order to assess forests’ capacity to store carbon under environmental changes. This provides key mechanistic insights to reveal whether increased CO<sub>2 </sub>fertilization on leaf-level photosynthesis positively affects tree’s C balance and thereby reduces the mortality under competition for light in the canopy.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Does growth irradiance affect temperature dependence and thermal acclimation of leaf respiration? Insights from a Mediterranean tree with long-lived leaves

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 820-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOANA ZARAGOZA-CASTELLS ◽  
DAVID SÁNCHEZ-GÓMEZ ◽  
FERNANDO VALLADARES ◽  
VAUGHAN HURRY ◽  
OWEN K. ATKIN
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Leaf Respiration ◽  
Growth Irradiance
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