In a virtual Manufacturing Enterprise (VME), the manufacturing and software resources are geographically distributed and communicate electronically using mediums such as the Internet. In such a context, there is a need to explore the design of distributive computing frameworks for the realization of VMEs. In this paper, 2 frameworks are discussed which are based on a mobile agent paradigm and the notion of a ‘semantic web’ respectively. In this paper, the first segment explores the design of such a mobile agent framework to support process planning and manufacturing activities; in the second segment of this paper, the creation of preliminary software modules as part of a ‘mini’ semantic web is described; the use of such a ‘semantic web’ based framework provides a new dimensionality of ‘meaning’, thereby enabling better cooperation and interaction between machines and humans.