The specificity of clinical characteristics in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a comparison with patients with borderline personality disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Dowson ◽  
A. McLean ◽  
E. Bazanis ◽  
B. Toone ◽  
S. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

AbstractCharacteristics of DSM-IV attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults can also be found as part of other psychiatric disorders. This study investigated the specificity of adult ADHD features in relation to patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), a syndrome which shares some of its intrinsic features with ADHD and often co-occurs with ADHD. A group of 20 adult patients selected on the basis of a diagnosis of ADHD and 20 patients selected on the basis of a diagnosis of BPD were assessed by the self-report Attention Deficit Scales for Adults (ADSA). The two groups were matched for age, verbal IQ and gender. Of the nine ADSA scales, seven showed significant inter-group differences, in particular involving attention, organisation and persistence. The ‘Consistency/Long-Term’ scale, which mainly reflects impaired task and goal persistence, was the best discriminator between the groups. Furthermore, ratings on this scale correlated significantly with the error score of a computer-administered task of spatial working memory, the performance of which has been reported to be impaired in patients with ADHD. The results provide further validation for the ADSA scales and support a previous claim that ‘long-term consistencies’, i.e., related to task and goal persistence, is ‘the centrepiece behavioural issue’ for adults with ADHD.

A Comparison of Self-Reported Emotional Regulation Skills in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1396-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marialuisa Cavelti ◽  
Salvatore Corbisiero ◽  
Hannes Bitto ◽  
Beatrice Moerstedt ◽  
Patricia Newark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective: Emotion dysregulation has been described as a central feature of both borderline personality disorder (BPD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The current study aims to compare emotion regulation among ADHD, BPD, and healthy controls (HC). Method: Eighty adults with ADHD, 55 with BPD, and 55 HC completed self-report assessments of ADHD and BPD symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and emotion regulation skills. Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted on the emotion regulation items, followed by multivariate analyses of group differences in emotion regulation. Results: PCA yielded four components: “Being Aware of Emotions,” “Making Sense of Emotions,” “Modifying and Accepting Emotions,” and “Confronting Emotions With Self-Encouragement.” The last component best distinguished the two patient groups from the HC. No differences were found between adults with ADHD and BPD. Conclusion: Adults with ADHD and BPD report comparable difficulties in encouraging oneself to attend inner aversive experiences, without engaging in impulsive behavior.

scholarly journals Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder as a potentially aggravating factor in borderline personality disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Philipsen ◽  
Matthias F. Limberger ◽  
Klaus Lieb ◽  
Bernd Feige ◽  
Nikolaus Kleindienst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Axis I

BackgroundClinical experience suggests that people with borderline personality disorder often meet criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, empirical data are sparse.AimsTo establish the prevalence of childhood and adult ADHD in a group of women with borderline personality disorder and to investigate the psychopathology and childhood experiences of those with and without ADHD.MethodWe assessed women seeking treatment for borderline personality disorder (n=118) for childhood and adult ADHD, co-occurring Axis I and Axis II disorders, severity of borderline symptomatology and traumatic childhood experiences.ResultsChildhood (41.5%) and adult (16.1%) ADHD prevalence was high. Childhood ADHD was associated with emotional abuse in childhood and greater severity of adult borderline symptoms. Adult ADHD was associated with greater risk for co-occurring Axis I and II disorders.ConclusionsAdults with severe borderline personality disorder frequently show a history of childhood ADHD symptomatology. Persisting ADHD correlates with frequency of co-occurring Axis I and II disorders. Severity of borderline symptomatology in adulthood is associated with emotional abuse in childhood. Further studies are needed to differentiate any potential causal relationship between ADHD and borderline personality disorder.

scholarly journals Physical exercise in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder – evidence and implications for the treatment of borderline personality disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Mehren ◽  
Markus Reichert ◽  
David Coghill ◽  
Helge H. O. Müller ◽  
Niclas Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Positive Effects

AbstractA growing body of literature indicates a potential role for physical exercise in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Suggested effects include the reduction of ADHD core symptoms as well as improvements in executive functions. In the current review, we provide a short overview on the neurophysiological mechanisms assumed to underlie the beneficial effects of exercise. Further, we review the current evidence from experimental studies regarding both acute exercise and long-term interventions in ADHD. While the positive effects observed after acute aerobic exercise are promising, very few well-designed long-term intervention studies have been conducted yet. Moreover, although exercise effects have not yet been studied in borderline personality disorder (BPD), in the end of this paper we derive hypotheses why exercise could also be beneficial for this patient population.

Dimensions of Impulsivity in Healthy People, Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder, and Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavla Linhartová ◽  
Jan Širůček ◽  
Anastasia Ejova ◽  
Richard Barteček ◽  
Pavel Theiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective: Impulsivity, observed in patients with various psychiatric disorders, is a heterogeneous construct with different behavioral manifestations. Through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), this study tests hypotheses about relationships between dimensions of impulsivity measured using personality questionnaires and behavioral tests. Method: The study included 200 healthy people, 40 patients with borderline personality disorder, and 26 patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who underwent a comprehensive impulsivity test battery including the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, a Go-NoGo task, a stop-signal task, and a delay discounting task. Results: A CFA model comprising three self-reported and three behavioral latent variables reached a good fit. Both patient groups scored higher in the self-reported dimensions and impulsive choice; only the ADHD patients displayed impaired waiting and stopping impulsivity. Conclusions: Using the developed CFA model, it is possible to describe relations between impulsivity dimensions and show different impulsivity patterns in patient populations.

Characterizing adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder and comorbid borderline personality disorder: ADHD symptoms, psychopathology, cognitive functioning and psychosocial factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.K. O’Malley ◽  
L. McHugh ◽  
N. Mac Giollabhui ◽  
J. Bramham
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Axis I

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize adults with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) with regard to ADHD symptoms, psychopathology, cognitive functioning and psychosocial factors.MethodA between-group design compared a group of individuals diagnosed with ADHD (n = 40) with a group diagnosed with BPD and who also met the criteria for ADHD (ADHD + BPD) (n = 20).ResultsSignificant differences were observed for both childhood and current impulsivity symptoms, whereby ADHD + BPD exhibited increased impulsivity; no differences on self-report and cognitive measures of impulsivity were reported. The ADHD + BPD group scored significantly higher on measures of depression, anxiety and numerous other axis I and II conditions. The ADHD + BPD group scored significantly lower on most measures of intellectual functioning and attention, however largely not on those relating to response inhibition. Furthermore, group differences were observed for psychosocial factors, including education, substance use and criminal record.ConclusionComorbid ADHD and BPD is characterized by more symptoms of impulsivity, additional psychopathology, comparatively lower intellectual and attentional functioning and increased psychosocial difficulties.

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