In-vitro recording of forward light-scatter by human lens capsules and different types of posterior capsule opacification

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common complication of cataract surgery. It causes a gradual deterioration of visual acuity, which would otherwise improve after a successful procedure. Despite recent advances in ophthalmology, this complication has not been eradicated, and the incidence of PCO can be as high as 10%. This article reviews the literature concerning the pathomechanism of PCO and examines the biochemical pathways involved in its formation and methods to prevent this complication. We also review the reported tests performed in cell cultures under laboratory conditions and in experimental animal models and in ex vivo human lens capsules. Finally, we describe research involving human eyes in the clinical setting and pharmacological methods that may reduce the frequency of PCO. Due to the multifactorial etiology of PCO, in vitro studies make it possible to assess the factors contributing to its complications and search for new therapeutic targets. Not all pathways involved in cell proliferation, migration, and contraction of the lens capsule are reproducible in laboratory conditions; moreover, PCO in humans and laboratory animals may be additionally stimulated by various degrees of postoperative reactions depending on the course of surgery. Therefore, further studies are necessary.

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In Vitro Growth of Lens Epithelial Cells from Cataract Patients - Association with Possible Risk Factors for Posterior Capsule Opacification

The Open Ophthalmology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874364101408010019 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 19-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Karin Sundelin ◽

Anne Petersen ◽

Yalda Soltanpour ◽

Madeleine Zetterberg

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Calf Serum ◽

Posterior Capsule Opacification ◽

Posterior Capsule ◽

Human Lens ◽

Lens Epithelial Cells ◽

Proliferative Capacity

Aim : Inter-individual differences in intrinsic proliferative capacity of lens epithelial cells may have importance for the risk of developing posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery. The purpose of the present study was to determine growth of human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) in culture and investigate possible associations with clinical characteristics of the donors, such as age, sex, pseudoexfoliation, uveitis and diabetes. Methods : Pieces of lens capsule and adhering lens epithelial cells were obtained through capsulorhexis at cataract surgery. Specimens were cultured in a humidified CO2-incubator using standard culture medium and 5% fetal calf serum for two weeks after which cultured cells were stained with carboxy-fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester. Image processing software was used to determine the area of the confluent epithelial cell layer in relation to the size of the original capsule specimen. Results : The increase in area of confluent HLEC showed a negative correlation with diabetes at the first week after surgery. Lower age and female sex showed border-line significant associations with a higher rate of cell proliferation. The presence of pseudoexfoliation in vivo did not significantly affect cell growth in culture postoperatively. Nor did installation of xylocain in the anterior chamber during surgery. Conclusion : Diabetes is associated with lower rate of proliferation of lens epithelial cells in culture. The lack of strong correlations between in vitro growth and known risk factors for PCO in the donors suggest that other factors than the proliferative capacity of the cells per se are important for PCO formation.

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Posterior Capsule Opacification: A Review of Experimental Studies

10.20944/preprints202104.0738.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Joanna Konopińska ◽

Maryla Romaniuk ◽

Diana Anna Dmuchowska ◽

Iwona Obuchowska

Keyword(s):

Ex Vivo ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Posterior Capsule Opacification ◽

Posterior Capsule ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Human Lens ◽

Common Complication ◽

Laboratory Conditions ◽

Human Eyes

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common complication of cataract surgery. It causes a gradual deterioration of visual acuity, which would otherwise remain improved after a successful procedure. Despite recent advances in ophthalmology, this complication has not been eradicated and the incidence of PCO can be as high as 10%. This article reviews the literature concerning the pathomechanism of PCO and examines the biochemical pathways involved in its formation and methods to prevent this complication. We also review the reported tests performed in cell cultures under laboratory conditions, in experimental animal models, and in ex vivo human lens capsules. Finally, we describe research involving human eyes in the clinical setting and pharmacological methods that may reduce the frequency of PCO. Due to the multifactorial eti-ology of PCO, in vitro studies make it possible to assess the factors contributing to its complica-tions and search for new therapeutic targets. Not all pathways involved in cell proliferation, mi-gration, and contraction of the lens capsule are reproducible in laboratory conditions; moreover, PCO in humans and laboratory animals may be additionally stimulated by various degrees of postoperative reactions depending on the course of surgery. Therefore, further studies are necessary.

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Metformin Reduced Collagen Deposition and Contractility, but Increased Collagen Degradation in in vitro Posterior Capsule Opacification Model

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal ◽

10.18585/inabj.v13i2.1480 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 186-91

Author(s):

Frisma Sagara Brilliyanto ◽

Gatut Suhendro ◽

Indri Wahyuni ◽

Maftucah Rochmanti ◽

Windhu Pramono

Keyword(s):

Cataract Surgery ◽

Posterior Capsule Opacification ◽

Collagen Degradation ◽

Posterior Capsule ◽

Human Lens ◽

Control Group ◽

Collagen Deposition ◽

Cell Contractility ◽

Anterior Lens Capsule

BACKGROUND: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) often occurs after cataract surgery. Metformin has been known to have an ability to inhibit fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of metformin on cell contractility, collagen deposition and degradation in human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) of cataract patients.METHODS: HLEC were isolated from the anterior lens capsule of patients undergoing cataract surgery. The HLEC culture was carried out using explant culture technique. The in vitro PCO model was created by scratching technique on HLEC cultures. The treatment groups were given 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mM metformin, respectively, while the control group were given 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). On the 7th day after scratching technique, the collagen deposition, collagen degradation and cell contractility were evaluated.RESULTS: Collagen deposition in HLEC was significantly reduced after given 0.1 mM, 0.5 mM and 1 mM metformin (17.92±6.16 mg/mL, 12.92±4.31 mg/mL, 11.25±5.30 mg/mL, respectively), compared to the control group (31.46±7.52 μg/mL, p=0.002). Collagen degradation significantly was increased in the 0.1 mM, 0.5 mM and 1 mM metformin groups (4.77±9.27 mg/mL, 6.59±1.16 mg/mL, 6.35±1.90 mg/mL, respectively) compared to the control group (2.21±2.78 μg/mL, p=0.002). While, collagen contractility in HLEC was significantly reduced in 0.1mM, 0.5mM and 1 mM metformin groups (16.39±3.89%, 13.89±2.59%, 11.93±2.44%, respectively), compared to the control group (44.25±4.95%, p=0.000).CONCLUSION: Metformin reduced collagen deposition and contractility, but increased collagen degradation in HLEC of cataract patients through mechanism of extracellular matrix remodeling.KEYWORDS: metformin, human lens epithelial cell, fibrosis

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