scholarly journals Does recolonization of wolves affect moose browsing damage on young Scots pine?

2020 ◽  
Vol 473 ◽  
pp. 118298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgane Gicquel ◽  
Håkan Sand ◽  
Johan Månsson ◽  
Märtha Wallgren ◽  
Camilla Wikenros
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Browsing Damage ◽  
Moose Browsing

scholarly journals Sawlog quality and tree dimensions of Scots pine 34 years after artificial moose browsing damage

Silva Fennica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juho Matala ◽  
Harri Kilpeläinen ◽  
Henrik Heräjärvi ◽  
Tapio Wall ◽  
Erkki Verkasalo
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Controlled Experiment ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Stem Form ◽  
Stem Size ◽  
Browsing Damage ◽  
Stem Quality ◽  
Moose Browsing

Moose ( L.) browsing causes severe damage in Scots pine ( L.) seedling stands. The effects of this damage on the quality of sawlogs were studied in a long-term controlled experiment. This article reports the stem size and external quality characteristics of Scots pine stems 34 years after artificial moose browsing damage. Damaging the trees by clipping the main stem at the seedling stage reduced the diameter, height, and tree volume of the trees at the end of the experiment. The tree growth reduction was dependent on the severity of clipping. The differences between the damaged and the control trees were more obvious in diameter than in height at the time of final felling. Stem form defects and vertical branches were the most typical externally detectable defects caused by clipping. Defects in the butt logs were detected in 71–89% of the damaged trees, depending on the clipping treatment severity. The stronger the clipping treatment, the more likely the stem form was defected and the more commonly were vertical branches and crooks detected in the stems. The results indicate that both tree dimensions and stem quality suffer from moose browsing. The findings of this controlled experiment more likely underestimate than overestimate the damage in comparison to real moose browsing. Further analyses are required to assess the effects of browsing damage on the internal quality of sawlogs and subsequent economic outcomes.Alces alcesPinus sylvestris

scholarly journals Spectroradiometric characteristics of Scots pine and intensity of moose browsing.

Silva Fennica ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimo Silvennoinen ◽  
Rauno Hämäläinen ◽  
Kaarlo Nygrén ◽  
Kim Weissenberg
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Moose Browsing

Effects of simulated moose browsing on growth, mortality, and fecundity in Scots pine: relations to plant productivity

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Edenius ◽  
Kjell Danell ◽  
Hans Nyquist
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Mortality Factor ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Plant Animal Interactions ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Moose Browsing

Current theory on plant–animal interactions predicts that the outcome of herbivory on plant performance will be dependent on plant productivity. Thus, slow-growing plants should be less able to compensate for biomass losses than fast-growing plants, and therefore be more susceptible to herbivory if attacked. We simulated winter browsing by moose (Alcesalces (L.)) on Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) along a gradient of plant productivity and addressed the following questions: (1) Does herbivory affect growth independently of plant productivity? (2) Is herbivory a more important mortality factor for slow-growing than for fast-growing plants? (3) Is there any effect of herbivory on fecundity, and is it related to plant productivity? Two clipping regimes simulated different intensities of moose winter browsing. Mortality was followed annually, and after 4 years we measured tree growth and fecundity on control as well as on treatment pines. The effect of clipping on growth was related with both clipping intensity and plant productivity. In the light-clipping treatment mortality was restricted to the slow-growing pines, in contrast with the severe treatment, where it occurred across the whole range of plant growth. Moreover, in the light-clipping treatment most mortality occurred within 1 year after treatment, whereas tree death occurred over 2 or more years in the severe treatment. We found no effect of age on mortality within growth-rate classes. The proportion of trees with cones increased with growth rate for control trees but not for treated trees, indicating that herbivory more strongly affects fecundity on fast-growing than on slow-growing trees. Our results confirm the hypothesis that herbivory affects plant performance differently across a gradient of plant productivity. We suggest that mammalian herbivores can increase mortality of plant genets after the seedling stage primarily in stands on low-productivity sites, especially in combination with a high density of the herbivore.

Moose Browsing on Scots Pine in Relation to Stand Size and Distance to Forest Edge

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Andren ◽  
Per Angelstam
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Moose Browsing

Detecting moose (Alces alces) browsing damage in young boreal forests from airborne laser scanning data

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Melin ◽  
J. Matala ◽  
L. Mehtätalo ◽  
A. Suvanto ◽  
P. Packalen
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Browsing Damage ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Moose Browsing

Large herbivores can have large impacts on their habitats through extensive browsing. Similarly, human actions can have large impacts both on habitats and on the animals utilizing the habitats. In Finland, the increase in clear-cut areas has been highly positive for moose in particular, because these areas provide an easy and abundant source of winter food. For the forest owners, moose browsing causes growth and quality losses or even the destruction of whole stand. We aimed to identify moose browsing damage from airborne laser scanning (ALS) data and to predict damaged areas. The data was used to detect the difference in forest structure caused by moose browsing (lost branches and twigs) in relation to reference areas without moose browsing. The damaged areas were located, measured, and confirmed by forestry professionals, and ALS data was collected after the damage. In the end, the structural differences that browsing caused proved to be clear enough to be detected with metrics calculated from ALS data. Many variables were significantly different between the damage and no-damage areas. With logistic regression, we were able to differentiate the areas with significant, large-scale damage from no-damage areas with a 76% accuracy. However, the model was too keen to predict false-positive cases (classifying no-damage areas as damaged). It was shown that ALS data can be used in detecting moose browsing damage in a case where the damage is extremely severe (like in here). Yet, to make the results more accurate, better field data about the damaged areas would be needed.

Moose Browsing on Scots Pine along a Gradient of Plant Productivity

Ecology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1624-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Danell ◽  
Pekka Niemela ◽  
Tuomo Varvikko ◽  
Timo Vuorisalo
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Moose Browsing

scholarly journals The tree species matters: Biodiversity and ecosystem service implications of replacing Scots pine production stands with Norway spruce

AMBIO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1035-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Felton ◽  
Lisa Petersson ◽  
Oscar Nilsson ◽  
Johanna Witzell ◽  
Michelle Cleary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Browsing Damage ◽  
Production Forests ◽  
Drought Damage

Abstract The choice of tree species used in production forests matters for biodiversity and ecosystem services. In Sweden, damage to young production forests by large browsing herbivores is helping to drive a development where sites traditionally regenerated with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) are instead being regenerated with Norway spruce (Picea abies). We provide a condensed synthesis of the available evidence regarding the likely resultant implications for forest biodiversity and ecosystem services from this change in tree species. Apart from some benefits (e.g. reduced stand-level browsing damage), we identified a range of negative outcomes for biodiversity, production, esthetic and recreational values, as well as increased stand vulnerability to storm, frost, and drought damage, and potentially higher risks of pest and pathogen outbreak. Our results are directly relevant to forest owners and policy-makers seeking information regarding the uncertainties, risks, and trade-offs likely to result from changing the tree species in production forests.

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