scholarly journals All-trans-retinoic acid induces manganese superoxide dismutase in human neuroblastoma through NF-κB

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1610-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinsley K. Kiningham ◽  
Zina-Ann Cardozo ◽  
Carla Cook ◽  
Marsha P. Cole ◽  
John C. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Manganese Superoxide

scholarly journals Retinoic acid modulation of glutathione and cysteine metabolism in chondrocytes

1996 ◽  
Vol 314 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina C. TEIXEIRA ◽  
Irving M. SHAPIRO ◽  
Masashi HATORI ◽  
Ramesh RAJPUROHIT ◽  
Cameron KOCH
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Chondrocyte Maturation ◽  
Medium Components ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid

The major objective of this investigation was to determine the thiol status of chondrocytes and to relate changes in the level of glutathione and cysteine to maturation of the cells as they undergo terminal differentiation. Chondrocytes were isolated from the cephalic portion of chick embryo sterna and treated with all-trans retinoic acid for one week. We found that the addition of 100 nM retinoic acid to the cultures decreased the intracellular levels of glutathione and cysteine from 6.1 to 1.6 and 0.07 to 0.01 nmol/μg DNA respectively; retinoic acid also caused a decrease in the extracellular concentration of cysteine. The decrease in chondrocyte thiols was dose and time dependent. To characterize other antioxidant systems of the sternal cell culture, the activities of catalase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase were determined. Activities of all of those enzymes were high in the retinoic acid-treated cells; the conditioned medium also contained these enzymes and the cytosolic isoenzyme of superoxide dismutase. We probed the specificity of the thiol response by using immature caudal chondrocytes. Unlike the cephalic cells, retinoic acid did not change intracellular glutathione and extracellular cysteine levels, although the retinoid caused a reduction in the intracellular cysteine concentration. Finally, we explored the effect of medium components on chondrocyte thiol status. We noted that while ascorbate alone did not change cell thiol levels, it did cause a 4-fold decrease in the extracellular cysteine concentration. When retinoic acid and ascorbic acid were both present in the medium, there was a marked decrease in the level of glutathione. In contrast, the phosphate concentration of the culture medium served as a powerful modulator of both glutathione and cysteine. Results of the study clearly showed that there is a profound decrease in intracellular levels of both cysteine and glutathione and that thiol levels are responsive to ascorbic acid and the medium phosphate concentration. These findings point to a critical role for thiols in modulating events linked to chondrocyte maturation and cartilage matrix synthesis and mineralization.

scholarly journals Differential effects of 9-cis and all-trans retinoic acid on the induction of retinoic acid receptor-β and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II in human neuroblastoma cells

1994 ◽  
Vol 304 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
C P F Redfern ◽  
P E Lovat ◽  
A J Malcolm ◽  
A D J Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Retinoic Acid Receptor ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma ◽  
Acid Receptor ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Crabp Ii

The objective of this study was to compare the properties of 9-cis and all-trans retinoic acid with respect to the induction of expression of retinoic acid receptor beta (RAR-beta) and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) II in human neuroblastoma SH SY 5Y cells. RAR-beta and CRABP II mRNA was induced by both all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acid in SH SY 5Y cells. Induction was rapid, detectable within 2-4 h, and inhibited by actinomycin D. Time-courses of induction for RAR-beta and CRABP II differed: RAR-beta mRNA levels reached a maximum 4-6 h after adding all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, whereas CRABP II mRNA levels increased over at least 18 h. These differences were attributed to the longer half-life of CRABP II mRNA (20 h) compared with RAR-beta mRNA (3.9 h). The dose-response characteristics of all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acid were different: all-trans was effective at nanomolar concentrations, whereas 10-fold higher levels of 9-cis retinoic acid were required to achieve comparable induction of RAR-beta and CRABP II. Conversely, at high concentrations, 9-cis retinoic acid gave a greater induction of RAR-beta and CRABP II than all-trans. The induction of RAR-beta and CRABP II by all-trans retinoic acid was maintained in the subsequent absence of all-trans retinoic acid, whereas induction by 9-cis retinoic acid was dependent on its continued presence in the culture medium. These results suggest that, at high concentrations, 9-cis retinoic acid may produce its transcriptional effects via retinoid X receptor (RXR) homodimers. This has implications for the cellular functions of 9-cis retinoic acid and its use as a biological response modifier.

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