scholarly journals Efficacy of different types of “bird flight diverter” in reducing bird mortality due to collision with transmission power lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. e01130
Author(s):  
Miguel Ferrer ◽  
Virginia Morandini ◽  
Ryan Baumbusch ◽  
Roberto Muriel ◽  
Manuela De Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Lines ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Bird Flight ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Bird Mortality

scholarly journals Monitoring of effectiveness of bird flight diverters in preventing bird mortality from powerline collisions in Slovakia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Marek Gális ◽  
Michal Ševčík
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Flight Distance ◽  
Bird Flight ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bird Mortality ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Flight observations and carcass searches were carried out along distribution power lines in Slovakia. 77 km of 22 kV and 110 kV lines were marked on a total of 108 sections to evaluate the effectiveness of three types of bird flight diverters (FireFly Bird Diverter, RIBE Bird Flight Diverter and SWAN-FLIGHT Diverter) designed to increase power line visibility. Numbers of carcasses were compared before and after installation of the devices and reaction distances on marked power lines were surveyed. We observed a 93.5% reduction (93 vs. 6) in the number of fatalities under the marked power lines after line marking (06/2016–06/2019) compared to the period before installation (12/2014–02/2016). 2,296 flight reactions were observed and an estimated total of 41,885 individuals (57 bird species belonging to 13 orders) were recorded with their reactions to marked lines in the period 06/2016–06/2019. After installation of bird diverters, there was a low proportion of flight distance observations at the closest distance, i.e. up to 5 m, indicating that birds reacted further away from marked lines. Although we lack flight observations for the period before the installation of diverters, the reactions of birds at greater distances and reduced number of bird victims under marked lines indicate that all tested diverters have a positive effect on reducing the number of avian collisions with power lines.

scholarly journals Methodology of risk assessment for electricity distribution lines in Slovakia with regard to potential bird mortality due to collisions with power lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Ján Šmídt ◽  
Ervín Hapl ◽  
Marek Gális
Keyword(s):  
Bird Community ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Bird Flight ◽  
Line System ◽  
Bird Mortality ◽  
Landscape Information

Abstract Power lines represent an important and increasing worldwide cause of avian mortality due to collisions involving flying birds. One positive and very important fact is that only some parts of potentially dangerous lines are responsible for the majority of killed birds. These sections need to be identified and treated with proper mitigation measures. In this article we present a specially-prepared methodology aimed at classifying power lines according to the risk they present. The identification of power lines with the highest risk of possible bird collision requires easily-accessed biological, technical and landscape information. In addition to analyses of these main inputs, our methodology also evaluates the influence of power line orientation relative to the important migration routes of birds, the effect of nearby tree growth higher than the evaluated power lines, and the complexity of landscape relief. Based on these three additional inputs, it is possible to produce a digitalized map showing with one-meter accuracy the location of power line sections with the high/middle/low mortality risk due to collision for any existing or newly-planned grid. Sections with highest risk should be considered as priority for the implementation of mitigation measures including e.g. installation of bird flight diverters. Our methodology was prepared for 22 kV and 110 kV distribution power lines in Slovakia. It is flexible enough to be applied equally to any geographic conditions and/or bird community, different voltage levels and construction designs of power lines. Our methodology can be applied by ornithologists, nature conservancy organization and power line system operators to implement environmental and cost-effective mitigation measures.

scholarly journals Electrocutions of Bids on Power Lines in the Altai Kray (Russia) in 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-68
Author(s):  
Elena P. Shnayder ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Bird Mortality ◽  
Protection Devices ◽  
Observed Damage ◽  
Breeding Seasons

In September 2021, 126 km of 6-10 kV power lines were surveyed in Altai Kray, Russia. The survey encompassed different types of habitat from pine forests to the foothills of Altai mountains. Out of 126 km, 27.94 km of power lines were equipped with bird-protection devices to prevent bird death from electrocution. We uncovered 515 cases of bird death on unsafe lines. Raptors make 21% and endangered species – 1.94%. The density of dead birds was equal to 5.6 ind./km of non-safe power lines, and of raptors – 1.18 ind./km. The observed damage to the ecosystem was estimated as 6.1 million of Rub (equal to $83 350 or € 73 600), and the damage calculated per one electric pole was 3 925 Rub. The estimation of the death rate of birds on the observed length of power lines through the whole migration and breeding seasons makes 8.63 ind./km. Approximation to the presumptive total length of bird unsafe power lines in the Altai Kray makes 50 700 birds possibly die every year in the region from April till October. The highest level of bird mortality was observed on power lines stretching through open undisturbed habitats (i.e. steppe biotope). We also noted 2.9 times higher mortality on push brace poles compared with intermediate ones for all species, and 4.9 times higher for raptors only.

scholarly journals Bird mortality on medium-voltage power lines in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Vlasta Škorpíková ◽  
Václav Hlaváč ◽  
Milan Křápek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Birds Of Prey ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Bird Mortality ◽  
Straight Lines

Abstract In 2015–2016, 6,429 km medium-voltage power lines with 76,430 pylons were checked for bird mortality in the Czech Republic. 1,326 bird victims of power lines were found, 156 of which died after collisions, and 1,170 birds were electrocuted. They belonged to 60 species from 12 orders, and birds of prey made up almost half of all victims. Steel pylons bearing several cross-arms including upper and crosswise jumpers were identified as most dangerous from the electrocution point of view. On the other hand, pylons in straight lines with Pařát cross-arms (triangular arrangement of conductors without any horizontal bar) were among the least dangerous, and when they had a simple perch fitted below the cross-arm, no mortality was recorded. But these pylons are new in practice and despite becoming widely used recently, they form less than one tenth of all pylons in the Czech Republic. On other pylons various types of mitigation measures have been installed. Commonly used plastic covers and plastic strips have proved to be especially effective, but only in cases when they are undamaged and correctly installed.

scholarly journals Power Quality Issues in Power Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S3) ◽  
pp. 308-313
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Precautionary Measure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Quality Issues

Power quality in power system is one of the most important researches in the recent age, many researchers working in this area keeping objective to achieve quality power. This paper presents power quality issues in power systems, especially in INDIA. It also includes the various causes of power quality problems, their impact and precautionary measure to solve the power quality issues. Various mitigating devices used to solve various power quality problems and some methods suggested improving the power quality. Different types of controller and their specific applications also presented. A Hybrid APF designee is also suggested to mitigate the harmonics in power lines. Finally, the paper is designed to give an overview of power quality phenomenon in power system and can be utilized by the researchers those working in the area of power quality.

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