Comparative evaluation of silicified microcrystalline cellulose II as a direct compression vehicle

Background: Natural materials have gained a lot of significance in the field of drug delivery because of their cost effectiveness and ready availability.Purpose: The study aimed at evaluating the direct compression property of microcrystalline cellulose from cassava fermentation waste in directly compressed paracetamol tablet formulations.Methods: Alkali delignification of the dried cassava fermentation fibres, followed by bleaching and acid depolymerisation was employed in the extraction of α-cellulose and conversion to microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The MCC obtained and Avicel® were used at different concentrations (5.0-15 %w/w) to formulate batches of paracetamol tablets by directed compression. A comparative evaluation of the formulated paracetamol granules and tablets properties were undertaken.Results: The paracetamol granules formulated showed good flowability with Hausner’s ratios of 1.15-1.25, Carr’s indices of 13.10-20.00 % and angles of repose ≤ 34.41°. The formulated tablets showed good hardness (> 5.0 kgf) and disintegration time within 10 min. Only tablets containing 5.0 and 7.5 %w/w of the test MCC failed the BP dissolution test specification for tablets which stipulates that at least 70 % of the drug should be in solution after 30 min.Conclusion: This study has shown that the extracted MCC has direct compression ability evidenced in the mechanical strength of the formulated paracetamol tablets. The tablet properties of the formulated paracetamol tablets revealed pharmaceutically acceptable tablets though they were not comparable with Avicel® at all concentrations and the MCC may serve as an alternative local source for direct compression excipient. Keywords: Cassava, microcrystalline cellulose, direct compression, paracetamol, tablets

Download Full-text

Optimization of Microcrystalline Cellulose PH 101, Lactose, and Kollidon® K 30 To Obtain Co-Processed Excipient Through Spray Drying

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v7i2.8921 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kusuma P. ◽

Syukri Y ◽

Sholehuddin F. ◽

Fazzri N. ◽

Romdhonah . ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spray Drying ◽

Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽

Chemical Change ◽

Direct Compression ◽

Flow Properties ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Compression Process ◽

Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽

Physical Mixtures ◽

Spray Dried

The most efficient tablet processing method is direct compression. For this method, the filler-binder can be made by coprocessing via spray drying method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of spray dried co-processing on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 101, lactose and Kollidon® K 30 as well as to define the optimum proportions. Spray dried MCC PH 101, lactose, and Kollidon® K 30 were varied in 13 different mixture design proportions to obtain compact, free-flowing filler-binder co-processed excipients (CPE). Compactibility and flow properties became the key parameters to determine the optimum proportions of CPE that would be compared to their physical mixtures. The result showed that the optimum proportion of CPE had better compactibility and flow properties than the physical mixtures. The optimum CPE, consisting of only MCC PH 101 and Kollidon® K 30 without lactose, that were characterized using infrared spectrophotometer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated no chemical change therein. Therefore, this study showed that spray dried MCC PH 101, lactose and Kollidon® K 30 could be one of the filler-binder alternatives for direct compression process.

Download Full-text

Comparative Evaluation of Several Direct Compression Sugars

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy ◽

10.3109/03639048309052395 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1555-1572 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Clive O. Ondari ◽

Chester E. Kean ◽

C. T. Rhodes

Keyword(s):

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Direct Compression

Download Full-text

Comparative evaluation of the powder properties and compression behaviour of a new cellulose-based direct compression excipient and Avicel PH-102

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ◽

10.1211/0022357043987 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 56 (8) ◽

pp. 951-956 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. Reus-Medina ◽

M. Lanz ◽

V. Kumar ◽

H. Leuenberger

Keyword(s):

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Direct Compression ◽

Compression Behaviour ◽

Powder Properties

Download Full-text

Stable, metastable and unstable cellulose solutions

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.170487 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (8) ◽

pp. 170487 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Marta Gubitosi ◽

Pegah Nosrati ◽

Mona Koder Hamid ◽

Stefan Kuczera ◽

Manja A. Behrens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽

Small Angle ◽

Supersaturated Solution ◽

Cellulose Ii ◽

Cellulose I ◽

Tetrabutylammonium Hydroxide ◽

X Ray ◽

Stable Regime ◽

X Ray Scattering ◽

A Minor

We have characterized the dissolution state of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in aqueous tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, TBAH(aq), at different concentrations of TBAH, by means of turbidity and small-angle X-ray scattering. The solubility of cellulose increases with increasing TBAH concentration, which is consistent with solubilization driven by neutralization. When comparing the two polymorphs, the solubility of cellulose I is higher than that of cellulose II. This has the consequence that the dissolution of MCC (cellulose I) may create a supersaturated solution with respect to cellulose II. As for the dissolution state of cellulose, we identify three different regimes. (i) In the stable regime, corresponding to concentrations below the solubility of cellulose II, cellulose is molecularly dissolved and the solutions are thermodynamically stable. (ii) In the metastable regime, corresponding to lower supersaturations with respect to cellulose II, a minor aggregation of cellulose occurs and the solutions are kinetically stable. (iii) In the unstable regime, corresponding to larger supersaturations, there is macroscopic precipitation of cellulose II from solution. Finally, we also discuss strong alkali solvents in general and compare TBAH(aq) with the classical NaOH(aq) solvent.

Download Full-text