Evaluation of the Direct Compression Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose Obtained from Cassava Fermentation Waste in Paracetamol Tablet Formulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
S.O. Eraga ◽  
D.N. Elue ◽  
M.A. Iwuagwu
Keyword(s):  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Tablet Properties ◽  
Test Specification ◽  
Tablet Formulations ◽  
Paracetamol Tablet

Background: Natural materials have gained a lot of significance in the field of drug delivery because of their cost effectiveness and ready availability.Purpose: The study aimed at evaluating the direct compression property of microcrystalline cellulose from cassava fermentation waste in directly compressed paracetamol tablet formulations.Methods: Alkali delignification of the dried cassava fermentation fibres, followed by bleaching and acid depolymerisation was employed in the extraction of α-cellulose and conversion to microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The MCC obtained and Avicel® were used at different concentrations (5.0-15 %w/w) to formulate batches of paracetamol tablets by directed compression. A comparative evaluation of the formulated paracetamol granules and tablets properties were undertaken.Results: The paracetamol granules formulated showed good flowability with Hausner’s ratios of 1.15-1.25, Carr’s indices of 13.10-20.00 % and angles of repose ≤ 34.41°. The formulated tablets showed good hardness (> 5.0 kgf) and disintegration time within 10 min. Only tablets containing 5.0 and 7.5 %w/w of the test MCC failed the BP dissolution test specification for tablets which stipulates that at least 70 % of the drug should be in solution after 30 min.Conclusion: This study has shown that the extracted MCC has direct compression ability evidenced in the mechanical strength of the formulated paracetamol tablets. The tablet properties of the formulated paracetamol tablets revealed pharmaceutically acceptable tablets though they were not comparable with Avicel® at all concentrations and the MCC may serve as an alternative local source for direct compression excipient. Keywords: Cassava, microcrystalline cellulose, direct compression, paracetamol, tablets

scholarly journals Evaluating the effect of spherical crystallization of acetylsalicylic acid crystal and crystal agglomeration of Manihotesculenta starch on direct compression tablet properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
N. D. Nnamani ◽  
I. S. Okafor ◽  
O.N. Ume
Keyword(s):  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
23 Factorial Design ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Spherical Crystallization ◽  
Tablet Properties ◽  
Crystal Agglomeration

Spherical crystallization and crystal agglomeration have been used to optimize compact crystals and functional properties of powders. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of spherical crystallization of acetylsalicylic acid crystals and crystal agglomeration of Manihotesculenta starch on direct compression tablet. Typical spherical crystallization using three solvent system of water–ethanol-carbon tetrachloride was used to produce spherical acetylsalicylic acid. Salting-out agglomeration of gelling in water and salting in ethanol was used to produce starch-xerogel from Manihotesculenta starch. The modified products were qualified using FT-IR analysis. The analysis results showed that modification did not alter chemical nature of the products. Acetylsalicylic acid tablets were formulated using spherical-crystallizedacetylsalicylic acid with 5 and 10% w/w starch-xerogel respectively, and using acetylsalicylic acid with 5 and 10% w/w of starch, and microcrystalline cellulose respectively. The physicochemical properties of the tablets were evaluated. Astatistical 23 factorial design of the tablet properties at 5% level of significance showed that the effects of the variables are different. Theacetylsalicylic acid tablets formulated from direct compression of spherical-crystallizedacetylsalicylic acid with 5 % w/w starch-xerogel produced quality tablets comparable to standard tablets from direct compression of acetylsalicylic acid with10 % w/w microcrystalline cellulose. Spherical crystallization and crystal agglomeration optimized the compact crystals of starch and acetylsalicylic acid, and improved direct compression properties of the crystals, and drug release from tablet.

scholarly journals Influence of process variables on release properties of paracetamol tablets

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gbenga Alebiowu ◽  
Oludele Itiola
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Individual Effects ◽  
Pregelatinized Starch ◽  
Tablet Formulations ◽  
Binder Concentration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Paracetamol Tablet

Influence of process variables on release properties of paracetamol tablets A 23 factorial experimental design has been used to quantitatively study individual and interaction effects of the nature of binder (N), binder concentration (c) and relative density of tablet (d) on the disintegration time (DT) and dissolution times, t1, t50 and t90, of paracetamol tablet formulations. The factorial design was also used to study the quantitative effects of pregelatinization of starch binders on these parameters, i.e., N, c and d. In general, the most common ranking of the individual effects on DT, t1, t50 and t90 for native/native, pregelatinized/pregelatinized and native/pregelatinized starch binder formulations was c > d > N. For interaction effects, the most common ranking was N-c > c-d > N-d for all formulations. The results generally showed that c can considerably affect DT, t1, t50 and t90 of the tablets.

scholarly journals Effect of a co-processed excipient on the disintegration and drug release profile of ibuprofen tablets

Bio-Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
BB Mohammed ◽  
EJ John ◽  
NK Ajuji
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Tablet Properties ◽  
Spray Dried

Tablets at present, remain the most preferred oral dosage form because of many advantages they offer to formulators as well as physicians and patients. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of co-processing on the disintegration and drug-release profile of ibuprofen tablets prepared from a co-processed excipient. The co-processed excipient (CE) containing lactose, gelatin and mucin in the ratio 90:9:1 was prepared using co-fusion. The excipient was evaluated for its physicochemical properties and then used to formulate tablets with the addition of a disintegrant by direct compression. The tablets were evaluated for their tablet properties and compared with tablets prepared with cellactose- 80® (CEL) and spray dried lactose® (SDL) and a physical mix (PM) of the co-processed ingredient. Results from evaluation of CE showed that flow rate, angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ratio were 5.28 g/sec, 20.30o, 23.75 % and 1.31, respectively. Tablets prepared with CE had friability (0%), crushing strength (5.25) KgF, disintegration time (3 mins) and T50% (2 mins). For CEL, friability (0.4 %), crushing strength (7.25) KgF, disintegration time (1 min) and T50% (2 mins); SDL, friability (1.57 %), crushing strength (7.50) KgF, disintegration time (4 mins) and T50% (2 mins) and PM, friability (2.38 %), crushing strength (5.00) KgF, disintegration time (1 min) and T50% (2 mins). In conclusion, the disintegration time and drug release profile for CE was not superior but compared favorably with CEL, SDL and PM.  

scholarly journals Disintegrant Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose isolated from Rami (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) in Dimenhydrinate tablets by Wet Granulation and Direct compression

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagina Gulab Belali ◽  
Anis Y. Chaerunisaa ◽  
Taofik Rusdiana
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Boehmeria Nivea ◽  
Significant Difference

Microcrystalline cellulose was isolated from rami (Boehmeria Nivea L. Gaud), and applied as disintegrant in tablets of dimenhydrinate, made by direct compression and wet granulation. The aim of this study is to produce dimenhydrinate tablets with Microcrystalline Cellulose Rami (MCC Rami) isolated from Rami (Boehmeria Nivea L. Gaud), as a disintegrant and assess the effect of MCC Rami and Granulation technique on physical properties of drug such as, disintegration time, drug release and dissolution. Formulations of dimenhydrinate 100mg tablets were prepared with a combination of mannitol and lactose as a filler and MCC Rami as disintegrant in a concentration of 10-20%. The formulas were directly compressed or were compressed into tablets after wet granulation. The mechanical properties, drug release, physical properties and effects of process parameters, methods of applying disintegrant in tablet formulas were examined. A significant difference in disintegration time of tablets that were produced by direct compression and wet granulation was seen, that can be attributed to the porous structure of granules that enhanced fast disintegration, which had eventually improved dissolution and drug release. F1 and F2 with MCC Rami and physical mixture of MCC Rami with crosspovidone as a disintegrant that were directly compressed disintegrated in 79 and 72 seconds respectively thats not a significant difference, however when MCC was applied in an intragranular way its disintegration time is 67 seconds. The results showed that the method of disintegrant application and press of tableting has a significant effect on drug release and dissolution.Keywords : Microcrystalline Cellulose, wet granulation, disintegrant, Boehmeria Nivea L. Gaud.

scholarly journals Characterization and evaluation of the performance of starch and cellulose as excipients for direct compression technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1569-1576
Author(s):  
Hamad S. Alyami ◽  
Samer S. Abu-Alrub ◽  
Mater H. Mahnashi ◽  
Mohammad H. Alyami ◽  
Osaid T. Al Meanazel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Tablet Disintegration ◽  
Good Flow

Purpose: To investigate the influence of two often-used excipients (starch and microcrystalline cellulose) on the physical properties of powder blends and tablets that contain mannitol as diluent.Methods: Powder and powder mixtures of three commonly used excipients (starch, mannitol and microcrystalline cellulose) were thoroughly examined using the angle of repose for flowability, particle size analyzer to determine the diameter of the particles, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphological assessment, and x-ray diffraction to determine crystalline/amorphous characteristics. Tablets were prepared by direct compression technique and were evaluated for mechanical strength and disintegration behavior as part of quality control test.Results: The results showed that increase in MCC concentration of the mixture leads to significantly enhanced flowability (p < 0.05) when compared to starch. The angle of repose for mannitol/MCC powder mixture with 70 % w/w MCC was approximately 29°, indicating good flow properties of thepowder mix. Moreover, starch tablets containing MCC exhibited better mechanical strength and longer disintegration time, while, at 1:1 ratio of MCC and mannitol, tablet disintegration was faster (33.0 ± 5.2s)Conclusion: MCC (at 30 %w/w in the blend) produces optimal flow of the powder blend and superior mechanical strength, Keywords: Tablet disintegration, Flowability, Starch, Hardness, Mechanical strength

scholarly journals Evaluation of xerogels of cassava and cocoyam starches as dry granulation binders and disintegrants in directly compressed paracetamol tablet formulations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvester Okhuelegbe Eraga ◽  
Ogochukwu Augustina Meko ◽  
Magnus Amara Iwuagwu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Dry Granulation ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Wetting Time ◽  
Tablet Formulations ◽  
Tablet Manufacture ◽  
Paracetamol Tablet ◽  
Excipient Compatibility

The physicochemical properties of excipients play vital roles in the process of tablet manufacture. A comparative evaluation of the binding and disintegrant properties of xerogels of cassava and cocoyam starches with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in paracetamol tablet formulations was investigated. Cassava and cocoyam starches were extracted from their tubers following standard procedures. Xerogels of both starches were prepared and used to prepare batches of paracetamol granules for direct compression into tablets at concentrations of 3.8, 7.6 and 11.4 %w/w and with 7.6 %w/w MCC for comparison. Granules were analysed for their flow properties and drug-excipient compatibility and the tablets were evaluated for their tablets properties. The paracetamol granules prepared with the xerogel powders were comparable in flow properties with those made with MCC. Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Fourier Transform Infrared analyses revealed no interaction between the xerogel powders and paracetamol. Increase in concentrations of the xerogel powders led to an increase in hardness, wetting time, water sorption, disintegration time, drug release and a decrease in friability of the tablets. Tablets formulated with the starch xerogel powders met compendial requirements at 7.6 %w/w concentration. The study confirms the potentials of xerogels of cassava and cocoyam starches as dry granulation binders/disintegrants. Tablets made with the xerogel powders are superior to those made with MCC in terms of disintegration time but MCC produces harder and less friable tablets, as a superior binder.

An Evaluation of Dictyophora indusiata Mucilage as a Binder in Tablet Formulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Kanokporn Burapapadh ◽  
Narumon Changsan ◽  
Chutima Sinsuebpol ◽  
Phennapha Saokham
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Commercial Product ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Pharmaceutical Excipients ◽  
Tablet Formulations ◽  
Paracetamol Tablet

Dictyophora indusiata known as bamboo mushroom is an edible mushroom in Genus Dictyophora, Family Phallaceae that could produce highly viscous mucilage encased in the peridium. The viscous mucilage is clear-colorless hydrocolloid with high viscosity and high adhesive nature which made it possible to be developed into pharmaceutical excipients. This research work aimed at the application of the mucilage as a tablet binder. The mucilage was prepared as redispersible powder by lyphilization before used. The dried mucilage could be effectively used as a binder in paracetamol tablet formulations both as dry and wet binder. Increasing of the dried mucilage amount caused the stronger tablet with higher disintegration time. The optimum concentrations of the dried mucilage in tablet formulations were 2.0% w/w as dry binder and 1.0% w/w as wet binder. The obtained tablets revealed low friability and fast disintegration time. The drug dissolution was conformable to USP37 standard and comparable to that of commercial product. Accordingly, the Dictyophora indusiata mucilage could be functionally used as a tablet binder

scholarly journals Preparation of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Cotton and its Evaluation as Direct Compressible Excipient in the Formulation of Naproxen Tablets

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Nurul Islam Setu ◽  
Md Yeunus Mia ◽  
Nur Jaharat Lubna ◽  
Abu Asad Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Dissolution Properties ◽  
Chemical Assay ◽  
Band Position ◽  
Ft Ir

Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was prepared by acid hydrolysis from the cellulose purified from the cotton. Chemical assay, determination of degree of polymerization (DP) and FT-IR confirm the identification of prepared microcrystalline cellulose. The FT-IR spectrum of synthesized MCC is very similar to that of Avicel® PH- 102, a commercial direct compression excipient, at consideration of both band position and intensity. The degree of polymerization (DP) of prepared MCC and Avicel PH102, determined from the value of intrinsic viscosity, were 210 and 240, respectively. The tableting properties of prepared MCC was excellent while formulating naproxen tablet. The hardness and friability of the tablets prepared from MCC was 5.33 ± 0.45 kg and 0.077%, respectively which were comparable to the tablets prepared from marketed Avicel PH102 having hardness and friability 7.35 ± 0.41 kg and 0.063%, respectively. The disintegration time of tablet prepared from MCC and Avicel PH102 was 8.25 ± 0.41 min and 4.50 ±0.28 min, respectively. Again, the tablets prepared from MCC and Avicel PH102 showed more than 90% and 98% dissolution, respectively as per the USP specified medium. All these data indicate that the hardness, friability, disintegration and dissolution properties of tablets prepared by using our MCC comply with the USP specifications. This makes the prepared MCC as a promising candidate for direct compressible excipient of tablet. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v13i2.21899 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 13(2): 187-192, 2014 (December)

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