Prehospital aortic blood flow control techniques for non-compressible traumatic hemorrhage

Injury ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changgui Shi ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Zhinong Wang ◽  
Hongliang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Aortic Blood Flow ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Blood Flow Control ◽  
Traumatic Hemorrhage

COMPUTATIONS OF PULSATILE AORTIC BLOOD FLOW PROBLEMS ON PARALLEL COMPUTERS

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
YANG-YAO NIU ◽  
SHOU-CHENG TCHENG
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Time Integration ◽  
Parallel Computer ◽  
Aortic Blood Flow ◽  
Pc Cluster ◽  
Flow Problems ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Speed Up

In this study, a parallel computing technology is applied on the simulation of aortic blood flow problems. A third-order upwind flux extrapolation with a dual-time integration method based on artificial compressibility solver is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations. The original FORTRAN code is converted to the MPI code and tested on a 64-CPU IBM SP2 parallel computer and a 32-node PC Cluster. The test results show that a significant reduction of computing time in running the model and a super-linear speed up rate is achieved up to 32 CPUs at PC cluster. The speed up rate is as high as 49 for using IBM SP2 64 processors. The test shows very promising potential of parallel processing to provide prompt simulation of the current aortic flow problems.

S-nitroso-albumin carries a thiol-labile pool of nitric oxide, which causes venodilation in the rat

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. H916-H923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson N. Orie ◽  
Patrick Vallance ◽  
Dean P. Jones ◽  
Kevin P. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Aortic Blood Flow ◽  
Hemodynamic Effects ◽  
Rapid Decomposition ◽  
Aortic Blood

It is now established that S-nitroso-albumin (SNO-albumin) circulates at low nanomolar concentrations under physiological conditions, but concentrations may increase to micromolar levels during disease states (e.g., cirrhosis or endotoxemia). This study tested the hypothesis that high concentrations of SNO-albumin observed in some diseases modulate vascular function and that it acts as a stable reservoir of nitric oxide (NO), releasing this molecule when the concentrations of low-molecular-weight thiols are increased. SNO-albumin was infused into rats to increase the plasma concentration from <50 nmol/l to ∼4 μmol/l. This caused a 29 ± 6% drop in blood pressure, 20 ± 4% decrease in aortic blood flow, and a 25 ± 14% reduction of renal blood flow within 10 min. These observations were in striking contrast to those of an infused arterial vasodilator (hydralazine), which increased aortic blood flow, and suggested that SNO-albumin acts primarily as a venodilator in vivo. This was confirmed by the observations that glyceryl trinitrate (a venodilator) led to similar hemodynamic changes and that the hemodynamic effects of SNO-albumin are reversed by infusion of colloid. Infusion of N-acetylcysteine into animals with artificially elevated plasma SNO-albumin concentrations led to the rapid decomposition of SNO-albumin in vivo and reproduced the hemodynamic effects of SNO-albumin infusion. These data demonstrate that SNO-albumin acts primarily as a venodilator in vivo and represents a stable reservoir of NO that can release NO when the concentrations of low-molecular-weight thiols are elevated.

Hepatosplanchnic Vasoregulation and Oxygen Consumption During Selective Aortic Blood Flow Reduction and Reperfusion

2011 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 532-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruy J. Cruz ◽  
Alejandra G. Garrido ◽  
Décio de Natale Caly ◽  
Mauricio Rocha-e-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aortic Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Reduction ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Blood Flow Reduction
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