scholarly journals Pioneer factors in development and cancer

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 103132
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Sunkel ◽  
Benjamin Z. Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Pioneer Factors

scholarly journals Dissecting the sharp response of a canonical developmental enhancer reveals multiple sources of cooperativity

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeehae Park ◽  
Javier Estrada ◽  
Gemma Johnson ◽  
Ben J Vincent ◽  
Chiara Ricci-Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Pairwise Interactions ◽  
Histone Modifiers ◽  
Boundary Location ◽  
Pioneer Factors ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
Cis And Trans

Developmental enhancers integrate graded concentrations of transcription factors (TFs) to create sharp gene expression boundaries. Here we examine the hunchback P2 (HbP2) enhancer which drives a sharp expression pattern in the Drosophila blastoderm embryo in response to the transcriptional activator Bicoid (Bcd). We systematically interrogate cis and trans factors that influence the shape and position of expression driven by HbP2, and find that the prevailing model, based on pairwise cooperative binding of Bcd to HbP2 is not adequate. We demonstrate that other proteins, such as pioneer factors, Mediator and histone modifiers influence the shape and position of the HbP2 expression pattern. Comparing our results to theory reveals how higher-order cooperativity and energy expenditure impact boundary location and sharpness. Our results emphasize that the bacterial view of transcription regulation, where pairwise interactions between regulatory proteins dominate, must be reexamined in animals, where multiple molecular mechanisms collaborate to shape the gene regulatory function.

Pioneer Factors and Architectural Proteins Mediating Embryonic Expression Signatures in Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Dobersch ◽  
Karla Rubio ◽  
Guillermo Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Proteins ◽  
Pioneer Factors

scholarly journals Pioneer factors and their in vitro identification methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-835
Author(s):  
Xinyang Yu ◽  
Michael J. Buck
Keyword(s):  
Identification Methods ◽  
Pioneer Factors

scholarly journals Pioneer Factors FOXA1 and FOXA2 Assist Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Human Endometrial Cells

Endocrinology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (11) ◽  
pp. 4076-4092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Whirledge ◽  
Edwina P Kisanga ◽  
Robert N Taylor ◽  
John A Cidlowski
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Pioneer Factors

scholarly journals GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa M Gaskill ◽  
Tyler J Gibson ◽  
Elizabeth D Larson ◽  
Melissa M Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Gaga Factor ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Early Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Zygotic Gene ◽  
Pioneer Factor ◽  
Pioneer Factors ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Development Proceeds

Following fertilization, the genomes of the germ cells are reprogrammed to form the totipotent embryo. Pioneer transcription factors are essential for remodeling the chromatin and driving the initial wave of zygotic gene expression. In Drosophila melanogaster, the pioneer factor Zelda is essential for development through this dramatic period of reprogramming, known as the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). However, it was unknown whether additional pioneer factors were required for this transition. We identified an additional maternally encoded factor required for development through the MZT, GAGA Factor (GAF). GAF is necessary to activate widespread zygotic transcription and to remodel the chromatin accessibility landscape. We demonstrated that Zelda preferentially controls expression of the earliest transcribed genes, while genes expressed during widespread activation are predominantly dependent on GAF. Thus, progression through the MZT requires coordination of multiple pioneer-like factors, and we propose that as development proceeds control is gradually transferred from Zelda to GAF.

scholarly journals The role of maternal pioneer factors in predefining first zygotic responses to inductive signals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Gentsch ◽  
Thomas Spruce ◽  
Nick D. L. Owens ◽  
James C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Regulatory Dna Sequences ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Pioneer Factors ◽  
Developmental Principles ◽  
Regulatory Dna ◽  
Different Cell Types ◽  
Inductive Signals

ABSTRACTEmbryonic development yields many different cell types in response to just a few families of inductive signals. The property of a signal-receiving cell that determines how it responds to such signals, including the activation of cell type-specific genes, is known as its competence. Here, we show how maternal factors modify chromatin to specify initial competence in the frog Xenopus tropicalis. We identified the earliest engaged regulatory DNA sequences, and inferred from them critical activators of the zygotic genome. Of these, we showed that the pioneering activity of the maternal pluripotency factors Pou5f3 and Sox3 predefines competence for germ layer formation by extensively remodeling compacted chromatin before the onset of signaling. The remodeling includes the opening and marking of thousands of regulatory elements, extensive chromatin looping, and the co-recruitment of signal-mediating transcription factors. Our work identifies significant developmental principles that inform our understanding of how pluripotent stem cells interpret inductive signals.

scholarly journals Establishment of chromatin accessibility by the conserved transcription factor Grainy head is developmentally regulated

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Nevil ◽  
Tyler J. Gibson ◽  
Constantine Bartolutti ◽  
Anusha Iyengar ◽  
Melissa M Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Regulatory Modules ◽  
Pioneer Factor ◽  
Pioneer Factors ◽  
Coordinate Changes ◽  
Accessible Chromatin

AbstractThe dramatic changes in gene expression required for development necessitate the establishment of cis-regulatory modules defined by regions of accessible chromatin. Pioneer transcription factors have the unique property of binding closed chromatin and facilitating the establishment of these accessible regions. Nonetheless, much of how pioneer transcription factors coordinate changes in chromatin accessibility during development remains unknown. To determine whether pioneer-factor function is intrinsic to the protein or whether pioneering activity is developmentally modulated, we studied the highly conserved, essential transcription factor, Grainy head (Grh). Grh is expressed throughout Drosophila development and functions as a pioneer factor in the larvae. We demonstrated that Grh remains bound to condensed mitotic chromosomes, a property shared with other pioneer factors. By assaying chromatin accessibility in embryos lacking either maternal or zygotic Grh at three stages of development, we discovered that Grh is not required for chromatin accessibility in early embryogenesis, in contrast to its essential functions later in development. Our data reveal that the pioneering activity of Grh is temporally regulated and is likely influenced by additional factors expressed at a given developmental stage.

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