Ankle Mobility in Relation to Chronic Venous Insufficiency in HIV-Positive Persons With and Without a History of Injection Drug Use

BACKGROUND: Internationally, there is a growing recognition that hepatitis C virus (HCV) may be sexually transmitted among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM).OBJECTIVE: To report the first Canadian estimate of HCV seroincidence in 2000 to 2010 and its risk factors among HIV-positive MSM with no known history of injection drug use.METHODS: Data from the Ontario HIV Treatment Network Cohort Study, an ongoing cohort of individuals in HIV care in Ontario, were analyzed. Data were obtained from medical charts, interviews and record linkage with the provincial public health laboratories. The analysis was restricted to 1534 MSM who did not report injection drug use and had undergone ≥2 HCV antibody tests, of which the first was negative (median 6.1 person-years [PY] of follow-up; sum 9987 PY).RESULTS: In 2000 to 2010, 51 HCV seroconversions were observed, an overall incidence of 5.1 per 1000 PY (95% CI 3.9 to 6.7). Annual incidence varied from 1.6 to 8.9 per 1000 PY, with no statistical evidence of a temporal trend. Risk for seroconversion was elevated among men who had ever had syphilis (adjusted HR 2.5 [95% CI 1.1 to 5.5) and men who had acute syphilis infection in the previous 18 months (adjusted HR 2.8 [95% CI 1.0 to 7.9]). Risk was lower for men who had initiated antiretroviral treatment (adjusted HR 0.49 [95% CI 0.25 to 0.95]). There were no statistically significant effects of age, ethnicity, region, CD4 cell count or HIV viral load.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that periodic HCV rescreening may be appropriate in Ontario among HIV-positive MSM. Future research should seek evidence whether syphilis is simply a marker for high-risk sexual behaviour or networks, or whether it potentiates sexual HCV transmission among individuals with HIV.

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Individual and neighborhood predictors of mortality among HIV-positive Latinos with history of injection drug use, Florida, 2000–2011

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 154 ◽

pp. 243-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Diana M. Sheehan ◽

Mary Jo Trepka ◽

Kristopher P. Fennie ◽

Guillermo Prado ◽

Purnima Madhivanan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Predictors Of Mortality ◽

History Of

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NIDA Looks at Non-Injection Drug Use and Spread of HIV/AIDS: CDC Estimates 250,000 Americans Unaware They are HIV-Positive

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e665132007-001 ◽

2007 ◽

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hiv Aids

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Patients with infective endocarditis and history of injection drug use in a Swedish referral hospital during 10 years

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-05914-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anna Damlin ◽

Katarina Westling

Keyword(s):

Infective Endocarditis ◽

Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

National Registry ◽

Injection Drug ◽

University Hospital ◽

Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Patients with injection drug use (IDU) have increased risk of developing infective endocarditis (IE). Previous studies have reported recurrent IE, increased duration of hospital stay, poor adherence and compliance as well as higher mortality and worse outcomes after surgery in the IDU-IE patient group. Further studies are needed to provide a basis for optimized care and prevention of readmissions in this population. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes among patients with IDU-IE. Methods Data of adults with IDU-IE and non-IDU-IE, treated between 2008 and 2017 at the Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm were obtained from the Swedish National Registry of Infective Endocarditis. Clinical characteristics, microbiological results, treatment durations, results from echocardiography and in-hospital mortality were compared between the groups. Results Of the total 522 patients, 165 (32%) had IDU-IE. Patients with IDU-IE were younger than the patients with non-IDU-IE (mean age IDU-IE: 41.6 years, SD 11.9 years; non-IDU-IE: 64.3 years, SD 16.4 years; P < 0.01). No difference in distribution of gender was observed, 33% were females in both the IDU-IE and the non-IDU-IE group. History of previous IE (IDU-IE: n = 49, 30%; non-IDU-IE: n = 34, 10%; P < 0.01) and vascular phenomena (IDU-IE: n = 101, 61%; non-IDU-IE: n = 120, 34%; P < 0.01) were more common among patients with IDU-IE while prosthetic heart valves (IDU-IE: n = 12, 7%; non-IDU-IE: n = 83, 23%; P < 0.01) and known valvular disease (IDU-IE: n = 3, 2%; non-IDU-IE: n = 78, 22%; P < 0.01) were more common among patients with non-IDU-IE. Aetiology of Staphylococcus aureus (IDU-IE: n = 123, 75%; non-IDU-IE: n = 118, 33%; P < 0.01) as well as tricuspid (IDU-IE: n = 91, 55%; non-IDU-IE: n = 23, 6%; P < 0.01) or pulmonary valve vegetations (IDU-IE: n = 7, 4%; non-IDU-IE: n = 2, 1%; P < 0.01) were more common in the IDU-IE group. The overall incidence of IDU-IE decreased during the study period, while the incidence of definite IE increased (P < 0.01). Conclusions This study presents that patients with IDU-IE were younger, less frequently treated with surgery and had higher prevalence of vascular phenomena and history of previous IE, aspects that are important for improved management of this population.

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Lifetime and past-month substance use and injection among street-based female sex workers in Iran

Harm Reduction Journal ◽

10.1186/s12954-021-00477-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Payam Roshanfekr ◽

Mehrdad Khezri ◽

Salah Eddin Karimi ◽

Meroe Vameghi ◽

Delaram Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Female Sex ◽

History Of ◽

Group Sex

Abstract Background Street-based female sex workers (FSWs) are highly at risk of HIV and other harms associated with sex work. We assessed the prevalence of non-injection and injection drug use and their associated factors among street-based FSWs in Iran. Methods We recruited 898 FSWs from 414 venues across 19 major cities in Iran between October 2016 and March 2017. Correlates of lifetime and past-month non-injection and injection drug use were assessed through multivariable logistic regression models. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Results Lifetime and past-month non-injection drug use were reported by 60.3% (95% CI 51, 84) and 47.2% (95% CI 38, 67) of FSWs, respectively. The prevalence of lifetime and past-month injection drug use were 8.6% (95% CI 6.9, 10.7) and 3.7% (95% CI 2.6, 5.2), respectively. Recent non-injection drug use was associated with divorced marital status (AOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.07, 3.74), temporary marriage (AOR 4.31 [1.79, 10.40]), had > 30 clients per month (AOR 2.76 [1.29, 5.90]), ever alcohol use (AOR 3.03 [1.92, 6.79]), and history of incarceration (AOR 7.65 [3.89, 15.30]). Similarly, lifetime injection drug use was associated with ever alcohol use (AOR 2.74 [1.20–6.20]), ever incarceration (AOR 5.06 [2.48–10.28]), and ever group sex (AOR 2.44 [1.21–4.92]). Conclusions Non-injection and injection drug use are prevalent among street-based FSWs in Iran. Further prevention programs are needed to address and reduce harms associated with drug use among this vulnerable population in Iran.

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Outpatient Medical Care of Injection Drug Use Related HIV

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/095646249200300204 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 96-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

R P Brettle ◽

S M Gore ◽

A McNeil

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug Use ◽

Injection Drug ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Initial Increase ◽

Medical Clinic ◽

Loss To Follow Up ◽

Disease Unit

By the end of March 1990 470 HIV positive patients, 77% injection drug use (IDU) related, had attended the outpatient department of the Regional Infectious Disease Unit with a cumulative loss to follow-up of only 20%. Coincident with the prescribing of oral methadone and a specific all-day IDU-related HIV medical clinic the total number of appointments increased from 28/month in May 1986 to 300/month in May 1989 ( P< 0.001) and the number of defaulted appointments decreased from a maximum of 60% (17/28) to 16% (48/294, P<0.001) in these months. There was a significant initial increase in the number of defaulted appointments for the infectious disease (ID) clinics from 11% (77/726) to 16% (124/797, P<0.01) which returned to previous levels once a specific IDU-related HIV clinic was established. There was also a significant decline in the number of new patients referred which was greater for the urinary tract infection clinics (108 to 56 per 6 months, P<0.0001) than for the ID clinics (119 to 88 per 6 months, P<0.05).

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