Hollow SiO2 microspheres in-situ doped poly(ionicliquid)s gels as efficient solar steam generators for desalination

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohu Xiao ◽  
Qimeige Hasi ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Yuhan Zhang ◽  
Hailing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Generators ◽  
Sio2 Microspheres

Traceability of Thermal Power Measurments: Modified Venturi Tubes

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herb Estrada ◽  
Don Augenstein ◽  
Ernie Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Power ◽  
Pressurized Water Reactor ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Flow Meters ◽  
Tube Type ◽  
Traceable Calibration ◽  
Flow Element

This is the second of two papers describing the traceability of nuclear feedwater flow measurements. The first considered the challenges and methodology for establishing the traceability of chordal ultrasonic flow meters. This paper considers the challenges of establishing the traceability in a measurement using a flow element of the modified venturi tube type. It specifically considers the assumptions and uncertainties associated with the extrapolation, for use in the field, of tube calibration factors measured in the laboratory. To quantify these uncertainties, the in-situ performance of four modified venturi tubes is compared with the performance of four 8-path chordal ultrasonic flowmeters. The data analyzed were collected in the feeds of four steam generators in a large pressurized water reactor plant, each feed containing one meter of each type. The meters were initially calibrated in this series arrangement in a NIST traceable calibration lab and then operated in the same arrangement in the field.

Characterization of the Radiochemical Activity in CANDU Steam Generators

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Husain ◽  
Yury Verzilov ◽  
Sriram Suryanarayan ◽  
Armando B. Antoniazzi
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Interim Storage ◽  
Secondary Side

The scope of mid-life refurbishment activities at some CANDU plants includes replacement of the existing steam generators. Shipment of the discarded steam generators for interim storage, intact disposal or for recycling via metal melting requires an assessment of dose rates and the inventory of radionuclides within the components. Kinectrics was contracted by CANDU utility owners to develop such data. This paper presents the detailed methodology employed to develop dose rate and radionuclide inventory data for radionuclides within both in-service and the out-of-service (in-storage) steam generators. The data were developed as follows: a) archived tube sections from various steam generators were characterized; scaling factors were derived using the detailed alpha and beta activity data obtained, b) in-situ gamma spectrometry (using germanium and cadmium zinc telluride detectors) and dose rate surveys were performed at various steam generators and c) a detailed assessment of the tritium inventory in various primary and secondary side components was performed.

scholarly journals Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Poly (dimethylsiloxane) Membranes by Incorporating SiO2 Microspheres Generated Silver Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihui Shen ◽  
Yixuan Shan ◽  
Yang Lü ◽  
Peng Xue ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Click Reaction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thiol Group ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sio2 Microspheres

The nonspecific adsorption of proteins and bacteria on the surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) had been a serious concern in a wide range of applications, such as medical devices. In order to improve the anti-adhesive and antibacterial capability, bare silver nanoparticles (AgNPs, ~15 nm) were generated in-situ on their surface without extra reducing and stabilizing agents. The main reason for this was that the SiO2 microspheres that are covalent bonded to the bulked PDMS could not only generate AgNPs spontaneously but also insure that no AgNPs were released to the environment. Meanwhile, the thiol-group-functionalized SiO2 microspheres self-assembled on the surface of PDMS by thiol-vinyl click reaction without any impact on their biomedical applications. After the modification of SiO2 microspheres with AgNPs, the surface of PDMS showed a smaller water contact angle than before, and the adhesion and growth of E. coli and Bacillus subtilis were effectively inhibited. When the monolayer of SiO2 microspheres with AgNPs was assembled completely on the surface of PDMS, they present improved bacterial resistance performance (living bacteria, 0%). This approach offers an antibacterial and anti-adhesive surface bearing small and well-defined quantities of in-situ generated AgNPs, and it is a novel, green, simple, and low-cost technique to generate AgNPs on soft biomedical substrates.

In situ corrosion monitoring of steam generators

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin W. Kendig ◽  
Hugh S. Isaacs
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Monitoring ◽  
Steam Generators

Rendez vous with Saturn's rings

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 743-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry T. Nock
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Low Thrust ◽  
Ring Plane ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Total Impulse ◽  
Saturn's Rings

ABSTRACTA mission to rendezvous with the rings of Saturn is studied with regard to science rationale and instrumentation and engineering feasibility and design. Future detailedin situexploration of the rings of Saturn will require spacecraft systems with enormous propulsive capability. NASA is currently studying the critical technologies for just such a system, called Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP). Electric propulsion is the only technology which can effectively provide the required total impulse for this demanding mission. Furthermore, the power source must be nuclear because the solar energy reaching Saturn is only 1% of that at the Earth. An important aspect of this mission is the ability of the low thrust propulsion system to continuously boost the spacecraft above the ring plane as it spirals in toward Saturn, thus enabling scientific measurements of ring particles from only a few kilometers.

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