Design and Development of Foot Operated Areca-Nut Leaf Plate Manufacturing Machine

This paper describes the techniques for design and development of areca-nut leaf plate making machine which uses manual power (foot operated) as the main power source. The primary purpose of this research is the utilization of generally wasted areca-nut leaf sheath for the production of bio-degradable areca-nut leaf plates by the development of machine, which can be operated easily at home. This machine mainly uses mild steel for the development of the parts such as lower and upper die, frame, pedal, connecting links and shafts. The force applied at the pedal is transferred to moving upper die, which then presses the areca-nut leaf sheath placed above the fixed lower die, resulting areca-nut leaf sheath plates within 15 seconds of pressing. Keywords: Areca-nut leaf, Bio degradable, Foot operated

Electronic packaging cabinets simplified modeling, simulation, and experimental validation for systems engineering

A simplified three-dimensional mathematical model for electronic packaging cabinets was derived from physical laws. Tridimensionality resulted from the domain division in volume elements (VEs) with uniform properties, each with one temperature, and empirical and theoretical correlations allowed for modeling their energetic interaction, thus producing ordinary differential equations (ODEs) temperatures versus time system. The cabinet (2048 mm × 1974 mm × 850 mm) thermal response with one heat source was measured. Data set 1 with a 1.6-kW power source was used for model adjustment by solving an inverse problem of parameter estimation (IPPE) having the cabinet internal average air velocities as adjustment parameters. Data set 2 obtained with a 3-kW power source validated model results. The converged mesh had a total of 7500 VE. The steady-state solution took between 16 and 19 s of CPU time to reach convergence and less than 3 min to obtain the 6500-s cabinet dynamic response under variable loading conditions, in an Intel CORE i7 computer. After validation, the model was used to study the impact of heat source height on system thermal response. Fundamentally, a sharp minimum junction temperature Tjct,min = 98.5 °C was obtained in the system hot spot at an optimal heat source height, which was 25.7 °C less than the highest calculated value within the investigated range (0.1 m < zjct < 1.66 m) for the 1.6-kW power setting, which characterizes the novelty of the research, and is worth to be pursued, no matter how complex the actual cabinet design may be.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Semispherical Solar Still, Chamber Stepwise Basin, with and without a PV Powered Electrical Heater

The world's need for drinkable water is increasing with a growing population. The desalination process using solar energy is the cheapest and most straightforward method that can be used to generate pure water from saline water by utilizing energy from the sun's free heat source. A semispherical and chamber stepwise basin solar still with an inclined glass cover, with and without PV powered electrical heaters as another power source can increase the rate of evaporation of saline water, thus increasing the productivity of semispherical solar still. In this investigation, a conventional solar still and semispherical solar still with and without PV-powered electrical heaters were invented and worked in parallel with the experimental setup to make a good comparison between these models. The experimental results show that stepped semispherical with PV-powered electrical heater and without PV-powered electrical heater solar stills enhanced the productivity of freshwater from a conventional solar still by 156.6% and 72.5%, respectively. The theoretically simulated model is obtained using Mathcad software, and is compared with experimental results. Semispherical solar still productivity increases with increased solar intensity and with a PV-powered electrical heater as an additional power source. The theoretical results concluded from the mathematical model are in good agreement with experimental results.

Implementation and Demonstration of Electric Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) Application

This chapter emphasizes the utilization of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) as a backup power source for residential loads in under-developing and developing countries. It works as a source of energy in residential micro-grid based on the condition of vehicle battery without harming its function as an EV (electric vehicle). The suggested V2H system uses solar PV power to charge vehicle battery; therefore, the entire system works as a residential nano-grid system. The EV is considered as a load of home when its batteries are charged by solar PV or grid. However, the main emphasis is given to use solar PV power to reduce charging from the grid. The key objectives of this work are to minimize the energy cost of a household by reducing the dependency of residential loads on the power grid to enhance the reliability of power supply to residential loads during load shedding and blackouts and to maximize the utilization of power produced by solar PV array mounted on the rooftop.

Visible-light-mediated Regioselective Synthesis of Novel Thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazoles: Advantageous Synthetic Application of Aqueous Conditions

From a green chemistry perspective, sustainable irradiations as the power source and water as solvent have certainly grabbed the attention of chemists in recent times as these efforts reduce hazardous...

Footstep Power Generation

Piezoelectric energy harvesting is the new upcoming green and clean energy which works on piezoelectric principle. The lost energies are being captured and restored by the transducer and piezoelectric sensor in to a battery. The vibrations and motions caused by humans and machines will be used and stored in battery are being used by the small and low power electronic component and wireless technology, starts being to develop recently and so, necessary steps are taken to develop and find a new power source from harvesting technique. The power and energy from different sources are commonly used and simple power harvesting circuits will replace the power supplies which is currently used. These materials harvest small amount of energy which are ignored and wasted in the surrounding but this energy can be useful for powering the small electrical components in a system. The research made to accumulate the power through this method and sources so an estimate amount of energy can be produced and stored. At the end of this project, the outcomes should be a stable power source to charge a battery and light a bulb of small watt and further can be used for multiple tasks and applications. Keywords: Energy harvesting, Piezoelectric sensors, Solid works Analysis

Analysis of a Relaxation Process Caused by the Load Variation Adapted on the Basis of Second Order Electrical Model

The relaxation process of lithium batteries caused by load variation is considered. It is shown that such processes have strong dependence on internal physical and chemical processes and battery technical conditions. Theoretical expressions of the relaxation process caused by a step-like load variation have been obtained for 1st and 2nd order equivalent electrical circuits. The experimental investigations show that the obtained models fit the real relaxation processes and the behavior of the identified parameters could be explained by specific features of physical and chemical processes within the lithium battery. It should be noted that the obtained results can be generalized for a different type of electrochemical power source. The proposed approach makes it possible to provide means for electrochemical power source characterization and diagnostic, the main advantages of which are good time localization of measurement procedures and inexpensive apparatus implementation.

Footstep Power Generation Using Piezoelectric Sensor

Man has needed and used energy at an increasing rate for the sustenance and well-being since time immemorial. Due to this a lot of energy resources have been exhausted and wasted. Proposal for the utilization of waste energy of foot power with human locomotion is very much relevant and important for highly populated countries like India where the railway station, temples etc., are overcrowded all round the clock. When the flooring is engineered with piezo electric technology, the electrical energy produced by the pressure is captured by floor sensors and converted to an electrical charge by piezo transducers, then stored and used as a power source. And this power source has many applications as in agriculture, home application and street lighting and as energy source for sensors in remote locations. This paper is all about generating electricity when people walk on the Floor. Think about the forces you exert which is wasted when a person walks. The idea is to convert the weight energy to electrical energy The Power generating floor intends to trans- late the kinetic energy to the electrical power. Energy Crisis is the main issue of world these days. The motto of this research work is to face this crisis somehow. Though it won't meet the requirement of electricity but as a matter of fact if we are able to design a power generating floor that can produce 100W on just 12 steps, then for 120 steps we can produce 1000 Watt and if we install such type of 100 floors with this system then it can produce 1MegaWatt. Which itself is an achievement to make it significant. Keywords: Piezoelectric sensor, Footstep, remote location, force and pressure, power generation