scholarly journals LRIG1 Extracellular Domain: Structure and Function Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 427 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibin Xu ◽  
Priscilla Soo ◽  
Francesca Walker ◽  
Hui Hua Zhang ◽  
Nicholas Redpath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domain Structure ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Extracellular Domain ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

Structure and function analysis of a CC-NBS-LRR protein AT1G12290

2021 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Huang ◽  
Xiaoqiu Wu ◽  
Kaiting Sun ◽  
Zhiyong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Lrr Protein

Abstract 112: Cardiac-specific Constitutive Activation of Nrf2 Induces Reductive Stress and Pathological Cardiac Remodeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gobinath Shanmugam ◽  
Madhusudhanan Narasimhan ◽  
Jolyn Fernandes ◽  
Kevin Whitehead ◽  
Silvio H Litovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Reductive Stress ◽  
Chronic Activation ◽  
And Function

Background: Heart failure is a growing cause of human morbidity and mortality. Supplementations of free radical scavenging antioxidants have largely failed to protect the myocardium from oxidative stress diseases. While endogenous transcriptional activation of antioxidants appears to be promising, their chronic effects are unknown. Here, we tested a hypothesis that chronic activation of antioxidant system will result in reductive stress (RS) and lead to pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Methods: Novel transgenic (TG) mice expressing constitutively active Nrf2 in the heart (α-MHC-caNrf2-TG) and their littermates were used to study the effects on structure and function of the myocardium. Myocardial glutathione redox state (GSH/GSSG), transcript levels (qPCR), and protein (immunoblotting) for Nrf2-related antioxidants and structure and function analysis (echocardiography - Vevo2100 Imager) in Non-transgenic (NTg), TG-low and TG-high mice (n=6-12/gp.) were performed at 6-8 months of age. Further, changes in cardiomyocytes and rate of survival in TG mice were analyzed. Results: Kaplan-Meier survival plots demonstrated 10 and 40% mortality in TG-low and TG-high, respectively, compared to NTG by 60 weeks of age. The myocardial glutathione and its redox ratio (GSH/GSSG) were significantly increased (p<0.05) in the TG-low and TG-high compared with NTg mice indicates development of RS. A significant increase in Nrf2-ARE (promoter) binding with increased expression of antioxidant genes and proteins (p<0.05) were noted in TG vs. NTg mice. Increased heart-to-body weight and heart weight to tibia length ratios were prominent in TG-high relative to NTg or TG-low mice. Histological analyses (WGA, H&E staining) showed increased cardiomyocyte size, ventricular wall thickening and decreased chamber volume in TG mice. Echocardiography analyses revealed significant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with abnormally increased ejection fraction (HCM i EF) due to chronic reductive stress. Conclusion: Thus, basal attenuation of the obligatory oxidative signaling with chronic activation of Nrf2-antioxidants could shift the redox equilibrium to “reductive” side and thereby causing pathological cardiac remodeling.

scholarly journals Structure and function of an ectopic Polycomb chromatin domain

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. eaau9739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip De ◽  
Yuzhong Cheng ◽  
Ming-an Sun ◽  
Natalie D. Gehred ◽  
Judith A. Kassis
Keyword(s):  
Domain Structure ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Polycomb Group ◽  
Chromatin Domain ◽  
Repressive Mark ◽  
Group Response ◽  
Dna Elements ◽  
And Function

Polycomb group proteins (PcGs) drive target gene repression and form large chromatin domains. InDrosophila, DNA elements known as Polycomb group response elements (PREs) recruit PcGs to the DNA. We have shown that, within theinvected-engrailed(inv-en) Polycomb domain, strong, constitutive PREs are dispensable for Polycomb domain structure and function. We suggest that the endogenous chromosomal location imparts stability to this Polycomb domain. To test this possibility, a 79-kbentransgene was inserted into other chromosomal locations. This transgene is functional and forms a Polycomb domain. The spreading of the H3K27me3 repressive mark, characteristic of PcG domains, varies depending on the chromatin context of the transgene. Unlike at the endogenous locus, deletion of the strong, constitutive PREs from the transgene leads to both loss- and gain-of function phenotypes, demonstrating the important role of these regulatory elements. Our data show that chromatin context plays an important role in Polycomb domain structure and function.

scholarly journals Structure-function analysis of Arabidopsis TOPLESS reveals fundamental conservation of repression mechanisms across eukaryotes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander R. Leydon ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Hardik P. Gala ◽  
Sabrina Gilmour ◽  
Samuel Juarez-Solis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Middle Domain ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Repression Domain

SummaryThe plant corepressor TOPLESS (TPL) is recruited to a large number of loci that are selectively induced in response to developmental or environmental cues, yet the mechanisms by which it inhibits expression in the absence of these stimuli is poorly understood. Previously, we had used the N-terminus of Arabidopsis thaliana TPL to enable repression of a synthetic auxin response circuit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast). Here, we leveraged the yeast system to interrogate the relationship between TPL structure and function, specifically scanning for repression domains. We identified a potent repression domain in Helix 8 located within the CRA domain, which directly interacted with the Mediator middle domain subunits Med21 and Med10. Interactions between TPL and Mediator were required to fully repress transcription in both yeast and plants. In contrast, we found that multimer formation, a conserved feature of many corepressors, had minimal influence on the repression strength of TPL.

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