Maternal Obesity, Gestational Weight Gain, and Offspring Adiposity: The Exploring Perinatal Outcomes among Children Study

Abstract Background Pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain were related to perinatal outcomes. It was not know the changes of pre-pregnancy body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy and its effect on perinatal outcomes in two-child women.Methods This was a retrospective study. Data of single term women delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were collected from July 2017 to June 2018. Gestational weight gain criteria of the American Institute of Medical Research and pre-pregnancy body mass index classes were used to evaluate the effects on pregnancy outcomes.Results A total of 3049 cases were enrolled in the study. Overweight cases was 9.0% and obesity was 2.4%. The weight gain of the two-child women was less than that of primipara(12.4±3.9vs13.3±4.0kg, P<0.001). The proportion of primipara with excessive weight gain was higher compared to two-child women(20.1%versus17.3%, P<0.001). There were 40.0% overweight primipara and 55.2% of two-child women had excessive weight gain. And 40.5% primipara and 54.5% two-child women of obesity had excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Obese primipara increased the risk of pre-eclampsia (aOR2.38, 95%CI 0.76-7.46). And the odds of diabetes mellitus and large for gestational age also increased in this group (aOR3.49, 95%CI 1.46-8.35 and aOR7.65, 95%CI 1.83-31.97, respectively). Two-child women had similar results. Underweight primipara with excessive weight gain increased the pre-eclampsia risk (aOR2.26, 95%CI 0.29-17.46). Normal weight and overweight/obese primipara also had similar results. But in two-child women, only overweight/obesity increased the risk of pre-eclampsia (aOR2.01, 95%CI 0.41-9.98). Underweight two-child women with less weight gain increased the risk of diabetes(aOR2.06, 95%CI 0.43-9.8). Two-child women with overweight/obese increased the odds of LGA even if they had less weight gain(aOR2.58, 95%CI 0.11-63.22). Normal weight primipara and two-child women with overweight and obese with excessive weight gain had similar results. On the other way, underweight primipara with less weight gain increased the risk of SGA(aOR1.74, 95%CI 0.81-3.76).Conclusions Gestational weight gain of two-child women was less than primipara. Overweight/obese women with excessive weight gain of two-child women increased the risk of adverse outcomes.

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Impact of maternal obesity on pregnancy course and maternal and perinatal complications

Medicinski podmladak ◽

10.5937/mp71-27850 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 54-58

Author(s):

Milan Lacković

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Pregnancy Complications ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Perinatal Complications ◽

Anthropometric Parameter ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Excessive Gestational Weight Gain

The prevalence of obesity and obesity-related health problems is increasing worldwide, especially among woman and man of reproductive age and obesity is designated as one of the most important global health threats in 21st century. Pregnancy in obese woman is considered as a high-risk pregnancy. Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are distinct risk factors with differing associated adverse outcomes, but they could also carry a cumulative negative impact on pregnancy course. Pre-pregnancy obesity is the anthropometric parameter most strongly correlated with perinatal complications. Maternal complications following obesity include antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum complications, such as pregnancy related hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, venous thromboembolism, labor dystocia, labor induction, instrumental and cesarean delivery. Fetal complications related to maternal obesity might include increased prevalence of congenital anomalies, growth abnormalities, prematurity and stillbirth. Pre- pregnancy overweight and obesity is a potentially modifiable risk factor compromising pregnancy outcome. Among all complications that might arise during pregnancy and that could not be predicted and therefore prevented, pre- pregnancy overweight and obesity management control can significantly reduce potential pregnancy complications. Pre-conceptual counseling should provide in a timely manner awareness of this arising medical condition and provide risk reduction of complications following pre- pregnancy obesity and excessive GWG obesity, pre-pregnancy obesity, excessive gestational weight gain, pregnancy risk factors, pregnancy complications

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Maternal obesity, gestational weight gain, and risk of asthma and atopic disease in offspring: A study within the Danish National Birth Cohort

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.jaci.2012.09.008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 131 (4) ◽

pp. 1033-1040 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Maria C. Harpsøe ◽

Saima Basit ◽

Peter Bager ◽

Jan Wohlfahrt ◽

Christine Stabell Benn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Atopic Disease ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Danish National Birth Cohort

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Maternal pre‐pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain trajectory, and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics ◽

10.1002/ijgo.13922 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Haibo Li ◽

Chong Miao ◽

Liangjie Xu ◽

Haiyan Gao ◽

Meng Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Body Mass ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

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Fetal and Placental Weight in Pre-Gestational Maternal Obesity (PGMO) vs. Excessive Gestational Weight Gain (EGWG)—A Preliminary Approach to the Perinatal Outcomes in Diet-Controlled Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9113530 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 3530

Author(s):

Mariusz Gujski ◽

Dariusz Szukiewicz ◽

Marta Chołuj ◽

Włodzimierz Sawicki ◽

Iwona Bojar

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Placental Weight ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Excessive Gestational Weight Gain ◽

The Mean

Both pre-gestational maternal obesity (PGMO) and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Here, we conducted a retrospective study to comparatively examine the relation between fetal birth weight (FW) and placental weight (PW) in PGMO (n = 100) compared to EGWG (n = 100) with respect to perinatal outcomes in diet-controlled GDM. The control group was made up of 100 healthy pregnancies. The mean FW and the mean PW in EGWG were correlated with lowered fetal weight/placental weight ratio (FW/PW ratio). The percentage of births completed by cesarean section accounted for 47%, 32%, and 18% of all deliveries (EGWG, PGMO, and controls, respectively), with the predominance of FW-related indications for cesarean section. Extended postpartum hospital stays due to neonate were more frequent in EGWG, especially due to neonatal jaundice (p < 0.05). The results indicate the higher perinatal risk in mothers with EGWG compared to PGMO during GDM-complicated pregnancy. Further in-depth comparative studies involving larger patient pools are needed to validate these findings, the intent of which is to formulate guidelines for GDM patients in respect to management of PGMO and EGWG.

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