Patterned ion exchange membranes for improved power production in microbial reverse-electrodialysis cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Geoffrey M. Geise ◽  
Xi Luo ◽  
Huijie Hou ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis

scholarly journals Correlations between Properties of Pore-Filling Ion Exchange Membranes and Performance of a Reverse Electrodialysis Stack for High Power Density

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Hanki Kim ◽  
Jiyeon Choi ◽  
Namjo Jeong ◽  
Yeon-Gil Jung ◽  
Haeun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Pore Filling ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis

The reverse electrodialysis (RED) stack-harnessing salinity gradient power mainly consists of ion exchange membranes (IEMs). Among the various types of IEMs used in RED stacks, pore-filling ion exchange membranes (PIEMs) have been considered promising IEMs to improve the power density of RED stacks. The compositions of PIEMs affect the electrical resistance and permselectivity of PIEMs; however, their effect on the performance of large RED stacks have not yet been considered. In this study, PIEMs of various compositions with respect to the RED stack were adopted to evaluate the performance of the RED stack according to stack size (electrode area: 5 × 5 cm2 vs. 15 × 15 cm2). By increasing the stack size, the gross power per membrane area decreased despite the increase in gross power on a single RED stack. The electrical resistance of the PIEMs was the most important factor for enhancing the power production of the RED stack. Moreover, power production was less sensitive to permselectivities over 90%. By increasing the RED stack size, the contributions of non-ohmic resistances were significantly increased. Thus, we determined that reducing the salinity gradients across PIEMs by ion transport increased the non-ohmic resistance of large RED stacks. These results will aid in designing pilot-scale RED stacks.

scholarly journals The Influence of Concentration and Temperature on the Membrane Resistance of Ion Exchange Membranes and the Levelised Cost of Hydrogen from Reverse Electrodialysis with Ammonium Bicarbonate

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Yash Dharmendra Raka ◽  
Robert Bock ◽  
Håvard Karoliussen ◽  
Øivind Wilhelmsen ◽  
Odne Stokke Burheim
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Ammonium Bicarbonate ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Thickness ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Ohmic Resistance ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
The Impact

The ohmic resistances of the anion and cation ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) that constitute a reverse electrodialysis system (RED) are of crucial importance for its performance. In this work, we study the influence of concentration (0.1 M, 0.5 M, 1 M and 2 M) of ammonium bicarbonate solutions on the ohmic resistances of ten commercial IEMs. We also studied the ohmic resistance at elevated temperature 313 K. Measurements have been performed with a direct two-electrode electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. As the ohmic resistance of the IEMs depends linearly on the membrane thickness, we measured the impedance for three different layered thicknesses, and the results were normalised. To gauge the role of the membrane resistances in the use of RED for production of hydrogen by use of waste heat, we used a thermodynamic and an economic model to study the impact of the ohmic resistance of the IEMs on hydrogen production rate, waste heat required, thermochemical conversion efficiency and the levelised cost of hydrogen. The highest performance was achieved with a stack made of FAS30 and CSO Type IEMs, producing hydrogen at 8.48× 10−7 kg mmem−2s−1 with a waste heat requirement of 344 kWh kg−1 hydrogen. This yielded an operating efficiency of 9.7% and a levelised cost of 7.80 € kgH2−1.

scholarly journals The permselectivity and water transference number of ion exchange membranes in reverse electrodialysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 523 ◽  
pp. 402-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zlotorowicz ◽  
R.V. Strand ◽  
O.S. Burheim ◽  
Ø. Wilhelmsen ◽  
S. Kjelstrup
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis

scholarly journals REMOVED: Ion exchange Membranes for Reverse Electrodialysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1328-1330
Author(s):  
E. Guler ◽  
K. Nijmeijer ◽  
M. Saakes
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis

scholarly journals Custom-Made Ion Exchange Membranes at Laboratory Scale for Reverse Electrodialysis

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Villafaña-López ◽  
Daniel M. Reyes-Valadez ◽  
Oscar A. González-Vargas ◽  
Victor A. Suárez-Toriello ◽  
Jesús S. Jaime-Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Cation Exchange Membrane ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Reverse Electrodialysis ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Salinity gradient power is a renewable, non-intermittent, and neutral carbon energy source. Reverse electrodialysis is one of the most efficient and mature techniques that can harvest this energy from natural estuaries produced by the mixture of seawater and river water. For this, the development of cheap and suitable ion-exchange membranes is crucial for a harvest profitability energy from salinity gradients. In this work, both anion-exchange membrane and cation-exchange membrane based on poly(epichlorohydrin) and polyvinyl chloride, respectively, were synthesized at a laboratory scale (255 c m 2) by way of a solvent evaporation technique. Anion-exchange membrane was surface modified with poly(ethylenimine) and glutaraldehyde, while cellulose acetate was used for the cation exchange membrane structural modification. Modified cation-exchange membrane showed an increase in surface hydrophilicity, ion transportation and permselectivity. Structural modification on the cation-exchange membrane was evidenced by scanning electron microscopy. For the modified anion exchange membrane, a decrease in swelling degree and an increase in both the ion exchange capacity and the fixed charge density suggests an improved performance over the unmodified membrane. Finally, the results obtained in both modified membranes suggest that an enhanced performance in blue energy generation can be expected from these membranes using the reverse electrodialysis technique.

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