A 4-week endurance training program improves tolerance to mental exertion in untrained individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1215-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Filipas ◽  
Kristy Martin ◽  
Joseph M. Northey ◽  
Antonio La Torre ◽  
Richard Keegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Mental Exertion

Regional changes in capillary supply in skeletal muscle of high-intensity endurance-trained rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gute ◽  
C. Fraga ◽  
M. H. Laughlin ◽  
J. F. Amann
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Muscle Fiber Types ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Image Analyzer ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Capillary Supply

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that an endurance training program designed to produce recruitment of all extensor muscle fiber types during each exercise bout would stimulate capillary angiogenesis throughout rat gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exercise trained 5 days/wk for 12–14 wk with exercise bouts consisting of a combination of high intensity (32 m/min on a 15% incline) and long duration (90 min/day). On completion of high-intensity endurance training (HIET) or cage activity [sedentary (Sed)], rat hindquarters were vascularly isolated and perfusion fixed with a modified Karnovsky's fixative. Capillary supply was measured in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles by using Olympus Cue 2 image-analyzer software. Capillary supply was reflected in measurements of capillary-to-fiber ratio, capillary numerical density, capillary surface area density, and capillary volume density on transversely cut tissue sections. HIET increased citrate synthase activity by 20 and 42% in the medial and long heads of the triceps brachii, respectively. Sarcomere lengths were similar in gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of Sed and HIET rats after fixation. All four indexes of capillary supply were significantly greater throughout the gastrocnemius muscle of HIET rats compared with Sed values. The relative increase in capillarity was greater in white than in red gastrocnemius muscle of HIET rats. HIET also increased capillary supply of soleus muscle. However, only capillary numerical density was statistically greater (19%) in HIET soleus compared with Sed. These results support the hypothesis that this training program would produce an increase in capillary supply in all extensor muscles.

scholarly journals The effect of 8 weeks endurance exercise on the content of total and phosphorylated AKT1, mTOR, P70S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in skeletal muscle FHL of rats with type 2 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeedeh Shadmehri ◽  
Mohammad Sherafati Moghadam ◽  
Farhad Daryanoosh ◽  
Shiva Jahani Golbar ◽  
Nader Tanideh
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total P

Introduction: The mTOR pathway in skeletal muscle plays a very important role in the protein synthesis process, which plays a very important role in proteins. The role of endurance exercise has not yet been studied in this important pathway in protein synthesis in people with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks endurance training on the content of total and phosphorylated AKT1, mTOR, P70S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in skeletal muscle FHL of rats with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this experimental study, 16 Sprague-Dawely male rats with average weight of 270±20 were selected and randomly divided into two groups: control (n=8) and endurance training (n=8). The training group exercised according to the training program 4 days a week for 8 weeks. While the control group had no training program. T-test and SPSS V-19 were used to analyze the data. Results: There was not observed any significant difference in the content of total (P=0.58) and phosphorylated (P=0.33) AKT1, total (P=0.47) and phosphorylated (P=0.78) mTOR, total (P=0.24) and phosphorylated (P=0.12) P70S6K1 and total (P=0.45) and phosphorylated (P=0.48) 4E-BP1 proteins in the endurance training group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Endurance training for 8 weeks could not increase the total and phosphorylated content proteins of the present study; therefore, it cannot lead to protein synthesis or muscle hypertrophy through mTORC1 pathway.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an 8-Week Concurrent Strength and Endurance Training program on Hand Cycling Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1861-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonpaul Nevin ◽  
Paul Smith ◽  
Mark Waldron ◽  
Stephen Patterson ◽  
Mike Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Hand Cycling

When is the best moment to apply photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) when associated to a treadmill endurance-training program? A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Foschini Miranda ◽  
Shaiane Silva Tomazoni ◽  
Paulo Roberto Vicente de Paiva ◽  
Henrique Dantas Pinto ◽  
Denis Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Photobiomodulation Therapy ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial

Effect of a 6-month endurance training program on fasting lactate.

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S121
Author(s):  
Charles J. Tanner ◽  
Sarah Heins ◽  
Jennifer S. McCartney ◽  
Cris A. Slentz ◽  
William E. Kraus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training

Maintenance of Strength Gains While Performing Endurance Training in Oarswomen

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Bell ◽  
D. G. Syrotuik ◽  
K. Attwood ◽  
H. A. Quinney
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Ventilation Threshold ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This study investigated the retention of strength gained after resistance training, while performing aerobic endurance training. Following a 10-week resistance training program (three times a week) that included maintenance aerobic endurance training (twice a week), 18 varsity oarswomen were matched on strength and randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 performed maintenance resistance training once a week and Group 2 performed resistance training twice a week. Both groups performed endurance training four times a week during the 6-week maintenance resistance training program. There was a significant increase in strength (multiple-RM test) for three upper and three lower body exercises after the initial 10-week resistance training program. A further significant increase in two exercises (inclined leg press and knee flexion) were observed after 6 weeks of maintenance resistance training and endurance training in both groups. No further significant increases were observed in the four other exercises during maintenance strength training. These latter findings occurred at the same time that VO2max and ventilation threshold increased. These results suggest that strength gains can be maintained with resistance training once or twice a week while focusing on improving aerobic endurance performance without compromising the latter. Key words: repetition maximum, ventilation threshold, endurance performance

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