Seawater-temperature and UV-radiation interaction modifies oxygen consumption, digestive process and growth of an intertidal fish

2017 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Roberto García-Huidobro ◽  
Marcela Aldana ◽  
Cristian Duarte ◽  
Cristóbal Galbán-Malagón ◽  
José Pulgar
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Digestive Process ◽  
Intertidal Fish

scholarly journals Seychelles Lagoon Provides Corals with a Refuge from Bleaching

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Iluz ◽  
Razi Vago ◽  
Nanette E. Chadwick ◽  
Razi Hoffman ◽  
Zvy Dubinsky
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Uv Absorption ◽  
Bleaching Event ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Shallow Lagoon

An extensive bleaching event in the summer of the year 1997-1998 affected most reefs along East Africa's shores. In the aftermath of that episode, the reefs of Île Alphonse in the Seychelles were examined and it was found that reefs along the seaward slopes of the island lost >95% of their branching coral colonies, with considerably higher survival of massive species. Île Alphonse features a nearly circular shallow lagoon, with steep seaward slopes. Contrary to our expectations, mortality in the warmer lagoon was far lower than of coral colonies on the surrounding slopes, bathed in deeper and cooler waters. We suggest that corals in the lagoon were protected from UV radiation by leachate stemming from seagrass leaves steeped in the lagoon. Our measurements in the lagoon showed a strong attenuation of ultraviolet radiation, not observed in the waters outside the lagoon, and laboratory examination confirmed that the strong UV absorption of substances leached into seawater from decomposing leaves of the seagrassThalassodendron (=Cymodocea) testudinaceum. Our findings demonstrate the synergism between elevated seawater temperature and UV radiation in triggering bleaching on shallow reefs.

Adaptations of Coleoptera to the marine environment. I. Observations on rove beetles (Staphylinidae) from sandy beaches

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2464-2468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Topp ◽  
Richard A. Ring
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Rove Beetles ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Time Required

The sandy beaches of British Columbia are inhabited by a small number (11 species) of indigenous Staphylinidae which live near the drift line in the mid to upper littoral zone. They prefer fine-grained sandy beaches and most species feed on other intertidal invertebrates. All species investigated survived submersion in seawater by becoming quiescent, thereby reducing their metabolic rate. Oxygen consumption in seawater was greatly reduced. On re-exposure to air, a large overshoot in oxygen consumption occurred (in Thinopinus pictus), signifying a prior oxygen debt. In Cafius canescens, Cafius seminitens, and Hadrotes crassus the time required to reach full recovery was directly related to the duration of submersion, with 50% mortality in the population when recovery time exceeded 25 min. At a seawater temperature of 10 °C, LT50 was reached at 12–16 h submersion and at 20 °C, after 6.5 h. In Thinopinus pictus, however, recovery time was independent of duration of submersion, although the mortality curves were almost the same as for the three previously mentioned species, with LT50 occurring at 13 h at 10 °C and 7–8.5 h at 20 °C. Bledius monstratus showed symptoms of oxygen depletion only after a considerable time lag. Experimental submersion of this beetle resulted in an LT50 of 18 h at 20 °C.

UV radiation impacts body weight, oxygen consumption, and shelter selection in the intertidal vertebrate Girella laevifrons

2017 ◽  
Vol 578 ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pulgar ◽  
Melany Waldisperg ◽  
Cristóbal Galbán-Malagón ◽  
Diego Maturana ◽  
Victor M Pulgar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Shelter Selection

scholarly journals Differential response to thermal stress of shallow and deep dwelling colonies of Mediterranean red coral Corallium rubrum (L., 1758)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Cau ◽  
Lorenzo Bramanti ◽  
Rita Cannas ◽  
Davide Moccia ◽  
Bachisio Mario Padedda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Bathymetric Range ◽  
Corallium Rubrum ◽  
Red Coral ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Lower Oxygen

Over the last decades, Global Climate Change (GCC) caused increase in seawater temperature, which have shown to be detrimental for Mediterranean red coral populations (Corallium rubrum). Recent researches described how responses to temperature increase can differ depending on location and previous stress history; however, investigations throughout a wide bathymetric range on the thermo-tolerance of specimens sharing the same thermally stable environment are still lacking. In order to test if C. rubrum colonies dwelling below the thermocline threshold have an intrinsic different sensitivity to thermal stress, corals at different depths (32 m and 100 m) were collected, kept in aquaria, and their responses to stress analysed in lab experiments. Oxygen consumption and necrosis dynamics were estimated at different temperature regimes (14°C; 21°C and 25°C). Shallow water samples showed a significant lower oxygen consumption and coenosarc necrosis at all temperatures, revealing a potential higher survival rate in stress conditions. On the other hand, significant differences in oxygen consumption between shallow and deep dwelling samples were detected in the 21°C treatment, and after 5 days in the necrosis experiment, underlining, however, a good capacity of tolerance to temperature increase also in deep colonies. Implications of the obtained results for conservation of Mediterranean red corals are illustrated and discussed. 

Refuge quality to cope with UV radiation affects energy allocation in an intertidal fish

2018 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Vargas ◽  
Cristian Duarte ◽  
Cristóbal Galban-Malagón ◽  
M. Roberto García-Huidobro ◽  
Marcela Aldana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Energy Allocation ◽  
Intertidal Fish

Neutrophil Myeloperoxidase Destruction by Ultraviolet Irradiation

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 138-139
Author(s):  
J. Hanker ◽  
B. Giammara ◽  
G. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Psoriasis Patient ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Cupric Nitrate ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Routine Handling ◽  
Uvb Phototherapy

Only a fraction of the UV radiation emitted by the sun reaches the earth; most of the UVB (290-320nm) is eliminated by stratospheric ozone. There is increasing concern, however, that man-made chemicals are damaging this ozone layer. Although the effects of UV on DNA or as a carcinogen are widely known, preleukemia and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have only rarely been reported in psoriasis patients treated with 8-methoxypsoralen and UV (PUVA). It was therefore of interest to study the effects of UV on the myeloperoxidase (MP) activity of human neutrophils. The peroxidase activity of enriched leukocyte preparations on coverslips was shown cytochemically with a diaminobenzidine medium and cupric nitrate intensification.Control samples (Figs. 1,4,5) of human bloods that were not specifically exposed to UV radiation or light except during routine handling were compared with samples which had been exposed in one of several different ways. One preparation (Fig. 2) was from a psoriasis patient who had received whole-body UVB phototherapy repeatedly.

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