The hybrid Sn–Pb perovskite solar cells with C60 additive were demonstrated to own superior stability and efficiency when exposed to the ambient environment without encapsulation.
An alkaloid-doped C60 ETL enables the rigid and flexible PSCs to exhibit PCEs of 20% and 16%, and retain over 80% of their initial efficiency after storage either under UV irradiation for 336 h or light socking for 1000 h in an ambient environment.
Controlling the grain size of the organic–inorganic perovskite thin films using thiourea additives now crossing 2 μm size with >20% power conversion efficiency.