Deep brain stimulation, vagal nerve stimulation and transcranial stimulation: An overview of stimulation parameters and neurotransmitter release

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1042-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Albert ◽  
C.M. Cook ◽  
F.S. Prato ◽  
A.W. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Neurotransmitter Release ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Vagal Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Transcranial Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Parameters ◽  
Deep Brain

Neurostimulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Aaronson ◽  
Paul Croarkin
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Vagal Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Psychiatric Practice ◽  
Deep Brain

Neurostimulation modalities in psychiatric practice and research efforts use magnetic and electric fields to modulate neuronal functioning. Physicians have used these modalities since ancient history, but most modern brain stimulation treatments developed after the inception electroconvulsive therapy in 1937. Noninvasive brain stimulation generally refers to treatments that do not require surgery, such as electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and transcranial current stimulation. Conversely, deep brain stimulation and vagal nerve stimulation are the two most researched invasive brain stimulation modalities for psychiatric disorders. Treatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been shown to be effective for the treatment of resistant major depressive disorders but is less rapid acting and may be optimal for a different patient population as compared to electroconvulsive therapy. Research focused on transcranial direct current stimulation continues to expand, but its role in clinical psychiatric practice is currently not well defined. Despite mixed and, in some cases, disappointing results, invasive brain stimulation techniques such as deep brain stimulation and vagal nerve stimulation will likely continue to have an important role for certain treatment-resistant populations in psychiatric practice. This review examines the development, basic physiologic mechanisms, and evidence base of neurostimulation modalities in psychiatry.   This review contains 4 figures, 6 tables and 38 references Key Words: deep brain stimulation, invasive, neurostimulation, noninvasive, transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, treatment-resistant depression, vagal nerve stimulation

scholarly journals iHandU: A Novel Quantitative Wrist Rigidity Evaluation Device for Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Múrias Lopes ◽  
Maria do Carmo Vilas-Boas ◽  
Duarte Dias ◽  
Maria José Rosas ◽  
Rui Vaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Stimulation Parameters ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Gyroscope Sensor ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery ◽  
Deep Brain

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is the gold standard therapeutic intervention in Parkinson’s disease (PD) with motor complications, notwithstanding drug therapy. In the intraoperative evaluation of DBS’s efficacy, neurologists impose a passive wrist flexion movement and qualitatively describe the perceived decrease in rigidity under different stimulation parameters and electrode positions. To tackle this subjectivity, we designed a wearable device to quantitatively evaluate the wrist rigidity changes during the neurosurgery procedure, supporting physicians in decision-making when setting the stimulation parameters and reducing surgery time. This system comprises a gyroscope sensor embedded in a textile band for patient’s hand, communicating to a smartphone via Bluetooth and has been evaluated on three datasets, showing an average accuracy of 80%. In this work, we present a system that has seen four iterations since 2015, improving on accuracy, usability and reliability. We aim to review the work done so far, outlining the iHandU system evolution, as well as the main challenges, lessons learned, and future steps to improve it. We also introduce the last version (iHandU 4.0), currently used in DBS surgeries at São João Hospital in Portugal.

scholarly journals Neurosurgery for mental disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Christmas ◽  
Colin Morrison ◽  
Muftah S. Eljamel ◽  
Keith Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Deep Brain

The authors review contemporary indications for neurosurgical interventions in the management of chronic and refractory mental disorder, the procedures involved, their efficacy and known adverse effects. These data are presented within the context of a brief historical overview of the use of neurosurgery for mental disorder. In addition to a consideration of neurosurgical procedures that rely on the creation of putative therapeutic lesions, we also review two novel, non-destructive neurosurgical electrostimulation treatments that may represent viable alternatives to conventional ablative neurosurgery: vagus nerve stimulation and deep brain stimulation.

Diplopia associated with loop routing in deep brain stimulation: illustrative case

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Miyagi ◽  
Eiichirou Urasaki
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Pulse Generators ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Dual Channel ◽  
Stimulation Parameters ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Deep Brain

BACKGROUNDDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is a powerful surgical option for drug-resistant movement disorders; however, electromagnetic interference (EMI) from external sources poses a potential risk for implanted electronics.OBSERVATIONSA 61-year-old woman with Parkinson’s disease originally had two implantable pulse generators (IPGs) for bilateral subthalamic DBS, which were then replaced with one dual-channel IPG routed in a loop. After the replacement surgery, with the same DBS programming as before the IPG replacement (bipolar setting for right, unipolar setting for left), the patient began to complain of transient paroxysmal diplopia. After multiple attempts to adjust the stimulation parameters, the diplopia was resolved by changing the left unipolar setting to a bipolar setting. At the authors’ institution, before the present case, four other patients had undergone IPG replacement with loop routing. None of these previous patients complained of diplopia; however, two of the four presented with diplopia in an experimental unipolar setting.LESSONSClinicians should be aware that loop-routed circuits may generate distortion of the stimulus field in DBS, even in the absence of external EMI sources.

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