Cell adhesion and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) play a crucial role in testicular development and function. The seminiferous epithelium, the functional unit of the testis, represents a three dimensional architecture of supporting Sertoli cells (SC), and developing germ cells (GC). The seminiferous epithelium, therefore, must be receptive not only to individual cell growth and differentiation, but also to cell-cell interactions. Morphologically distinct cell-cell interactions occur between SC and GC and also between SC.[1] In general, these junctions can be categorized into three types: adhesive, occluding, and gap junctions. The orientation and function of these junctions are interaction dependent. For example, desmosome-like junctions (spot desmosomes) are found between SC and GC. These junctions are present in the basal and intermediate compartments of the testis and serve to translocate developing GC. SC-SC interactions, like the zonula occludens (tight junction), function as vectorial mediators, maintaining the blood-testis barrier and SC polarity.
Activity-dependent proteolytic cleavage of cell adhesion molecules regulates excitatory synaptic development and function
