scholarly journals Structural connectivity of Broca's area and medial frontal cortex

NeuroImage ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1230-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Ford ◽  
Keith M. McGregor ◽  
Kimberly Case ◽  
Bruce Crosson ◽  
Keith D. White
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area

scholarly journals Structural Disconnection of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex Reduces Speech Error Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua McCall ◽  
Jonathan Vivian Dickens ◽  
Ayan Mandal ◽  
Andrew Tesla DeMarco ◽  
Mackenzie Fama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Error Monitoring ◽  
Speech Error

Optimal performance in any task relies on the ability to detect and repair errors. The anterior cingulate cortex and the broader posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) are active during error processing. However, it is unclear whether damage to the pMFC impairs error monitoring. We hypothesized that successful error monitoring critically relies on connections between the pMFC and broader cortical networks involved in executive functions and the task being monitored. We tested this hypothesis in the context of speech error monitoring in people with post-stroke aphasia. Diffusion weighted images were collected in 51 adults with chronic left-hemisphere stroke and 37 age-matched control participants. Whole-brain connectomes were derived using constrained spherical deconvolution and anatomically-constrained probabilistic tractography. Support vector regressions identified white matter connections in which lost integrity in stroke survivors related to reduced error detection during confrontation naming. Lesioned connections to the bilateral pMFC were related to reduced error monitoring, including many connections to regions associated with speech production and executive function. We conclude that connections to the pMFC support error monitoring. Error monitoring in speech production is supported by the structural connectivity between the pMFC and regions involved in speech production and executive function. Interactions between pMFC and other task relevant processors may similarly be critical for error monitoring in other task contexts.

scholarly journals Distinct neural networks for the volitional control of vocal and manual actions in the monkey homologue of Broca's area

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalja Gavrilov ◽  
Andreas Nieder
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Primate Evolution ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Spontaneous Movement ◽  
Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Inferior Frontal Cortex

The ventrolateral frontal lobe (Broca's area) of the human brain is crucial in speech production. In macaques, neurons in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, the suggested monkey homologue of Broca's area, signal the volitional initiation of vocalizations. We explored whether this brain area became specialized for vocal initiation during primate evolution and trained macaques to alternate between a vocal and manual action in response to arbitrary cues. During task performance, single neurons recorded from the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and the rostroventral premotor cortex of the inferior frontal cortex predominantly signaled the impending vocal or, to a lesser extent, manual action, but not both. Neuronal activity was specific for volitional action plans and differed during spontaneous movement preparations. This implies that the primate inferior frontal cortex controls the initiation of volitional utterances via a dedicated network of vocal selective neurons that might have been exploited during the evolution of Broca’s area.

scholarly journals Dissociating language and thought in human reasoning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Coetzee ◽  
Micah A. Johnson ◽  
Allan D. Wu ◽  
Marco Iacoboni ◽  
Martin M. Monti
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Language And Thought ◽  
Reverse Pattern ◽  
Complex Reasoning ◽  
Syntactic Relations

AbstractWhat is the relationship between natural language and complex thought? In the context of complex reasoning, there are two main views. Under the first, language is central to the syntax-like combinatorial operations necessary for complex reasoning. Under the second, these operations are independent of the mechanisms of natural language. We used noninvasive brain stimulation to transiently inhibit Broca’s area, a region associated in prior research with parsing the syntactic relations of natural language, and dorsomesial frontal cortex, a region previously described as core for logic reasoning. The dissociative hypothesis of language and deductive reasoning predicts an interaction between stimulated areas and tested functions, which we observed. Transient inhibition of Broca’s area disrupted linguistic processing without affecting deductive reasoning, whereas transient inhibition of dorsomesial frontal cortex exhibited the reverse pattern, albeit not significantly. These results are evidence for the independence of abstract complex reasoning from natural language in the adult brain.

The „narrow faculty“ and Broca's area

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Musso ◽  
A Schneider ◽  
C Büchel ◽  
C Weiller
Keyword(s):  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area

Stay or Go? Neuronal activity in medial frontal cortex during a voluntary tactile preference task in head-fixed mice

Cell Calcium ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 102388
Author(s):  
Alex L. Keyes ◽  
Young-cho Kim ◽  
Peter J. Bosch ◽  
Yuriy M. Usachev ◽  
Georgina M. Aldridge
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex ◽  
Preference Task

scholarly journals SURG-40. SURGICAL RESECTIONS IN BROCA’S AREA DO NOT LEAD TO BROCA’S APHASIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii212-ii212
Author(s):  
John Andrews ◽  
Nathan Cahn ◽  
Benjamin Speidel ◽  
Valerie Lu ◽  
Mitchel Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Surgery ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Supramarginal Gyrus ◽  
Broca's Aphasia ◽  
Broca’S Aphasia ◽  
Language Evaluations ◽  
Lesion Symptom Mapping ◽  
Normal Speech

Abstract Brodmann’s areas 44/45 of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), are the seat of Broca’s area. The Western Aphasia Battery is a commonly used language battery that diagnoses aphasias based on fluency, comprehension, naming and repetition. Broca’s aphasia is defined as low fluency (0-4/10), retained comprehension (4-10/10), and variable deficits in repetition (0-7.9/10) and naming (0-8/10). The purpose of this study was to find anatomic areas associated with Broca’s aphasia. Patients who underwent resective brain surgery in the dominant hemisphere were evaluated with standardized language batteries pre-op, POD 2, and 1-month post-op. The resection cavities were outlined to construct 3D-volumes of interest. These were aligned using an affine transformation to MNI brain space. A voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) algorithm determined areas associated with Broca’s aphasia when incorporated into a resection. Post-op MRIs were reviewed blindly and percent involvement of pars orbitalis, triangularis and opercularis was recorded. 287 patients had pre-op and POD 2 language evaluations and 178 had 1 month post-op language evaluation. 82/287 patients had IFG involvement in resections. Only 5/82 IFG resections led to Broca’s aphasia. 11/16 patients with Broca’s aphasia at POD 2 had no involvement of IFG in resection. 35% of IFG resections were associated with non-specific dysnomia and 36% were normal. By one-month, 76% of patients had normal speech. 80% of patients with Broca’s aphasia at POD 2 improved to normal speech at 1-month, with 20% improved to non-specific dysnomia. The most highly correlated (P< 0.005) anatomic areas with Broca’s aphasia were juxta-sylvian pre- and post-central gyrus extending to supramarginal gyrus. While Broca’s area resections were rarely associated with Broca’s aphasia, juxta-sylvian pre- and post-central gyri extending to the supramarginal gyrus were statistically associated with Broca’s type aphasia when resected. These results have implications for planning resective brain surgery in these presumed eloquent brain areas.

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