scholarly journals Basic Neuroscience Research with Nonhuman Primates: A Small but Indispensable Component of Biomedical Research

Neuron ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1200-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter R. Roelfsema ◽  
Stefan Treue
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Neuroscience Research

scholarly journals Methods Used and Application of the Mouse Grimace Scale in Biomedical Research 10 Years On: A Scoping Review

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Whittaker ◽  
Yifan Liu ◽  
Timothy H. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Wide Range

The Mouse Grimace Scale (MGS) was developed 10 years ago as a method for assessing pain through the characterisation of changes in five facial features or action units. The strength of the technique is that it is proposed to be a measure of spontaneous or non-evoked pain. The time is opportune to map all of the research into the MGS, with a particular focus on the methods used and the technique’s utility across a range of mouse models. A comprehensive scoping review of the academic literature was performed. A total of 48 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The MGS has been employed mainly in the evaluation of acute pain, particularly in the pain and neuroscience research fields. There has, however, been use of the technique in a wide range of fields, and based on limited study it does appear to have utility for pain assessment across a spectrum of animal models. Use of the method allows the detection of pain of a longer duration, up to a month post initial insult. There has been less use of the technique using real-time methods and this is an area in need of further research.

Training nonhuman primates to perform behaviors useful in biomedical research

Lab Animal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Schapiro ◽  
Jaine E. Perlman ◽  
Erica Thiele ◽  
Susan Lambeth
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Nonhuman Primates

scholarly journals A toolbox of nanobodies developed and validated for diverse neuroscience research applications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie-Xian Dong ◽  
Yongam Lee ◽  
Michael Kirmiz ◽  
Stephanie Palacio ◽  
Camelia Dumitras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Tissue Penetration ◽  
Brain Neurons ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
And Function

SUMMARYNanobodies (nAbs) are small, minimal antibodies that have distinct attributes that make them uniquely suited for certain biomedical research, diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Prominent uses include as intracellular antibodies or intrabodies to bind and deliver cargo to specific proteins and/or subcellular sites within cells, and as nanoscale immunolabels for enhanced tissue penetration and improved spatial imaging resolution. Here, we report the generation and validation of nAbs against a set of proteins prominently expressed at specific subcellular sites in brain neurons. We describe a novel hierarchical validation pipeline to systematically evaluate nAbs isolated by phage display for effective and specific use as intrabodies and immunolabels in mammalian cells including brain neurons. These nAbs form part of a robust toolbox for targeting proteins with distinct and highly spatially-restricted subcellular localization in mammalian brain neurons, allowing for visualization and/or modulation of structure and function at those sites.

scholarly journals Methods Used and Application of the Mouse Grimace Scale in Biomedical Research 10 Years on: A Systematic Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Whittaker ◽  
Yifan Liu ◽  
Timothy H. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Wide Range

The Mouse Grimace Scale (MGS) was developed 10 years ago to assess pain through characterisation of changes in five facial features or action units. The strength of the technique is that it is proposed to be a measure of spontaneous or non-evoked pain. A comprehensive scoping review of the academic literature was performed. The MGS has been employed mainly in evaluation of acute pain, particularly in the pain and neuroscience research fields. There has however been use of the technique in a wide range of fields, and based on limited study it does appear to have utility for pain assessment across a spectrum of animal models. Use of the method does allow detection of pain of a longer duration, up to a month post-initial insult. There has been less use of the technique using real-time methods and this is an area in need of further research.

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