Synaptic modification by L-theanine, a natural constituent in green tea, rescues the impairment of hippocampal long-term potentiation and memory in AD mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 331-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqi Zhu ◽  
Sanjuan Yang ◽  
Zhongwen Xie ◽  
Xiaochun Wan
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Synaptic Modification ◽  
Term Potentiation

Plasticity of the Synaptic Modification Range

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 3688-3695 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-S. Rioult-Pedotti ◽  
J. P. Donoghue ◽  
A. Dunaevsky
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Range Shift ◽  
Synaptic Modification ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Initial Learning ◽  
Long Term Retention ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Synaptic Responses

Activity-dependent synaptic plasticity is likely to provide a mechanism for learning and memory. Cortical synaptic responses that are strengthened within a fixed synaptic modification range after 5 days of motor skill learning are driven near the top of their range, leaving only limited room for additional synaptic strengthening. If synaptic strengthening is a requisite step for acquiring new skills, near saturation of long-term potentiation (LTP) should impede further learning or the LTP mechanism should recover after single-task learning. Here we show that the initial learning-induced synaptic enhancement is sustained even long after training has been discontinued and that the synaptic modification range shifts upward. This range shift places increased baseline synaptic efficacy back within the middle of its operating range, allowing prelearning levels of LTP and long-term depression. Persistent synaptic strengthening might be a substrate for long-term retention in motor cortex, whereas the shift in synaptic modification range ensures the availability for new synaptic strengthening.

scholarly journals DYT1 dystonia increases risk taking in humans

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Arkadir ◽  
Angela Radulescu ◽  
Deborah Raymond ◽  
Naomi Lubarr ◽  
Susan B Bressman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
Dyt1 Dystonia ◽  
Synaptic Modification ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Asymmetric Learning

It has been difficult to link synaptic modification to overt behavioral changes. Rodent models of DYT1 dystonia, a motor disorder caused by a single gene mutation, demonstrate increased long-term potentiation and decreased long-term depression in corticostriatal synapses. Computationally, such asymmetric learning predicts risk taking in probabilistic tasks. Here we demonstrate abnormal risk taking in DYT1 dystonia patients, which is correlated with disease severity, thereby supporting striatal plasticity in shaping choice behavior in humans.

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