scholarly journals Long-term effects of a lumbosacral ventral root avulsion injury on axotomized motor neurons and avulsed ventral roots in a non-human primate model of cauda equina injury

Neuroscience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ohlsson ◽  
J.H. Nieto ◽  
K.L. Christe ◽  
L.A. Havton
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Avulsion Injury ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion ◽  
Human Primate

scholarly journals Modulation of the visceromotor reflex by a lumbosacral ventral root avulsion injury and repair in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (5) ◽  
pp. F641-F647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyi H. Chang ◽  
Leif A. Havton
Keyword(s):  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Oblique Muscle ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Noxious Stimulation ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Contraction Duration ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion

Increased abdominal muscle wall activity may be part of a visceromotor reflex (VMR) response to noxious stimulation of the bladder. However, information is sparse regarding the effects of cauda equina injuries on the VMR in experimental models. We studied the effects of a unilateral L6-S1 ventral root avulsion (VRA) injury and acute ventral root reimplantation (VRI) into the spinal cord on micturition reflexes and electromyographic activity of the abdominal wall in rats. Cystometrogram (CMG) and electromyography (EMG) of the abdominal external oblique muscle (EOM) were performed. All rats demonstrated EMG activity of the EOM associated with reflex bladder contractions. At 1 wk after VRA and VRI, the duration of the EOM EMG activity associated with reflex voiding was significantly prolonged compared with age-matched sham rats. However, at 3 wk postoperatively, the duration of the EOM responses remained increased in the VRA series but had normalized in the VRI group. The EOM EMG duration was normalized for both VRA and VRI groups at 8–12 wk postoperatively. CMG recordings show increased contraction duration at 1 and 3 wk postoperatively for the VRA series, whereas the contraction duration was only increased at 1 wk postoperatively for the VRI series. Our studies suggest that a unilateral lumbosacral VRA injury results in a prolonged VMR to bladder filling using a physiological saline solution. An acute root replantation decreased the VMR induced by VRA injury and provides earlier sensory recovery.

Ventral root avulsion: An experimental model of death of adult motor neurons

1994 ◽  
Vol 342 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilis E. Koliatsos ◽  
William L. Price ◽  
Carlos A. Pardo ◽  
Donald L. Price
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Ventral Root Avulsion
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