Field measurements and numerical simulations of the 2004 tsunami impact on the south coast of Sri Lanka

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 960-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Wijetunge
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
South Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
2004 Tsunami

INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI ON 26 DECEMBER 2004: NUMERICAL MODELING OF INUNDATION IN THREE CITIES ON THE SOUTH COAST OF SRI LANKA

2008 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. WIJETUNGE ◽  
XIAOMING WANG ◽  
PHILIP L.-F. LIU
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
The South ◽  
Tsunami Inundation ◽  
Inundation Maps ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
2004 Tsunami

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused enormous loss of lives and damage to property in Sri Lanka and in several other countries bordering the Indian Ocean. One way of mitigating potential loss of lives from a similar event in the future is through early warning and quick evacuation of vulnerable coastal communities to safer areas, and such evacuation planning is usually carried out based on inundation maps. Accordingly, the present paper outlines the numerical modelling carried out to develop tsunami inundation maps on a grid of 10 m resolution for three cities on the south coast of Sri Lanka. The results give the tsunami arrival time contours and the spatial distribution of the extent of inundation, the maximum flow velocities as well as the hydrodynamic force in these three cities due to an event similar to the 2004 tsunami.

Two hitherto unknown Indonesian tsunamis of the seventeenth century: Probabilities and context

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Reid
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
The South ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
2004 Tsunami ◽  
Geological Research

The 2004 tsunami intensified fruitful scientific research into dating past tectonic events in Sumatra, though without comparable work on Java. Geology needs to be informed by careful historical research on documented events, but less such work has been done in Indonesia than in other tectonically endangered areas. This paper examines the historical evidence for two hitherto unknown tsunamis of the seventeenth century. In better-researched Sumatra, Dutch reports that a flood from the sea devastated Aceh in 1660 adds to what the geologists have discovered on the ground. By contrast geological research has barely begun on the south coast of Java. Javanese sources for events before 1800 need careful re-evaluation. The myths around Ratu Kidul, the ‘Queen of the South Seas’, together with more chronologically reliable dated babads, point to a major tsunami in 1618 on the coast south of Yogyakarta.

Changes in frigate tuna populations on the south coast of Sri Lanka: evidence of the shifting baseline syndrome from analysis of fisher observations

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Venkatachalam ◽  
A. R. G. Price ◽  
S. Chandrasekara ◽  
S. Senaratna Sellamuttu ◽  
J. Kaler
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Shifting Baseline

Observations and Measurements of Planktonic Bioluminescence off the South Coast and Puttalam Lagoon of Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-340
Author(s):  
Hewa Bhashithage Udeshika Gangani M Wimalasiri ◽  
Sinhalage Udaya Priyantha Jinadasa ◽  
Dadigamuwage Chamari Tathsaramala Dissanayake ◽  
Hemantha W. Wijesekara ◽  
Alan D. Weidemann
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South Coast ◽  
The South

NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF THE 2004 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMIS — COASTAL EFFECTS

2007 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 273-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOMING WANG ◽  
PHILIP L.-F. LIU
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Difference Model ◽  
Inundation Area ◽  
2004 Sumatra Earthquake ◽  
Nonlinear Shallow Water Equations ◽  
Topographic Characteristics ◽  
Flooded Areas ◽  
Good Agreement

The 2004 Sumatra earthquake and the associated tsunamis are one of the most devastating natural disasters in the last century. The tsunamis flooded a huge coastal area in the surrounding countries, especially in Indonesia, Thailand and Sri Lanka, and caused enormous loss of human lives and properties. In this paper, tsunami inundations in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka and North Banda Aceh, Indonesia were simulated by using a finite-difference model based on nonlinear shallow-water equations. The calculated tsunami heights and inundations in these two regions are compared with the field measurements and observations. Fairly good agreement is observed. Numerical results confirm again that the local bathymetric and topographic characteristics play important roles in determining the inundation area. Numerical simulations further indicate that although nonlinearity becomes important in many dynamic aspects when tsunamis approach the shore, its influence on determining the inundation area is relatively small in the regions examined for this tsunami event. Finally, the potential capability of sediment transport and a force index on a virtual structure in flooded areas are introduced and discussed.

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