Inter- and intraobserver repeatability of orthogonal polarisation spectral imaging assessment of capillary density in healthy children

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
F. Paize ◽  
R. Sarginson ◽  
A. Riordan ◽  
A.P.J. Thomson ◽  
C.A. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Orthogonal Polarisation

scholarly journals Orthogonal polarisation spectral imaging as a new tool for the assessment of antivascular tumour treatment in vivo: a validation study

2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1622-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Pahernik ◽  
A G Harris ◽  
M Schmitt-Sody ◽  
S Krasnici ◽  
A E Goetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Validation Study ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Orthogonal Polarisation

Intraoperative Detection of Early Microvasospasm in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Using Orthogonal Polarization Spectral Imaging

Neurosurgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1307-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eberhard Uhl ◽  
Jens Lehmberg ◽  
Hans-Jakob Steiger ◽  
Konrad Messmer
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Cell Velocity ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization Spectral ◽  
Red Blood Cell Velocity

Abstract OBJECTIVE Changes of major cerebral vessels in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are well known from routine cerebral angiography. Data on changes in the microcirculation do not exist. This study sought to provide a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the cortical microcirculation after SAH. METHODS By means of orthogonal polarization spectral imaging, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of cortical microcirculation was performed during aneurysm surgery in 3 patients with an incidental intracerebral aneurysm and 10 patients with SAH. Vessel diameters, red blood cell velocity, and functional capillary density were analyzed before and after the aneurysm was clipped. RESULTS Initial capillary density in patients with an incidental aneurysm was 91.5 ± 36.5 cm−1 (mean ± standard deviation) compared with 30.5 ± 13.8 in patients with SAH (P < 0.05). In patients with SAH, capillary density increased significantly to 53.9 ± 29.1 cm−1 (P < 0.05) during the operation, as did the frequency of venules with a red blood cell velocity greater than 2 mm/s (P < 0.05). No significant change of arteriolar or venular diameters was observed. However, in patients with SAH, mono- and multisegmental microvasospasms in arterioles were observed, with a reduction of vessel diameters up to 75.1%. CONCLUSION Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging is a suitable method to study cerebral microcirculation during surgery. In patients with SAH, capillary density is significantly decreased and small arteries and arterioles of the cortical surface exhibit vasospasm that cannot be detected by angiography or transcranial Doppler sonography. These changes may contribute to the initial clinical symptoms and may have an influence on the clinical postoperative course.

Impaired vascular function in women with pre-eclampsia observed with orthogonal polarisation spectral imaging

2001 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1148-1153
Author(s):  
Karlijn C. Vollebregt ◽  
Kees Boer ◽  
Keshen R. Mathura ◽  
Jurgen C. Graaff ◽  
Dirk Th. Ubbink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Function ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Orthogonal Polarisation

scholarly journals Monitoring of the Sublingual Microcirculation in Cardiac Surgery Using Orthogonal Polarization Spectral Imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Bauer ◽  
Sieglinde Kofler ◽  
Manfred Thiel ◽  
Sandra Eifert ◽  
Frank Christ
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Functional Capillary Density ◽  
Microvascular Perfusion ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization Spectral ◽  
Rolling Leukocytes

Background The recent introduction of orthogonal polarization spectral imaging enables the direct visualization of the microcirculation of man without imaging enhancing dyes. The authors studied the changes in microvascular perfusion of sublingual mucosa during cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using this optical method. Method Orthogonal polarization spectral images were recorded in 47 patients after skin incision (T1), after the start of CPB (T2), in the late phase of CPB (T3), and 1 h after the discontinuation of CPB (T4). The images were analyzed for microvascular diameter, erythrocyte velocity, and functional capillary density using an established analysis routine for intravital microscopy studies. In a subpopulation (n = 8), the expression of the adhesion molecules CD18 on circulation leukocytes was compared with the number of visualized rolling leukocytes. Results Preoperatively, no significant changes of the microvascular diameter and erythrocyte velocity were seen. The functional capillary density was significantly reduced at T3 to 90% of the values observed before CPB but recovered at T4 and showed a weak but significant correlation with body temperature (r = 0.38, P < 0.01) and hemoglobin concentration (r = 0.20, P < 0.05). Expression of CD18 was significantly increased in the late phase of CPB (T3) only, whereas the numbers of rolling leukocytes increased during CPB and revealed a significant threefold increase 1 h after termination of CPB. Conclusions Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging revealed no major changes of microvascular perfusion during uncomplicated hypothermic CPB. The slightly reduced functional capillary density during CPB may be caused by several factors all present during CPB, including hypothermia, the artificial extracorporeal perfusion, surgical trauma, hemodilution, and inflammatory reaction. The current data do not allow differentiation between the effects of those possible causes.

Impaired vascular function in women with pre-eclampsia observed with orthogonal polarisation spectral imaging

2001 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1148-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlijn C Vollebregt ◽  
Kees Boer ◽  
Keshen R Mathura ◽  
Jurgen C de Graaff ◽  
Dirk Th Ubbink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Function ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Orthogonal Polarisation

The Development of Swallowing Respiratory Coordination

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Maggie-Lee Huckabee
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Activation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Nasal Airflow ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Primary Finding ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
Cortical Modulation ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Swallowing Apnea

Abstract Research exists that evaluates the mechanics of swallowing respiratory coordination in healthy children and adults as well and individuals with swallowing impairment. The research program summarized in this article represents a systematic examination of swallowing respiratory coordination across the lifespan as a means of behaviorally investigating mechanisms of cortical modulation. Using time-locked recordings of submental surface electromyography, nasal airflow, and thyroid acoustics, three conditions of swallowing were evaluated in 20 adults in a single session and 10 infants in 10 sessions across the first year of life. The three swallowing conditions were selected to represent a continuum of volitional through nonvolitional swallowing control on the basis of a decreasing level of cortical activation. Our primary finding is that, across the lifespan, brainstem control strongly dictates the duration of swallowing apnea and is heavily involved in organizing the integration of swallowing and respiration, even in very early infancy. However, there is evidence that cortical modulation increases across the first 12 months of life to approximate more adult-like patterns of behavior. This modulation influences primarily conditions of volitional swallowing; sleep and naïve swallows appear to not be easily adapted by cortical regulation. Thus, it is attention, not arousal that engages cortical mechanisms.

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