scholarly journals Fast-acting antidepressant activity of ketamine: highlights on brain serotonin, glutamate, and GABA neurotransmission in preclinical studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 58-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu Ha Pham ◽  
Alain M. Gardier
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Brain Serotonin ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Fast Acting ◽  
Gaba Neurotransmission

scholarly journals Tramadol Pretreatment Enhances Ketamine-Induced Antidepressant Effects and Increases Mammalian Target of Rapamycin in Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Yang ◽  
Wen-Yuan Li ◽  
Hai-Yin Yu ◽  
Zhi-Qin Gao ◽  
Xiang-Liu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Fast Acting

Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that acute administration of ketamine elicits fast-acting antidepressant effects. Moreover, tramadol also has potential antidepressant effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pretreatment with tramadol on ketamine-induced antidepressant activity and was to determine the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Rats were intraperitoneally administrated with ketamine at the dose of 10 mg/kg or saline 1 h before the second episode of the forced swimming test (FST). Tramadol or saline was intraperitoneally pretreated 30 min before the former administration of ketamine or saline. The locomotor activity and the immobility time of FST were both measured. After that, rats were sacrificed to determine the expression of mTOR in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Tramadol at the dose of 5 mg/kg administrated alone did not elicit the antidepressant effects. More importantly, pretreatment with tramadol enhanced the ketamine-induced antidepressant effects and upregulated the expression of mTOR in rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Pretreatment with tramadol enhances the ketamine-induced antidepressant effects, which is associated with the increased expression of mTOR in rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.

scholarly journals The “Learned Helplessness” Model in Rats: Possibilities and Limitations in Assessing a Depressive-Like State and Effects of Antidepressants

Biomeditsina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
E. A. Valdman ◽  
V. A. Kraineva ◽  
S. O. Kotelnikova ◽  
M. S. Sadovsky
Keyword(s):  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Helplessness Model

The “learned helplessness” (LH) model in rats is widely used in a battery of tests to assess depression-like behaviour and the effects of antidepressants. The model is considered to be suffi ciently valid, though having some limitations with reproducibility. This review discusses the possibilities of using the model for assessing the symptoms of a depressive-like state and the pathogenesis of depression, as well as the effects of antidepressants. The factors affecting the reproducibility of the LH model are described, the most important of which is the different sensitivity of animals to stress. Several protocols for the induction and testing of LH, which are used by different research teams, are presented. Due to the diffi culty of comparing the results obtained using different LH protocols, LH models should be standardized for use in individual laboratories. LH models are worth using in preclinical studies of potential drugs exhibiting antidepressant activity.

Preclinical studies on the radioprotective efficacy and pharmacokinetics of subcutaneously administered amifostine

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (6 Suppl 19) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Cassatt ◽  
Christine A. Fazenbaker ◽  
Gizachew Kifle ◽  
Christine M. Bachy
Keyword(s):  
Preclinical Studies

New statistical ways for analyzing sleep data in clinical and preclinical studies

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Möller ◽  
A Steiger ◽  
L Fahrmeir ◽  
A Yassouridis
Keyword(s):  
Preclinical Studies

Preclinical studies on Myrcludex B, a novel Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-envelope protein derived entry inhibitor

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Schulze ◽  
A Schieck ◽  
C Gähler ◽  
A Meier ◽  
T Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Envelope Protein ◽  
Entry Inhibitor ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
B Virus
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