Spinal Cord Epidural Stimulation for Lower Limb Motor Function Recovery in Individuals with Motor Complete Spinal Cord Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Rejc ◽  
Claudia A. Angeli
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Epidural Stimulation ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Complete Spinal Cord Injury

Epidural stimulation for cardiovascular function increases lower limb lean mass in individuals with chronic motor complete spinal cord injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (10) ◽  
pp. 1684-1691
Author(s):  
Bonnie Legg Ditterline ◽  
Susan J. Harkema ◽  
Andrea Willhite ◽  
Sean Stills ◽  
Beatrice Ugiliweneza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Epidural Stimulation ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Complete Spinal Cord Injury

scholarly journals Predictors of volitional motor recovery with epidural stimulation in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samineh Mesbah ◽  
Tyler Ball ◽  
Claudia Angeli ◽  
Enrico Rejc ◽  
Nicholas Dietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Motor Recovery ◽  
Cervical Cord ◽  
Voluntary Movements ◽  
Epidural Stimulation ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Complete Spinal Cord Injury

Abstract Spinal cord epidural stimulation (scES) has enabled volitional lower extremity movements in individuals with chronic and clinically motor complete spinal cord injury and no clinically detectable brain influence. The aim of this study was to understand whether the individuals’ neuroanatomical characteristics or positioning of the scES electrode were important factors influencing the extent of initial recovery of lower limb voluntary movements in those with clinically motor complete paralysis. We hypothesized that there would be significant correlations between the number of joints moved during attempts with scES prior to any training interventions and the amount of cervical cord atrophy above the injury, length of post-traumatic myelomalacia and the amount of volume coverage of lumbosacral enlargement by the stimulation electrode array. The clinical and imaging records of 20 individuals with chronic and clinically motor complete spinal cord injury who underwent scES implantation were reviewed and analysed using MRI and X-ray integration, image segmentation and spinal cord volumetric reconstruction techniques. All individuals that participated in the scES study (n = 20) achieved, to some extent, lower extremity voluntary movements post scES implant and prior to any locomotor, voluntary movement or cardiovascular training. The correlation results showed that neither the cross-section area of spinal cord at C3 (n = 19, r = 0.33, P = 0.16) nor the length of severe myelomalacia (n = 18, r = −0.02, P = 0.93) correlated significantly with volitional lower limb movement ability. However, there was a significant, moderate correlation (n = 20, r = 0.59, P = 0.006) between the estimated percentage of the lumbosacral enlargement coverage by the paddle electrode as well as the position of the paddle relative to the maximal lumbosacral enlargement and the conus tip (n = 20, r = 0.50, P = 0.026) with the number of joints moved volitionally. These results suggest that greater coverage of the lumbosacral enlargement by scES may improve motor recovery prior to any training, possibly because of direct modulatory effects on the spinal networks that control lower extremity movements indicating the significant role of motor control at the level of the spinal cord.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Motor Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Mice by Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor mRNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 465-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel T. Crowley ◽  
Yuta Fukushima ◽  
Satoshi Uchida ◽  
Kazunori Kataoka ◽  
Keiji Itaka
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Cord Injury

Limited functional recovery in rats with complete spinal cord injury after transplantation of whole-layer olfactory mucosa

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Aoki ◽  
Haruhiko Kishima ◽  
Kazuhiro Yoshimura ◽  
Masahiro Ishihara ◽  
Masaki Ueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Olfactory Mucosa ◽  
Respiratory Mucosa ◽  
Locomotor Recovery ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Complete Spinal Cord Injury

Object The olfactory mucosa (OM) consists of 2 layers, the epithelium and the lamina propria. Attempts have been made to restore motor function in rat models of spinal cord injury (SCI) by transplanting olfactory ensheathing cells from the lamina propria, but there has been no attempt to transplant the OM in animal models. To investigate the potential of the OM to restore motor function, the authors developed a rat model of SCI and delayed transplantation of syngenic OM. Methods Two weeks after complete transection of the spinal cord at the T-10 level in Wistar rats, pieces of syngenic whole-layer OM were transplanted into the lesion. Rats that underwent respiratory mucosa transplantation were used as controls. The authors evaluated the locomotor activity according to the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale for 8 weeks after transplantation. Obtained spinal cords were analyzed histologically. Results The OM transplantation rats showed significantly greater hindlimb locomotor recovery than the respiratory mucosa–transplanted rats. However, the recovery was limited according to the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale. In the histological examination, the serotonergic raphespinal tract was regenerated. The pseudocyst cavity volume in the vicinity of the SCI lesion correlated negatively with the functional recovery. Conclusions Transplantation of whole-layer OM in rats contributes to functional recovery from SCI, but the effect is limited. In addition to OM transplantation, other means would be necessary for better outcomes in clinical situations.

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