Cyclic uniaxial mechano optical studies on stress-softening behavior of natural rubber/clay nanocomposites

Polymer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurong Liang ◽  
Yingjie Tan ◽  
Yuanhao Guo ◽  
Mingzheng Hao ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Optical Studies ◽  
Stress Softening ◽  
Softening Behavior

Preparation and Characterization of Natural Rubber/Organophilic Clay Nanocomposites

2015 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
M. Gonzales-Fernandes ◽  
F. J. Esper ◽  
M. G. Silva-Valenzuela ◽  
G. R. Martín-Cortés ◽  
F. R. Valenzuela-Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Organophilic Clay

Strain-induced crystallization behavior of phenolic resin crosslinked natural rubber/clay nanocomposites

2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (39) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulhakim Masa ◽  
Sougo Iimori ◽  
Ryota Saito ◽  
Hiromu Saito ◽  
Tadamoto Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Strain Induced Crystallization ◽  
Induced Crystallization

Stress Softening in Natural Rubber Vulcanizates. IV. Unfilled Vulcanizates

1967 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 840-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. C. Harwood ◽  
A. R. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Mullins Effect ◽  
Total Recovery ◽  
Stress Softening ◽  
Affine Deformation ◽  
Nonaffine Deformation ◽  
Natural Rubber Vulcanizates ◽  
Random State

Abstract Stress softening (Mullins effect) in gum natural rubber vulcanizates is similar in magnitude to that in carbon black filled vulcanizates. The amount of stress softening is slightly greater in vulcanizates cured to produce predominantly polysulfide crosslinks than in those containing monosulfide or carbon to carbon crosslinks. The total recovery of stress softening in the vulcanizates containing monosulfide or carbon to carbon crosslinks suggests that the phenomenon is attributable to a quasiirreversible rearrangement of molecular networks due to localized non-affine deformation resulting from short chains reaching the limit of their extensibility. This nonaffine deformation results in a displacement of the network junctions from their initial random state.

Investigation of fracture resistance of natural rubber/clay nanocomposites by J-testing

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 1527-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ramorino ◽  
S. Agnelli ◽  
R. De Santis ◽  
T. Riccò
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites

INFLUENCE OF STRAIN-INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION ON STRESS SOFTENING OF SULFUR CROSS-LINKED UNFILLED GUAYULE AND DANDELION NATURAL RUBBERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-398
Author(s):  
P. Junkong ◽  
Y. Matsushima ◽  
T. Phakkeeree ◽  
K. Cornish ◽  
Y. Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Cyclic Deformation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Softening ◽  
Strain Induced Crystallization ◽  
Stretching Ratio ◽  
Induced Crystallization

ABSTRACT The stress softening behaviors of sulfur cross-linked unfilled guayule natural rubber (S-GR) and sulfur cross-linked unfilled dandelion natural rubber (S-DR) under cyclic deformation were characterized by simultaneous wide angle X-ray diffraction and tensile measurements under cyclic deformation. The behaviors were found to be affected by their strain-induced crystallization (SIC) phenomena and aggregated nonrubber components. The stress softening degree at stretching ratio = 8.0 of S-DR was almost two times larger than that of S-GR. Additionally, the hysteresis loss and residual strain of S-DR were much higher than those of S-GR in the same cycle. The key factors that caused the increase in their degree of stress softening were the increase in average volume and the decrease in average number of strain-induced crystallites upon cyclic deformation, not the insignificant decrease in crystallinity. The breakage of the aggregated nonrubber components is a main origin of stress softening behaviors for S-GR and S-DR because their SIC behaviors also were significantly influenced by the aggregates of nonrubber components in the rubber matrixes. Both the effects of nonrubber components and SIC on stress softening were more dominant in S-DR than in S-GR, probably owing to the larger amount of aggregated nonrubber components in the former than in the latter. The results will be useful in effectively using guayule and dandelion natural rubbers as alternatives to Hevea natural rubber in the rubber industry.

The fabrication and properties of natural rubber-clay nanocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soney C. George ◽  
Regitha Rajan ◽  
Abi Santhosh Aprem ◽  
Sabu Thomas ◽  
Sung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites
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