scholarly journals A Statistical and Cluster Analysis Exploratory Study of Snort Rules

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Turner ◽  
Anthony Joseph
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jane Flynn

<p>In the literature acts of violence are often divided into two dichotomous subtypes: instrumental and reactive violence. The two types of violence are considered to be underpinned by different theoretical paradigms, social learning theory and frustration aggression. This division, although widely criticised and lacking conceptual clarity, appears to be generally accepted in scientific literature. This exploratory study used multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis to see how violence characteristics co-occur in the offences of seriously violent psychopathic offenders; and whether the co-occurrence of offence variables could be explained by the instrumental and reactive dichotomy. The study also explored whether instrumental and reactive violence characteristics differentiate primary and secondary variants of psychopathy, with the hypotheses that primary psychopaths would show more instrumental features in their violence and secondary psychopaths show more reactive features. Findings show that violence characteristics do no co-occur as a mutually exclusive dichotomy and that rather, many violent acts have mix of reactive and instrumental characteristics, reflecting a dimensional rather than a dichotomous structure. This in turn suggests that act specific theories may not be necessary to describe different types of violence. Contrary to prediction, psychopathic subtypes did not differ on violence characteristics.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jane Flynn

<p>In the literature acts of violence are often divided into two dichotomous subtypes: instrumental and reactive violence. The two types of violence are considered to be underpinned by different theoretical paradigms, social learning theory and frustration aggression. This division, although widely criticised and lacking conceptual clarity, appears to be generally accepted in scientific literature. This exploratory study used multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis to see how violence characteristics co-occur in the offences of seriously violent psychopathic offenders; and whether the co-occurrence of offence variables could be explained by the instrumental and reactive dichotomy. The study also explored whether instrumental and reactive violence characteristics differentiate primary and secondary variants of psychopathy, with the hypotheses that primary psychopaths would show more instrumental features in their violence and secondary psychopaths show more reactive features. Findings show that violence characteristics do no co-occur as a mutually exclusive dichotomy and that rather, many violent acts have mix of reactive and instrumental characteristics, reflecting a dimensional rather than a dichotomous structure. This in turn suggests that act specific theories may not be necessary to describe different types of violence. Contrary to prediction, psychopathic subtypes did not differ on violence characteristics.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1223-1245
Author(s):  
V.V. Smirnov

Subject. The article focuses on the modern financial system of Russia. Objectives. I determine the limit of the contemporary financial system in Russia. Methods. The study is based on methods of descriptive statistics, statistical and cluster analysis. Results. The article shows the possibility of determining the scope of the contemporary financial system in Russia by establishing monetary relations as the order of the internal system and concerted operation of subsystems, preserving the structure of the financial system, maintaining the operational regime, implementing the program and achieving the goal. I found that the Russian financial system correlated with the Angolan one, and the real scope of the contemporary financial system in Russia. Conclusions and Relevance. As an attempt to effectively establish monetary relations and manage them, the limit of the contemporary financial system is related to the possibility of using Monetary Aggregate M0 to maintain the balance of the Central Bank of Russia. To overcome the scope of Russia’s financial system, the economy should have changed its specialization, refocusing it on high-tech export and increasing the foreign currency reserves. This can be done if amendments to Russia’s Constitution are adopted. The findings expand the scope of knowledge and create new competence in the establishment of monetary relations, order of the internal system and concerted interaction of subsystems, structural preservation of the financial system and maintenance of its operational regime.


Green Farming ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
SURESH ◽  
OM PARKASH BISHNOI ◽  
RENU MUNJAL ◽  
RISHI KUMAR BEHL

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