Depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress symptoms and suicide risk among graduate students: The mediating influence of emotional regulatory self-efficacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoer Zeng ◽  
Jiubo Zhao ◽  
Laiquan Zou ◽  
Xueling Yang ◽  
Xiaoyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic

Association of fear-avoidance and self-efficacy on pain disability in individuals with co-morbid post-traumatic stress and chronic pain

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532094781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Devlin ◽  
Sara Casey ◽  
Scott Williams ◽  
Melita J Giummarra
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Fear Avoidance ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Pain Disability ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Indirect Association

This study investigated relationships between post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and pain disability. Fifty people with chronic pain (probable PTSD, n = 22) completed measures assessing pain interference, PTSS, fear avoidance, and pain self-efficacy. We hypothesized that people with probable PTSD would have higher fear avoidance and lower pain self-efficacy; and that PTSS would be indirectly associated with pain disability via fear avoidance and self-efficacy. People with probable PTSD had higher fear avoidance, but there were no differences in self-efficacy, pain severity or disability. There was an indirect association between PTSS and pain disability via fear avoidance, but not via self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Development and effects of a psychosocial adaptation program for North Korean adolescent defectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-255
Author(s):  
In-Sook Lee ◽  
Jung-Hee Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Psychosocial Adaptation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Korean Adolescent

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and examine the effects of a psychosocial adaptation program for North Korean adolescent defectors.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with 28 North Korean adolescent defectors who were recruited through alternative schools. The experimental and control groups consisted of 14 participants each. A program was conducted across eight sessions, each lasting about 90-120 minutes. The data were analyzed using the x2 test, t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance.Results: No significant differences were observed in the score changes for psychosocial adaptation (t=0.25, p=.808), post-traumatic stress symptoms (t=0.32, p=.749), cultural adaptation stress (t=0.05, p=.957), and self-efficacy (t=0.35, p=.726) in either group before and after the intervention. No intergroup differences were observed for psychosocial adaptation (t=0.12, p=.902), post-traumatic stress symptoms (t=0.07, p=.946), cultural adaptation stress (t=0.01, p=.994), and self-efficacy (t=0.58, p=.570).Conclusion: These findings suggest that psychosocial adaptation, stress, and self-efficacy cannot be improved by a short-term intervention program alone. It was also determined that the cultural characteristics of the North Korean adolescent defectors were not sufficiently considered before implementing the program. Therefore, it is essential to provide an in-depth orientation for the participants before implementing the program.

scholarly journals Psychological distress in the Greek general population during the first COVID-19 lockdown

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Karaivazoglou ◽  
Georgia Konstantopoulou ◽  
Maria Kalogeropoulou ◽  
Theodoros Iliou ◽  
Theofanis Vorvolakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread worldwide, threatening public health and financial and social life. Aims The current study's aim was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress and post-traumatic stress symptoms in the Greek population during the first COVID-19 lockdown, and to detect potential correlates. Method An anonymous online survey was conducted between 10 April and 4 May 2020, to collect information regarding people's psychological functioning and COVID-19-related perceptions. Results A total of 1443 individuals completed the survey; 293 (20%) reported clinically significant anxiety symptoms, 188 (12.9%) reported clinically significant depressive symptoms and 506 (36.4%) suffered from definite post-traumatic stress disorder. Anxiety symptoms were independently associated with female gender (β = 1.281, 95% CI 0.808–1.755, P < 0.001), educational level (β = −1.570, 95% CI −2.546 to −0.595, P = 0.002), perceived severity (β = −1.745, 95% CI −3.146 to −0.344, P = 0.015) and COVID-19-related worry (β = 7.633, 95% CI 6.206–9.060, P < 0.001). Depressive symptoms were strongly correlated with educational level (β = −1.298, 95% CI −2.220 to −0.377, P = 0.006), perceived severity (β = −1.331, 95% CI −2.579 to −0.082, P = 0.037) and COVID-19-related worry (β = 4.102, 95% CI 2.769–5.436, P < 0.001). Finally, post-traumatic stress symptoms were linked to female gender (β = 6.451, 95% CI 4.602–8.299, P < 0.001), educational level (β = −5.737, 95% CI −9.479 to −1.996, P = 0.003), psychiatric history (β = −4.028, 95% CI −6.274 to −1.782, P < 0.001) and COVID-19-related worry (β = 23.865, 95% CI 18.201–29.530, P < 0.001). Conclusions A significant percentage of the population reported clinically important anxiety, depressive and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Women, less-educated individuals and people with a psychiatric history appeared more vulnerable to the pandemic's psychological impact.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Its Associations With Quality of Life, Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in COVID-19 Survivors During the Post-COVID-19 Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Zi-Han Liu ◽  
Yan-Jie Zhao ◽  
Qinge Zhang ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: The prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in COVID-19 survivors is unclear. This study examined the prevalence of PTSS and its association with quality of life (QOL) among COVID-19 survivors during the post-COVID-19 era in China.Methods: This was a comparative, cross-sectional study. PTSS, depressive symptoms, and QOL were assessed with standardized instruments.Results: A total of 134 COVID-19 survivors and 214 non-infected controls (healthy controls hereafter) were recruited. Among COVID-19 survivors, the PTSS prevalence was 18.66% (95%CI: 11.98–25.34%), which was significantly higher than that (5.61%, 95%CI: 2.50–8.71%) of healthy controls (P &lt; 0.001). After controlling for covariates, an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that COVID-19 survivors had a higher PTSS total score than did healthy controls [F(1,348) = 4.664, P = 0.032]. A separate ANCOVA revealed there were no significant differences in overall QOL between COVID-19 survivors with and without PTSS [F(1,348) = 1.067, P = 0.304]. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that more severe depressive symptoms were significantly associated with PTSS in COVID-19 survivors (OR = 1.425, P &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: PTSS were more severe in COVID-19 survivors compared to healthy controls in the post-COVID-19 era. Considering their negative impact on daily life and functional outcomes, regular assessment and appropriate treatments of PTSS should be conducted in COVID-19 survivors.

Re-Examining the Relationship Between Avoidance and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Rape Survivors Enrolled in Self-Defense Training: The Protective Effect of Activities Self-Efficacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-119
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. Pinciotti ◽  
Anthony N. Reffi ◽  
Holly K. Orcutt
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Rape Survivors ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Interaction Modeling ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

Although many women do not report sexual victimization as motivation for seeking self-defense training, differences in self-efficacy suggest that self-efficacy deficits may influence survivors' desire to seek training. Lower self-efficacy, thought to negatively influence perceived confidence in one's ability to engage in everyday activities, may relate to avoidance of mundane activities and cause exacerbation of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). The current study examined a three-way interaction modeling the relationships between history of rape, activities self-efficacy, activities avoidance, and PTSS in a diverse sample of 233 women enrolled in self-defense training. Results suggest that survivors who avoid everyday activities experience increased PTSS, but this effect is mitigated by perceived self-efficacy to engage in these activities. Activities self-efficacy may promote resilience in rape survivors regardless of whether they actually engage in such activities. Training that targets self-efficacy, rather than actual engagement in activities, may be sufficient to reduce PTSS in rape survivors.

The interaction of post-traumatic growth and post-traumatic stress symptoms in predicting depressive symptoms and quality of life

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 948-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Forrest Morrill ◽  
Noel T. Brewer ◽  
Suzanne C. O'Neill ◽  
Sarah E. Lillie ◽  
E. Claire Dees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic

Re-Examining the Relationship Between Avoidance and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Rape Survivors Enrolled in Self-Defense Training: The Protective Effect of Activities Self-Efficacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-119
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. Pinciotti ◽  
Anthony N. Reffi ◽  
Holly K. Orcutt
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Rape Survivors ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Interaction Modeling ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic

Although many women do not report sexual victimization as motivation for seeking self-defense training, differences in self-efficacy suggest that self-efficacy deficits may influence survivors' desire to seek training. Lower self-efficacy, thought to negatively influence perceived confidence in one's ability to engage in everyday activities, may relate to avoidance of mundane activities and cause exacerbation of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). The current study examined a three-way interaction modeling the relationships between history of rape, activities self-efficacy, activities avoidance, and PTSS in a diverse sample of 233 women enrolled in self-defense training. Results suggest that survivors who avoid everyday activities experience increased PTSS, but this effect is mitigated by perceived self-efficacy to engage in these activities. Activities self-efficacy may promote resilience in rape survivors regardless of whether they actually engage in such activities. Training that targets self-efficacy, rather than actual engagement in activities, may be sufficient to reduce PTSS in rape survivors.

Mental health consequences for survivors of the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster: a systematic review. Part 1: psychological consequences

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Shigemura ◽  
Takero Terayama ◽  
Mie Kurosawa ◽  
Yuki Kobayashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Toda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Nuclear Disaster ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Fukushima Nuclear Disaster

Abstract To integrate scholastic literature regarding the prevalence and characteristics of the psychological consequences faced by survivors of the 2011 Fukushima earthquake/tsunami/nuclear disaster, we conducted a systematic review of survivor studies concerning the Fukushima disaster. In August 2019, four literature databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and ICHUSHI) were used in the literature search. Peer-reviewed manuscripts reporting psychological consequences, either in English or Japanese, were selected. A total of 79 studies were selected for the review. Twenty-four studies (30.4%) were conducted as part of the Fukushima Health Management Survey—large-scale cohort study recruiting the residents of the entire Fukushima prefecture. Study outcomes were primarily nonspecific psychological distress, depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and anxiety symptoms. The rates of high-risk individuals determined by the studies varied significantly owing to methodological differences. Nevertheless, these rates were mostly high (nonspecific psychological distress, 8.3%-65.1%; depressive symptoms, 12%-52.0%; and post-traumatic stress symptoms, 10.5%-62.6%). Many studies focused on vulnerable populations such as children, mothers of young children, evacuees, and nuclear power plant workers. However, few studies reported on the intervention methods used or their effect on the survivors. As a conclusion, high rates of individuals with psychological conditions, as well as a wide range of mental conditions, were reported among the Fukushima nuclear disaster survivors in the first 8 years after the disaster. These findings demonstrate the substantial impact of this compound disaster, especially in the context of a nuclear catastrophe.

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