Cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia by buspirone: Role of serotonin1A receptor agonism

ABSTRACT:Neuroscience represents a dynamic area of biomedical research where neuroethical responsibilities for researchers are emerging. This paper is the companion piece to the French-language one also published in this issue of the Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. It serves as a review of recent advances in neuroethics through the lens of three cases: (1) incidental finding of anomalies in neuroimaging research; (2) creation of neurotechnologies that can lead to cognitive enhancement, and (3) responsible communication of research results. We propose and discuss a multidimensional framework of neuroethical responsibilities to help tackle these issues. The framework reiterates the fundamental role of scientific integrity, puts in the foreground social responsibilities pertaining to the eventual use of neuroscience knowledge, and highlights self-reflection in research and training of researchers.

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Cognitive enhancement in video game players: The role of video game genre

Computers in Human Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.051 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 59-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Pawel Dobrowolski ◽

Krzysztof Hanusz ◽

Bartosz Sobczyk ◽

Maciek Skorko ◽

Andrzej Wiatrow

Keyword(s):

Video Game ◽

Cognitive Enhancement ◽

Game Players

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The Evidence for Geary’s Theory on the Role of Mitochondrial Functioning in Human Intelligence Is Not Entirely Convincing

Journal of Intelligence ◽

10.3390/jintelligence8030029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna-Lena Schubert ◽

Dirk Hagemann

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Processes ◽

Social Factors ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Cognitive Enhancement ◽

Behavioral Genetics ◽

Human Intelligence ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Genetics Research ◽

Age Related

Geary (2018, 2019) suggested that heritable and environmentally caused differences in mitochondrial functioning affect the integrity and efficiency of neurons and supporting glia cells and may thus contribute to individual differences in higher-order cognitive functioning and physical health. In our comment, we want to pose three questions aimed at different aspects of Geary’s theory that critically evaluate his theory in the light of evidence from neurocognitive, cognitive enhancement, and behavioral genetics research. We question (1) if Geary’s theory explains why certain cognitive processes show a stronger age-related decline than others; (2) if intervention studies in healthy younger adults support the claim that variation in mitochondrial functioning underlies variation in human intelligence; and (3) if predictions arising from the matrilineal heredity of mitochondrial DNA are supported by behavioral genetics research. We come to the conclusion that there are likely many more biological and social factors contributing to variation in human intelligence than mitochondrial functioning.

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Effect of Resistance-Exercise Training on Cognitive Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Review

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.20.4.497 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 497-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

Yu-Kai Chang ◽

Chien-Yu Pan ◽

Feng-Tzu Chen ◽

Chia-Liang Tsai ◽

Chi-Chang Huang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Cognitive Enhancement ◽

Cognitive Deterioration ◽

Resistance Exercise Training ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Resistance Exercises ◽

Potential Therapeutics

Several studies have demonstrated that exercise helps reduce or prevent cognitive deterioration among older adults, and recent studies have further examined the effects of resistance-exercise training on cognition. The purpose of this review was to examine the role of resistance-exercise training on cognition in healthy older adults. Specifically, it describes the definition, health benefits, and the design of resistance-exercise training. The authors also review the research related to resistance exercises and cognition and found that this exercise modality may enhance specific cognitive performances. Next, they examine the potential mechanisms underlying resistance exercise and cognitive enhancement. Finally, they consider potential therapeutics and recommendations for further research on resistance-exercise training and cognition in older adults.

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