Influence of continental organic aerosols to the marine atmosphere over the East China Sea: Insights from lipids, PAHs and phthalates

Abstract. Molecular composition and abundance of sugars and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) from biogenic sources over the East China Sea were investigated based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Biogenic SOA tracers and sugars exhibit higher levels in the samples affected by continental air masses, suggesting the terrestrial outflows of organic matter to the East China Sea. Glucose was the dominant sugar species (0.31–209 ng m–3, 18.8 ng m–3), followed by mannitol – a fungal spore tracer. All sugar compounds showed higher concentrations in the nighttime than in the daytime. 3-Methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid, one high-oxidation tracer of monoterpene SOA, was found to be the most abundant species among measured biogenic SOA markers, suggesting the input of aged organic aerosols through long-range transport. Fungal-spore-derived organic carbon (OC) was the biggest contributor to total OC (0.03–19.8 %, 3.1 %), followed by sesquiterpene-derived secondary OC (SOC), biomass-burning-derived OC, monoterpene- and isoprene-derived SOC. Larger carbon percentages of biogenic OCs and SOCs in total OC presented in the terrestrially influenced aerosols indicate significant contributions of continental aerosols through long-range transport. Positive matrix factorization results illustrate that the secondary sulfate ammonia, secondary nitrate and biogenic SOA, sea salt and coal combustion were the main sources controlling the marine aerosols over the East China Sea, again highlighting the importance of Asian continent as a natural emitter of biogenic organic aerosols together with anthropogenic aerosols over the coastal marine atmosphere.

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Characterization of biogenic primary and secondary organic aerosols in the marine atmosphere over the East China Sea

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-18-13947-2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (19) ◽

pp. 13947-13967 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mingjie Kang ◽

Pingqing Fu ◽

Kimitaka Kawamura ◽

Fan Yang ◽

Hongliang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

East China Sea ◽

Biomass Burning ◽

Organic Aerosols ◽

Fungal Spore ◽

East China ◽

Long Range Transport ◽

Marine Atmosphere ◽

The East China Sea ◽

China Sea ◽

Range Transport

Abstract. Molecular composition and abundance of sugars and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) from biogenic sources over the East China Sea were investigated based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Biogenic SOA tracers and sugars exhibit higher levels in the samples affected by continental air masses, demonstrating the terrestrial outflows of organic matter to the East China Sea. Glucose was the dominant sugar species (0.31–209, 18.8 ng m−3), followed by mannitol – a fungal spore tracer. All sugar compounds show generally higher average concentrations in the nighttime than in the daytime. 3-Methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid, one higher generation photooxidation tracer of monoterpene SOA, was found to be the most abundant species among measured biogenic SOA markers, suggesting the input of aged organic aerosols through long-range transport. Fungal-spore-derived organic carbon (OC) was the biggest contributor to total OC (0.03 %–19.8 %, 3.1 %), followed by sesquiterpene-derived secondary OC (SOC), biomass-burning-derived OC, and monoterpene- and isoprene-derived SOC. Larger carbon percentages of biogenic primary OCs and SOCs in total OC presented in the terrestrially influenced aerosols indicate significant contributions of continental aerosols through long-range transport. Positive matrix factorization results illustrate that the secondary nitrate and biogenic SOA, biomass burning, and fungal spores were the main sources of OC in marine aerosols over the East China Sea, again highlighting the importance of the Asian continent as a natural emitter of biogenic organic aerosols together with anthropogenic aerosols over the coastal marine atmosphere.

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Distribution and cycling of carbon monoxide in the east china sea and the marine atmosphere in autumn

Journal of Ocean University of China ◽

10.1007/s11802-015-2889-1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 994-1002

Author(s):

Zhen He ◽

Guanqiu Xu ◽

Guipeng Yang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

East China Sea ◽

East China ◽

Marine Atmosphere ◽

The East China Sea ◽

China Sea

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Observed and Modeled Mass Concentrations of Organic Aerosols and PM2.5 at Three Remote Sites around the East China Sea: Roles of Chemical Aging

Aerosol and Air Quality Research ◽

10.4209/aaqr.2016.12.0573 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 3091-3105 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yugo Kanaya ◽

Hitoshi Matsui ◽

Fumikazu Taketani ◽

Xiaole Pan ◽

Yuichi Komazaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

East China Sea ◽

Organic Aerosols ◽

East China ◽

The East China Sea ◽

Chemical Aging ◽

China Sea ◽

Remote Sites ◽

Mass Concentrations

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The formation of wind curl in the marine atmosphere boundary layer over the East China Sea Kuroshio in spring

Journal of Ocean University of China ◽

10.1007/s11802-014-2336-8 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 883-892

Author(s):

Suping Zhang ◽

Yang Kong

Keyword(s):

Boundary Layer ◽

East China Sea ◽

East China ◽

Marine Atmosphere ◽

The East China Sea ◽

China Sea

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Mapping gaseous amines, ammonia, and their particulate counterparts in marine atmospheres of China's marginal seas: Part 2 – spatiotemporal heterogeneity, causes and hypothesis

10.5194/acp-2021-301 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yating Gao ◽

Dihui Chen ◽

Yanjie Shen ◽

Yang Gao ◽

Huiwang Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

East China Sea ◽

Yellow Sea ◽

Bohai Sea ◽

Chemical Conversion ◽

The Yellow Sea ◽

East China ◽

Marine Atmosphere ◽

The East China Sea ◽

China Sea ◽

Marginal Seas

Abstract. In this study, spatiotemporal heterogeneities in the concentrations of alkaline gases and their particulate counterparts in the marine atmosphere over China's marginal seas were investigated in terms of causes and chemical conversion during two winter cruise campaigns, using semi-continuous measurements made by an onboard URG-9000D Ambient Ion Monitor-Ion chromatograph (AIM-IC, Thermofisher). During the cruise campaign over the East China Sea on December 27, 2019–January 6, 2020, the concentrations of atmospheric trimethylamine (TMAgas) varied by approximately one order of magnitude, with an average (±standard deviation) of 0.10 ± 0.04 µg m−3. Corresponding means were 0.037 ± 0.011 µg m−3 over the Yellow Sea on 7–16 January 2020 and 0.031 ± 0.009 μg m−3 over the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea on 9–22 December 2019. In contrast, the simultaneously observed concentrations of TMA in PM2.5, detected as TMAH+, over the East China Sea were 0.098 ± 0.068 µg m−3 and substantially smaller than 0.28 ± 0.18 μg m−3 over the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea on 9–22 December 2019. A significant correlation between TMAgas and particulate TMAH+ was obtained over the East China Sea, but no correlation existed over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. The proportional or disproportional variations in concentrations of TMAgas with particulate TMAH+ over the sea zones were likely attributed to the difference in enrichment of TMAH+ in the sea surface microlayer. In addition, spatiotemporal heterogeneities in concentrations of atmospheric ammonia (NH3gas), atmospheric dimethylamine (DMAgas), and DMA in PM2.5, detected as DMAH+, were also investigated. Case analyses were performed to illustrate the formation and chemical conversion of particulate aminium ions in marine aerosols. Finally, we hypothesized a release of basic gases and particulate counterparts from the ocean to the atmosphere, together with secondary formation of DMAH+ and chemical conversion of TMAH+, in the marine atmosphere.

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