scholarly journals Supplementary material to "Characterization of biogenic primary and secondary organic aerosols in the marine atmosphere over the East China Sea"

Author(s):  
Mingjie Kang ◽  
Pingqing Fu ◽  
Kimitaka Kawamura ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
...  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingjie Kang ◽  
Pingqing Fu ◽  
Kimitaka Kawamura ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract. Molecular composition and abundance of sugars and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) from biogenic sources over the East China Sea were investigated based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Biogenic SOA tracers and sugars exhibit higher levels in the samples affected by continental air masses, suggesting the terrestrial outflows of organic matter to the East China Sea. Glucose was the dominant sugar species (0.31–209 ng m–3, 18.8 ng m–3), followed by mannitol – a fungal spore tracer. All sugar compounds showed higher concentrations in the nighttime than in the daytime. 3-Methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid, one high-oxidation tracer of monoterpene SOA, was found to be the most abundant species among measured biogenic SOA markers, suggesting the input of aged organic aerosols through long-range transport. Fungal-spore-derived organic carbon (OC) was the biggest contributor to total OC (0.03–19.8 %, 3.1 %), followed by sesquiterpene-derived secondary OC (SOC), biomass-burning-derived OC, monoterpene- and isoprene-derived SOC. Larger carbon percentages of biogenic OCs and SOCs in total OC presented in the terrestrially influenced aerosols indicate significant contributions of continental aerosols through long-range transport. Positive matrix factorization results illustrate that the secondary sulfate ammonia, secondary nitrate and biogenic SOA, sea salt and coal combustion were the main sources controlling the marine aerosols over the East China Sea, again highlighting the importance of Asian continent as a natural emitter of biogenic organic aerosols together with anthropogenic aerosols over the coastal marine atmosphere.


2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 13947-13967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingjie Kang ◽  
Pingqing Fu ◽  
Kimitaka Kawamura ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract. Molecular composition and abundance of sugars and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) from biogenic sources over the East China Sea were investigated based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Biogenic SOA tracers and sugars exhibit higher levels in the samples affected by continental air masses, demonstrating the terrestrial outflows of organic matter to the East China Sea. Glucose was the dominant sugar species (0.31–209, 18.8 ng m−3), followed by mannitol – a fungal spore tracer. All sugar compounds show generally higher average concentrations in the nighttime than in the daytime. 3-Methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid, one higher generation photooxidation tracer of monoterpene SOA, was found to be the most abundant species among measured biogenic SOA markers, suggesting the input of aged organic aerosols through long-range transport. Fungal-spore-derived organic carbon (OC) was the biggest contributor to total OC (0.03 %–19.8 %, 3.1 %), followed by sesquiterpene-derived secondary OC (SOC), biomass-burning-derived OC, and monoterpene- and isoprene-derived SOC. Larger carbon percentages of biogenic primary OCs and SOCs in total OC presented in the terrestrially influenced aerosols indicate significant contributions of continental aerosols through long-range transport. Positive matrix factorization results illustrate that the secondary nitrate and biogenic SOA, biomass burning, and fungal spores were the main sources of OC in marine aerosols over the East China Sea, again highlighting the importance of the Asian continent as a natural emitter of biogenic organic aerosols together with anthropogenic aerosols over the coastal marine atmosphere.


2020 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 115415
Author(s):  
Yipeng Wang ◽  
Tiegang Li ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
James Russell ◽  
Xin Xiao ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 3091-3105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yugo Kanaya ◽  
Hitoshi Matsui ◽  
Fumikazu Taketani ◽  
Xiaole Pan ◽  
Yuichi Komazaki ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Kobayashi ◽  
I-Jiunn Cheng ◽  
Denise M. Parker ◽  
Jeffrey J. Polovina ◽  
Naoki Kamezaki ◽  
...  

Abstract Kobayashi, D. R., Cheng, I-J., Parker, D. M., Polovina, J. J., Kamezaki, N., and Balazs, G. H. 2011. Loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) movement off the coast of Taiwan: characterization of a hotspot in the East China Sea and investigation of mesoscale eddies. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 707–718. Satellite tags were attached to 34 non-reproductive loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) caught as bycatch in the Taiwanese coastal poundnet fishery from 2002 to 2008. Transmission durations ranged from 6 to 503 d (median 172 d), with 5860 d tracked in total. Horizontal track data were processed using the Bayesian state-space modelling to extract the most likely daily positions, taking into account ARGOS data quality and other forms of statistical error. A region of high occupancy in the East China Sea, covering 433 549 km2 of coastal and pelagic area next to Taiwan, China, Japan, and South Korea, was characterized from the tracking data. Various attributes of this hotspot are described using satellite tracks and remotely sensed data. The tracks were merged with oceanographic data, emphasizing a new global dataset characterizing mesoscale eddies from satellite altimetry data. A proximity-probability approach coupled with odds ratio testing was used to infer orientation to eddy features. Comparisons against random points, simulated particle tracks, and drifter buoys were used to demonstrate turtle differential responses to eddies inside and outside the hotspot, depending on eddy features (i.e. cyclonic vs. anticyclonic, edges vs. centres). Turtles inside the hotspot utilize fewer strong cyclonic eddy edges than those outside.


2015 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengwen Wang ◽  
Zhigang Guo ◽  
Tian Lin ◽  
Limin Hu ◽  
Yingjun Chen ◽  
...  

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