Estimation of CO2 emission in reservoir coupling floating chamber and thin boundary layer methods

Author(s):  
Juping Huang ◽  
Weiyang Zhao ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Yangming Ou ◽  
Lu Lin
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (740) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takatsugu KAMEDA ◽  
Tetsuya SUMIDA ◽  
Shinsuke MOCHIZUKI ◽  
Hideo OSAKA

Author(s):  
Miguel A. Gutierrez ◽  
Michael Gydesen ◽  
Caitlin Marcellus ◽  
Ivan Puchades ◽  
Brian Landi ◽  
...  

In this study, the tribological behavior of the Trihexyl tetradecylphosphonium-bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate [THTDP][Phos] ionic liquid with and without single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) dispersion as a thin boundary layer was intended for investigation. However, the surface heat treatment process was not sufficient to form a thin film on the sample surfaces. Thus, in each test condition, the lubricating agents were used as external (liquid) lubricants. Specifically, [THTDP][Phos] and ([THTDP][Phos]+0.1 wt.% SWCNT) boundary film layers were applied on 6061-T6 aluminum alloy disk samples and tested under sliding contact with 1.5 mm diameter 420C stainless steel balls using a ball-on-flat linearly reciprocating tribometer. A commercially available Mobil Super 10W-40 engine oil (MS10W40) was also tested and used as this investigation’s datum. The tribological behavior of [THTDP][Phos] and ([THTDP][Phos]+SWCNT) boundary film layers was analyzed via wear volume calculations from optical microscopy measurements, as well as by observation of the transient coefficient of friction (COF) obtained through strain gauge measurements made directly from the reciprocating member of the tribometer. Results indicate the potential for reduction of wear volume and coefficient of friction in the IL lubricated steel-on-aluminum sliding contact through (SWCNT) dispersion in the ionic liquid. Wear results are based on measurements obtained using optical microscopy (OM). Results discussed display improved tribological performance for both [THTDP][Phos] and ([THTDP][Phos]+SWCNT) over baseline MS10W40 oil lubricant for both roughness values tested for the steel-on-aluminum contact. No measurable improvements were observed between [THTDP][Phos] and ([THTDP][Phos]+SWCNT) tests.


Author(s):  
Heejin Lee ◽  
◽  
Dong-Yon Kim ◽  
Taeck-Kie Lee ◽  
Sang-Hoon Kim ◽  
...  

Control gain greatly affects variable structure system (VSS) performance as a system design parameter. The thin boundary layer used to eliminate chatter neighbors the sliding surface. Sliding control based on a variable boundary layer tracks better than a fixed layer. We propose variable structure control using fuzzy algorithms in control gain and the boundary layer to increase tracking efficiency, proving its feasibility in application to a simple nonlinear system.


Author(s):  
Robert J. Martinuzzi ◽  
Brian Havel

Periodic vortex shedding from two surface-mounted cubes, of height H, in tandem arrangement placed in a thin boundary layer is investigated for a spacing 2H using phase-averaged laser Doppler velocimetry measurements. Tests were conducted for a Reynolds number of 22000, based on H and the freestream velocity, and an approximately 0.07H thick laminar boundary layer. For this obstacle spacing, the shedding frequency scales linearly with the obstacle spacing. It is shown that in this lock-in regime, periodic shedding is triggered by the displacement of the vertical flow along the front face of the downstream obstacle and is thus different from that observed for two-dimensional cylinders in uniform streams. The existence of this three-dimensional effect is then used to explain why lock-in cannot be observed for square cylinders in tandem arrangement.


1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. B. Byatt-Smith

In this paper we look at the problem of an undular bore entering still water. The effect of the boundary-layer at the channel bottom is considered. The motion is assumed to be laminar and inviscid, apart from the thin boundary layer, where the normal boundary-layer approximations are used to find the velocity components. The effect on the main flow then appears in the equations of motion as a shear stress.


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