scholarly journals Screening and evaluation of different algal extracts and prospects for control the disease vector mosquito Culex pipiens L

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doaa R. Abdel Haleem ◽  
Neamat H. El Tablawy ◽  
Lamya Ahmed Alkeridis ◽  
Samy Sayed ◽  
Ahmed M. Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Algal Extracts

scholarly journals Inter-Population Similarities and Differences in Predation Efficiency of a Mosquito Natural Enemy

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1983-1987
Author(s):  
Ross N Cuthbert ◽  
Tatenda Dalu ◽  
Ryan J Wasserman ◽  
Olaf L F Weyl ◽  
P William Froneman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Factor ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Temporary Pond ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Predation Efficiency

Abstract Predation is a critical factor that mediates population stability, community structure, and ecosystem function. Predatory natural enemies can contribute to the regulation of disease vector groups such as mosquitoes, particularly where they naturally co-occur across landscapes. However, we must understand inter-population variation in predatory efficiency if we are to enhance vector control. The present study thus employs a functional response (FR; resource use under different densities) approach to quantify and compare predatory interaction strengths among six populations of a predatory temporary pond specialist copepod, Lovenula raynerae, from the Eastern Cape of South Africa preying on second instar Culex pipiens complex mosquito larvae. All individuals from the sampled populations were predatory and drove significant mortality through per capita predation rates of 0.75–1.10 mosquitoes/h at maximum densities over a 5-h feeding time. Individuals from all copepod populations exhibited Type II FRs with no significant differences in attack rates. On the other hand, there were significant differences in handling times, and therefore also maximum feeding rates (maximum experimental prey density: 32), suggesting possible genetic differences among populations that influenced predation. Owing to a widespread distribution in arid landscapes, we propose that predatory calanoid copepods such as L. raynerae play a key regulatory role at the landscape scale in the control of disease vector mosquito populations. We propose that these ecosystems and their specialist biota should thus be conserved and enhanced (e.g., via selective breeding) owing to the ecosystem services they provide in the context of public health.

scholarly journals Comparative Molecular Description of a Novel GST Gene in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1440-1446
Author(s):  
Hagar Samy Ali ◽  
Amany Soliman Khaled ◽  
Laila Sayed Hamouda ◽  
Enas Hamdy Ghallab
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Pairwise Alignment ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Diagnostic Time ◽  
Susceptibility Status ◽  
Molecular Description

Abstract Repeated exposure to insecticides, particularly pyrethroids and organophosphates, has resulted in the development of insecticide resistance in the mosquito Culex pipiens, a primary disease vector. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is involved in the phase II detoxification of numerous xenobiotics, including insecticides. In this study, a GST gene (CPIJ002678) was amplified, sequenced, and used in comprehensive molecular analyses ending up in development of a rapid assay to distinguish more tolerant individuals from susceptible Culex pipiens using the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) technique. Field collected Culex pipiens strains from untreated areas, organophosphates-treated areas and a lab strain reared for many generations, all were used in CDC bottle bioassays to evaluate the susceptibility status of the studied individuals to malathion insecticide. Interestingly, both field sites collected groups showed high levels of resistance at the malathion diagnostic time. Gene amplification, and bidirectional direct sequencing results were analyzed. Compared with the reference genome sequence, the pairwise alignment of the amplified sequences showed 96.6% similarity to the reference sequence in the GenBank database. The confirmed gene sequences were assembled and aligned using various bioinformatic softwares. The assembled contigs were used in NEBcutter V2.0 for constructing restriction maps and checked for the availability of differences (if present) between susceptible and more tolerant strains. Specific molecular RFLP markers were successfully recognized to differentiate the more tolerant from the susceptible Culex pipiens phenotypes.

Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oil Against West Nile Vector Mosquito Culex pipiens (L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1463-1474
Author(s):  
Fouad Zeghib ◽  
Fouzia Tine-Djebbar ◽  
Assia Zeghib ◽  
Khaldoun Bachari ◽  
Karima Sifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Vector Mosquito

scholarly journals Condition-Specific Competitive Effects of the Invasive Mosquito Aedes albopictus on the Resident Culex pipiens among Different Urban Container Habitats May Explain Their Coexistence in the Field

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 993
Author(s):  
Paul T. Leisnham ◽  
Shannon L. LaDeau ◽  
Megan E. M. Saunders ◽  
Oswaldo C. Villena
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
Container Habitats

Condition-specific competition, when environmental conditions alter the outcome of competition, can foster the persistence of resident species after the invasion of a competitively superior invader. We test whether condition-specific competition can facilitate the areawide persistence of the resident and principal West Nile virus vector mosquito Culex pipiens with the competitively superior invasive Aedes albopictus in water from different urban container habitats. (2) Methods: We tested the effects of manipulated numbers of A. albopictus on C. pipiens’ survival and development in water collected from common functional and discarded containers in Baltimore, MD, USA. The experiment was conducted with typical numbers of larvae found in field surveys of C. pipiens and A. albopictus and container water quality. (3) Results: We found increased densities of A. albopictus negatively affected the survivorship and development of C. pipiens in water from discarded containers but had little effect in water from functional containers. This finding was driven by water from trash cans, which allowed consistently higher C. pipiens’ survival and development and had greater mean ammonia and nitrate concentrations that can promote microbial food than other container types. (4) Conclusions: These results suggest that the contents of different urban containers alter the effects of invasive A. albopictus competition on resident C. pipiens, that trash cans, in particular, facilitate the persistence of C. pipiens, and that there could be implications for West Nile virus risk as a result.

scholarly journals Lure-and-Kill Yeast Interfering RNA Larvicides Targeting Neural Genes in the Human Disease Vector Mosquito Aedes aegypti

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Limb K. Hapairai ◽  
Keshava Mysore ◽  
Yingying Chen ◽  
Elizabeth I. Harper ◽  
Max P. Scheel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Neural Genes ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Interfering Rna

scholarly journals Condition-Specific Competitive Effects of the Invasive Mosquito Aedes albopictus on the Resident Culex pipiens Among Different Urban Container Habitats May Explain Their Coexistence in the Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T Leisnham ◽  
Shannon L LaDeau ◽  
Megan EM Saunders ◽  
Oswaldo C Villena
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
Container Habitats

Condition-specific competition, when environmental conditions alter the outcome of competition, can foster the persistence of resident species after the invasion of a competitively superior invader. We test whether condition-specific competition can facilitate the areawide persistence of the resident and principal West Nile virus vector mosquito Culex pipiens with the competitively superior invasive, Aedes albopictus, in water from different urban container habitats. (2) Methods: We tested the effects of manipulated numbers of A. albopictus on C. pipiens survival and development in water collected from common functional and discarded containers in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. The experiment was conducted with typical numbers of larvae found in field surveys of C. pipiens and A. albopictus and container water quality. (3) Results: We found increased densities of A. albopictus negatively affected the survivorship and development of C. pipiens in water from discarded containers but had little effect in water from functional containers. This finding was driven by water from trash cans, which allowed consistently higher C. pipiens survival and development and had greater mean ammonia and nitrate concentrations that can promote microbial food than other container types. (4) Conclusions: These results suggest that the contents of different urban containers alter the effects of invasive A. albopictus competition on resident C. pipiens, that trash cans, in particular, facilitate the persistence of C. pipiens, and that there could be implications for West Nile virus risk as a result.

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