Medicinal plants used in the region of Teziutlán, Puebla, Mexico

The objective of this work was to collect information on the curative use of plants in the municipality of Teziutlán, Puebla through semi-structured interviews. Thus, 78 plants used for medicinal purposes were identified, of which 40 are native to Mexico and 38 introduced; The value of use (UV) of each one and the Informant's Consensus Factor (FCI) of 10 categories of diseases were calculated. The five most frequently used plants are Ruta chalepensisL., Rosmarinus officinalis, Arnica montana, Loeselia mexicana(Lam.) Brandegee and Sambucus ceruleavar., Neomexicana, which underwent a chemical and pharmacological review. On the other hand, the most frequent preparations are infusion and decoction, using mainly leaves (49.34%) and flowers (19.51%). It is concluded that the inhabitants of Teziutlán have a fairly homogeneous ethnomedical knowledge, setting the standard for research on its pharmacological properties.

RENDIMIENTO DE ACEITE ESENCIAL EN HOJAS DE ROMERO (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)

Se determinó el rendimiento de aceites esenciales que presentan las hojas secas de Romero (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) provenientes de la localidad de Uñas, Huancayo. Se utilizaron hojas secadas por dos semanas, bajo sombra; se realizaron tres ensayos de destilación obteniéndose en promedio 0,75 mL de aceite esencial de color amarillo verdoso; en solución recién destilada presenta un anillo de coloración lechosa en la superficie; en cada ensayo se utilizó 30 gramos de hojas con 300 mL de agua destilada. El método empleado de destilación fue el de arrastre de vapor, basado en la Norma INDECOPI 319.079 con modificación de acuerdo a las condiciones existentes. El rendimiento promedio en peso de aceite obtenido fue 0,57 %, para hojas con un contenido de humedad promedio de 0,385 %. El color del aceite esencial fue amarillo verdoso, recién destilado presenta un anillo en la superficie de apariencia lechosa. El contenido de humedad de hojas a dos días de ser recolectadas fue 210 %.

Continuous Fixed-Bed Column Studies of Textile Effluent Treatment using Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Originated from Rosmarinus officinalis Oil

A continuous adsorption study in a fixed-bed column was carried out using Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes derived from Rosmarinus officinalis oil as an adsorbent for removing the textile dye Acid blue 40 from an aqueous solution. The adsorbent, MWNTs were prepared from Rosmarinus officinalis oil as a precursor to Fe/Mo catalyst supported on silica at 650 ºC under N2 atmosphere by spray pyrolysis process characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Transmission Electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The effects of adsorbent bed height (2–6 cm), initial ion concentration (20– 60 mg/L), and flow rate (10–30 mL/min) on the column performance were analyzed. The breakthrough curve was analyzed using the mathematical models of Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and bed depth service time. The Thomas model at different conditions defined the behaviors of the breakthrough curves. The bed depth service time model showed good agreement with the experimental data. The high values of correlation coefficients (R2 0.9875) obtained indicate the validity of the bed depth service time model for the present column system.

A Descriptive Chemical Composition of Concentrated Bud Macerates through an Optimized SPE-HPLC-UV-MS2 Method—Application to Alnus glutinosa, Ribes nigrum, Rosa canina, Rosmarinus officinalis and Tilia tomentosa

Concentrated bud macerates (CBMs) are obtained from meristematic tissues such as buds and young shoots by maceration in a solvent composed of glycerin, water and ethanol (1/1/1/, v/v). Their traditional utilization in gemmotherapy has gained interest in the past years, and the knowledge of their chemical characterization can provide commercial arguments, particularly to secure their quality control. Therefore, an optimized method for phytochemical analysis including glycerol removal by a preliminary solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by compound identification using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra-violet and tandem mass detectors (HPLC-UV-MS2) was developed. This method was applied on 5 CBMs obtained from Alnus glutinosa, Ribesnigrum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Rosa canina and Tilia tomentosa in order to determinate their chemical composition. Their antioxidant effects were also investigated by radical scavenging activity assays (DPPH and ORAC). Glycerol removal improved the resolution of HPLC chemical profiles and allowed us to perform TLC antioxidant screening. Our approach permitted the identification of 57 compounds distributed in eight major classes, three of them being common to all macerates including nucleosides, phenolic acids and glycosylated flavonoids. Quantification of the later class as a rutin equivalent (RE) showed a great disparity between Rosa canina macerate (809 mg RE/L), and the other ones (from 175 to 470 mg RE/L). DPPH and ORAC assays confirmed the great activity of Rosa canina (4857 and 6479 μmol TE/g of dry matter, respectively). Finally, phytochemical and antioxidant analysis of CBMs strengthened their phytomedicinal interest in the gemmotherapy field.

Use of homeopathy Arnica montana for the issuance of the roots Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Lippia alba (Mill) N.E.Br.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of homeopathic preparation Arnica montana in rooting of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and White Lippia (Lippia alba). The cuttings Rosmarinus officinalis and Lippia alba, collected from the medicinal garden at NCA / UFMG, were placed in trays to root with commercial substrate type "plantmax" and immediately after were subjected to daily applications of homeopathic preparations of Arnica montana in dilutions 3cH, 6cH, 9cH, 12cH, with 2 controls, distilled water and ethanol 70%. The statistical design was completely randomized (DIC), with 6 treatments and 4 repetitions, each experimental unit was formed by 10 stakes. After 45 days, were assessed the number of roots, the nummber of shoots, the length of the largest root, the percentage of rooted stakes and the quality of stakes. Arnica montana in dilutions 3cH, 6cH and 12cH stimulated all variables related to the issuance of roots in the species under study, which emphasizes the similarity between Arnica montana and the picture elicited by the physiological process of cutting, promoting an increase in the percentage and quality of the roots. Keywords: Homeopathy; rooting; cutting; Arnica Montana.  Uso do preparado homeopático Arnica montana na formação de raízes de Rosmarinus officinalis L. e Lippia alba (Mill)N.E.E.Br Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influéncia do preparado homeopático Arnica montana na formação de raízes de alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis) e cidreira (Lippia alba). Mudas de Rosmarinus officinalis e Lippia alba, cultivadas no horto medicinal de NCA/UFMG foram colocadas para enraizar em bandejas contendo substrato comercial de tipo "plantamax" e imediatamente após, submetidas a aplicações diárias de preparados homeopáticos de Arnica montana nas diluições 3cH, 6cH, 9cH e 12cH, com dois controles, água destilada e etanol 70%. O desenho estatístico foi completamente randomizado (DIC), com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições, cada unidade experimental esteve composta de 10 estacas. Depois de 45 dias, foram avaliados o número de raízes, o número de brotos, a longitude da raiz mais longa, porcentagem de estacas enraizadas e qualidade das estacas. Arnica montana nas diluições 3cH, 6cH e 12cH promoveu todas as variáveis relacionadas com a formação de raízes sob estudo, acentuando a semelhança entre Arnica montana e o quadro induzido pelo processo fisiológico do estacamento, promovendo aumento na porcentagem e qualidade das raízes. Palavras-chave: Homeopatia; enraizamento; corte; Arnica Montana.  Uso del preparado homeopático Arnica montana en la formación de raíces de Rosmarinus officinalis L. y Lippia alba (Mill) N.E.Br. Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la influencia del preparado homeopático Arnica montana en la formación de raíces de romero (Rosmarinus officnalis) y lippia blanca (Lippia alba). Mudas de Rosmarinus officinalis y Lippia alba, cultivados en la huerta medicinal de NCA/UFMG fueron colocadas para arraigar en bandejas conteniendo sustrato comercial de tipo "plantamax" e inmediatamente después fueron sometidas a aplicaciones diarias de preparados homeopáticos de Arnica montana en las diluciones 3cH, 6cH, 9cH y 12cH, con dos controles, agua destilada y etanol 70%. El diseño estatístico fue completamente randomizado (DIC), con 6 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones, cada unidad experimental compuesta por 10 estacas. Después de 45 días, fueron evaluados el número de raíces, número de brotes, longitud de la raíz más larga, porcentaje de estacas arraigadas y la calidad de las estacas. Arnica montana en las diluciones 3cH, 6cH y 12cH promovió todas las variables relacionadas a la formación de raíces en estudio, acentuando la similaridad entre Arnica montana y el cuadro inducido por el proceso fisiológico de estacamiento, promoviendo aumento del porcentaje y calidad de las raíces. Palabras-clave: Homeopatía; enraizamiento; corte; Árnica Montana.  Correspondence author: Filipe Pereira Giardini Bonfim, email: [email protected] How to cite this article: Bonfim FPG, Martins ER, Dores RGR, Barbosa CKR, Casali VWD, Honório ICG. Use of homeopathic Arnica montana for the issuance of roots of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Lippia alba (Mill) N.E.Br. Int J High Dilution Res [online]. 2008 [cited YYYY Mmm DD]: 7(23); 113-117. Available from: http://journal.giri-society.org/index.php/ijhdr/article/view/276/348. ÂÂÂ

Óleos essenciais no tratamento de dermatozoonoses – uma revisão de literatura

O uso indiscriminado de medicamentos tem representado uma das maiores ameaças à Saúde Única, haja vista sua atuação na resistência antimicrobiana e seus impactos ao meio ambiente. Assim, busca-se como alternativa sustentável a esses fármacos, os óleos essenciais, substâncias com diversas atividades terapêuticas, destacando a eficácia no tratamento de dermatopatias de origem zoonótica, a exemplo escabiose canina, esporotricose, dermatofitose e leishmaniose tegumentar americana. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar revisão bibliográfica acerca do emprego de óleos essenciais na medicina veterinária, destacando-se o tratamento das dermatopatias de origem zoonótica. Foi demonstrado o efeito acaricida, fungicida e fungistático dos óleos essenciais de Melaleuca alternifolia, Cedrus deodara, Azadirachta indica, Myrtus communis, Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, Cinnamomum cassia, Eugenia uniflora e Plectranthus amboinicus. As dermatozoonoses apresentam crescente resistência a antifúngicos e antibióticos comerciais, o emprego de terapias alternativas utilizando óleos essenciais se faz relevante de forma a amenizar essa resistência, e proporcionar melhoria na sanidade dos animais. Diante disso, dentre os estudos avaliados é demonstrado que os óleos essenciais de Melaleuca alternifolia, Cedrus deodara, Azadirachta indica, Myrtus communis, Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, Cinnamomum cassia, Eugenia uniflora e Plectranthus amboinicus apresentam resultado in vitro satisfatórios na terapêutica de dermatozoonoses de importância clínica, contudo, se faz necessário a realização de estudos in vivo para verificar a eficácia destes compostos, realizando-se um monitoramento de sua ação mediante as barreiras fisiológicas e metabolismo dos animais.