Can chocolate cure blindness? Investigating the effect of preference strength and incentives on the incidence of Choice Blindness

Contemporary theories of choice posit that decision making is a constructive process in which a decision maker uses information about the choice options to generate support for various decisions and judgments, then uses these decisions and judgments to reduce their uncertainty about their own preferences. Here we examine how these constructive processes unfold by tracking dynamic changes in preference strength. Across two experiments, we observed that mean preference strength oscillated over time and found that eliciting a choice strongly affected the pattern of oscillation. Preferences following choices oscillated between being stronger than those without prior choice (bolstering) and being weaker than those without choice (suppression). An open system model, merging epistemic uncertainty about how a person reacts to options and ontic uncertainty about how their preference is affected by choice, accounts for the oscillations resulting in both bolstering and suppression effects.

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Environmental choices of farm animals

BSAP Occasional Publication ◽

10.1017/s0263967x00043354 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 35-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C J. Nicol

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Animal Welfare ◽

Farm Animal ◽

Farm Animals ◽

One Dimension ◽

Farm Animal Welfare ◽

Know How ◽

Single Dimension ◽

Underlying Basis ◽

Preference Strength

AbstractTo assess farm animal welfare we need to understand how animals make choices and how these choices relate to preference strength. Studies of environmental choice can be categorized by the method used to investigate them, or by the underlying basis on which the animal is choosing. Choices made between resources that vary along a single dimension should meet certain criteria e.g. those of transitivity. Choices made between resources that vary along more than one dimension may or may not meet these criteria, depending how the animal evaluates each option. Understanding how farm animals choose will allow the results of individual experiments to be applied in a wider context. It is also important to know how preferences are formed during development. Evidence suggests that preferences for nests and pecking substrates in hens may be influenced by prefunctional experience. Experimental data from studies of environmental choice may enable us either to provide important resources in commercial systems, or to provide facilities for animals to continue to make their own decisions.

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How the Polls Can Be Both Spot On and Dead Wrong: Using Choice Blindness to Shift Political Attitudes and Voter Intentions

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0060554 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. e60554 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Lars Hall ◽

Thomas Strandberg ◽

Philip Pärnamets ◽

Andreas Lind ◽

Betty Tärning ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Political Attitudes ◽

Choice Blindness

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Impacts of the Time Interval on the Choice Blindness Persistence: A Visual Cognition Test-Based Study

Advances in Neuroergonomics and Cognitive Engineering - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-20473-0_23 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 233-242

Author(s):

Qiuzhu Zhang ◽

Yi Lu ◽

Huayan Huangfu ◽

Shan Fu

Keyword(s):

Visual Cognition ◽

Time Interval ◽

Choice Blindness

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Synthesizing Different Preference Information by Fuzzy Programming Method

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.2352 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 328-330 ◽

pp. 2352-2357

Author(s):

Jing Yang

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Group Decision ◽

Fuzzy Programming ◽

Fuzzy Linear Programming ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Preference Ordering ◽

Utility Value ◽

Preference Information ◽

Preference Strength ◽

Judgment Matrix

Group decision making problems with different forms of preference information are discussed. Firstly, four forms of preference information ( i.e. preference ordering, utility value, AHP judgment matrix and fuzzy judgment matrix) are introduced and the computing formulas are given to transform different forms of preference information into the form of fuzzy judgment matrix. A new method that involves in different preference strength of experts is studied. Then, the assessment of the group priorities is formulated as a fuzzy linear programming problem, maximizing the group’s overall satisfaction to get the group solution. The method can easily deal with missing judgments and different partiality intensity by decision makers. At the end, the feasibility and effectiveness of method is explained by an example.

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