Modelling the social determinants of health and simulating short-term and long-term intervention impacts for the city of Toronto, Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziza Mahamoud ◽  
Brenda Roche ◽  
Jack Homer
Author(s):  
Consuelo V ◽  
Jos Armando Vidarte Claros

Objetivo: Establecer los determinantes sociales de la salud estructurales e intermedios y su relación con la discapacidad en la ciudad de Barranquilla, apartir del análisis de las diferencias por género. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo correlacional, con 726 registros de la base de datos a 2011.Se utilizó el Registro DANE de personas con discapacidad, que fue sistematizado en el programa SPSS Versión 19.0. Resultados: Se encontrarondiferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05) y niveles de dependencia baja relacionadas con tipo de afiliación a la seguridad social, la raza, eltrabajo desempeñado y el salario mensual. Conclusiones: Existen diferencias por género en algunos determinantes sociales de la salud. Además, ladiscapacidad se hace evidente cuando la persona encuentra o presenta restricciones que le impiden su plena participación en la sociedad. ABSTRACTObjective:To establish the social determinants of health and intermediate structural and Disability in the city of Barranquilla, analyzing genderdifferences. Materials and Methods: A descriptive correlational study with 726 records database to 2011, the Registry was used DANE people withdisabilities was systematized in the SPSS version 19.0 program. Results: Statistically significant differences p < 0.05 and low levels of dependenceaffiliation to social security, race, work performed and met monthly salary. Conclusions: There are gender differences in some social Determinants ofHealth, disability is also evident when the person is or has restrictions that prevent their full participation in society.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Ryan ◽  
Damon Coppola ◽  
Deon V. Canyon ◽  
Mark Brickhouse ◽  
Raymond Swienton

ABSTRACTAll levels of government are authorized to apply coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) protection measures; however, they must consider how and when to ease lockdown restrictions to limit long-term societal harm and societal instability. Leaders that use a well-considered framework with an incremental approach will be able to gradually restart society while simultaneously maintaining the public health benefits achieved through lockdown measures. Economically vulnerable populations cannot endure long-term lockdown, and most countries lack the ability to maintain a full nationwide relief operation. Decision-makers need to understand this risk and how the Maslow hierarchy of needs and the social determinants of health can guide whole of society policies. Aligning decisions with societal needs will help ensure all segments of society are catered to and met while managing the crisis. This must inform the process of incremental easing of lockdowns to facilitate the resumption of community foundations, such as commerce, education, and employment in a manner that protects those most vulnerable to COVID-19. This study proposes a framework for identifying a path forward. It reflects on baseline requirements, regulations and recommendations, triggers, and implementation. Those desiring a successful recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic need to adopt an evidence-based framework now to ensure community stabilization and sustainability.


Author(s):  
Daiane Broch ◽  
Deise Lisboa Riquinho ◽  
Letícia Becker Vieira ◽  
Adriana Roese Ramos ◽  
Vanessa Aparecida Gasparin

Abstract Objective: To understand the social determinants of health from the perspective of the work of community health agents. Method: A qualitative study conducted in a Health District Management in the city of Porto Alegre/Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, through focus groups and semi-structured interviews with community health agents. The analysis took place through thematic categorization, and the social determinants of health were adopted as the analytical category. Results: Twenty-five (25) community health agent workers participated. Overlapping individual and collective themes emerged, from violence and drug trafficking to lack of sanitation, improperly disposed garbage, illiteracy and the health problems themselves. Conclusion: The study revealed a complex relationship between the work of community health agents and the social determinants of health, reinforcing the need for a cohesive health team with intersectoral initiatives to address the different demands of the territories which are worked and lived in.


2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saty Satya-Murti ◽  
Jennifer Gutierrez

The Los Angeles Plaza Community Center (PCC), an early twentieth-century Los Angeles community center and clinic, published El Mexicano, a quarterly newsletter, from 1913 to 1925. The newsletter’s reports reveal how the PCC combined walk-in medical visits with broader efforts to address the overall wellness of its attendees. Available records, some with occasional clinical details, reveal the general spectrum of illnesses treated over a twelve-year span. Placed in today’s context, the medical care given at this center was simple and minimal. The social support it provided, however, was multifaceted. The center’s caring extended beyond providing medical attention to helping with education, nutrition, employment, transportation, and moral support. Thus, the social determinants of health (SDH), a prominent concern of present-day public health, was a concept already realized and practiced by these early twentieth-century Los Angeles Plaza community leaders. Such practices, although not yet nominally identified as SDH, had their beginnings in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century social activism movement aiming to mitigate the social ills and inequities of emerging industrial nations. The PCC was one of the pioneers in this effort. Its concerns and successes in this area were sophisticated enough to be comparable to our current intentions and aspirations.


Author(s):  
Sridhar Venkatapuram

The term health disparities (also called health inequalities) refers to the differences in health outcomes and related events across individuals and social groups. Social determinants of health, meanwhile, refers to certain types of causes of ill health in individuals, including lack of early infant care and stimulation, lack of safe and secure employment, poor housing conditions, discrimination, lack of self-respect, poor personal relationships, low community cohesion, and income inequality. These social determinants stand in contrast to others, such as individual biology, behaviors, and proximate exposures to harmful agents. This chapter presents some of the revolutionary findings of social epidemiology and the science of social determinants of health, and shows how health disparities and social determinants raise profound questions in public health ethics and social/global justice philosophy.


Author(s):  
Kristen A. Berg ◽  
Jarrod E. Dalton ◽  
Douglas D. Gunzler ◽  
Claudia J. Coulton ◽  
Darcy A. Freedman ◽  
...  

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